Glucose And Carbohydrates Quiz

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  • 1/20 Questions

    The primary source of engery for cells is

    • Oxygen
    • Glucose
    • Adrenaline
    • Lactose
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About This Quiz

This quiz on glucose and carbohydrates assesses knowledge on normal glucose values, symptoms of hypoglycemia, and diabetes management. It targets essential understandings needed for effective diagnosis and treatment in medical fields, providing a practical learning tool for students and professionals.

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  • 2. 

    A 2 HOUR PLASMA GLUCOSE OF 200mg/dL or greater is a criteria used to diagnose diabetes

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    A 2 HOUR PLASMA GLUCOSE OF 200mg/dL or greater is a criteria used to diagnose diabetes. This means that if a person's blood glucose level is 200mg/dL or higher 2 hours after consuming a glucose drink, it indicates that they have diabetes. This criteria is commonly used in diagnostic tests for diabetes to determine if a person's blood sugar levels are within normal range or if they have the condition. Therefore, the statement is true.

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  • 3. 

    Glucose is a 

    • An Insulin receptor

    • Simple sugar

    • A cell

    • A type of animal

    Correct Answer
    A. Simple sugar
    Explanation
    Glucose is a simple sugar. Simple sugars, also known as monosaccharides, are the basic building blocks of carbohydrates. Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body's cells and is essential for various physiological processes. It is easily broken down and absorbed by the body, providing a quick source of energy.

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  • 4. 

    Galactosemia can be fatal unless it is discovered early

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Galactosemia is a rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down galactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. If left undiagnosed and untreated, galactosemia can lead to severe complications and even death. Therefore, early detection is crucial in managing the condition and preventing fatal outcomes.

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  • 5. 

    Type 1 Diabetes is when there is no

    • Glucose

    • Insulin

    • Insulin receptors

    Correct Answer
    A. Insulin
    Explanation
    Type 1 Diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Without insulin, the body cannot effectively convert glucose into energy, leading to high blood sugar levels. This is why insulin is necessary for individuals with Type 1 Diabetes to manage their condition. The absence of glucose or insulin receptors is not the cause of Type 1 Diabetes.

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  • 6. 

    A 43 year old man presents with symptoms of thirst, nocturia, and a lack of energy.  As part of his investigation his physician performs a fasting glucose and the result is 160.  This result would be consistent with

    • Diabetes Mellitus

    • Impaired fasting glucose

    • Hypoglycemia

    • Diabetes Insipidus

    Correct Answer
    A. Diabetes Mellitus
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Diabetes Mellitus. The patient's symptoms of thirst, nocturia, and lack of energy, along with a fasting glucose level of 160, are consistent with a diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels due to the body's inability to produce or use insulin effectively. This can lead to symptoms such as increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. The elevated fasting glucose level confirms the presence of high blood sugar, indicating Diabetes Mellitus.

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  • 7. 

    ADA MEANS

    • ASSISTANT DISTRICT ATTORNEY

    • AFTER DESSERT APPETIZER

    • AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION

    Correct Answer
    A. AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION
    Explanation
    The correct answer is AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION. ADA is commonly used as an abbreviation for the American Diabetes Association, which is a non-profit organization that aims to prevent and cure diabetes and improve the lives of all people affected by diabetes.

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  • 8. 

    A 3 HOUR OGTT IS NO LONGER RECOMMENDED FOR USE IN DIAGNOSING HYPOGLYCEMIA BECAUSE OF ADVERSE EFFECTS

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement is true because a 3-hour OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test) is no longer recommended for diagnosing hypoglycemia due to its adverse effects. The OGTT involves consuming a high amount of glucose and then measuring blood sugar levels at regular intervals. However, this test can cause symptoms of hypoglycemia in individuals with normal blood sugar levels, leading to unnecessary anxiety and potential harm. Therefore, alternative tests, such as continuous glucose monitoring, are now preferred for diagnosing hypoglycemia.

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  • 9. 

    Type two diabetes is when the Insulin receptors are 

    • Working

    • Not working

    • Not there

    • There is no insulin

    Correct Answer
    A. Not working
    Explanation
    Type 2 diabetes occurs when the insulin receptors in the body are not working properly. Insulin receptors are responsible for allowing cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream. When these receptors are not working effectively, the cells are unable to properly utilize insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. This is a characteristic feature of type 2 diabetes, where the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin.

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  • 10. 

    HbA1C IS ALSO CALLED

    • HbA2c

    • GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN

    • GLYCOGENATED A1C

    Correct Answer
    A. GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN
    Explanation
    HbA1C is also known as glycated hemoglobin. This term refers to the hemoglobin in the blood that has been bound to glucose. This measurement is used to assess average blood sugar levels over a period of time, typically the past 2 to 3 months. By measuring the amount of glycated hemoglobin in the blood, healthcare professionals can evaluate how well a person's diabetes is being managed.

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  • 11. 

    A 62 year old women presents
    • Excessive thirst
    • Nausea and vomiting
    • Shortness of breath
    • Fruity-scented breath
    The most likely diagnosis would be

    • Hypoglycemia

    • Galactosemia

    • Diabetes Insipidus

    • Diabetic Ketoacidosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Diabetic Ketoacidosis
    Explanation
    The given symptoms of excessive thirst, nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath, and fruity-scented breath are indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a serious complication of diabetes where there is a lack of insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels and the breakdown of fats for energy. This breakdown produces ketones, which can cause a fruity odor in the breath. The combination of symptoms suggests DKA rather than hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), galactosemia (a rare genetic disorder), or diabetes insipidus (a condition affecting water balance).

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  • 12. 

    IF SEPARATION OF SERUM FOR GLUCOSE TESTING WILL BE DELAYED, BLOOD CAN BE COLLECTED IN

    • GRAY TOPPED TUBES BECAUSE THEY CONTAIN HEPARIN

    • GREEN TOPPED TUBES BECUASE THEY CONTAIN HEPARIN

    • GRAY TOPPED TUBES BECAUSE THEY CONTAIN GLYCOLYTIC INHIBITOR

    • GREEN TOPPED TUBES BECAUSE THEY CONTAIN GLYCOLYTIC INHIBITOR

    Correct Answer
    A. GRAY TOPPED TUBES BECAUSE THEY CONTAIN GLYCOLYTIC INHIBITOR
    Explanation
    Gray topped tubes contain a glycolytic inhibitor, such as sodium fluoride or potassium oxalate, which prevents the breakdown of glucose in the blood sample. This is important because glucose can be rapidly metabolized by red blood cells, leading to falsely low glucose levels if the sample is not processed in a timely manner. Therefore, if separation of serum for glucose testing will be delayed, using gray topped tubes with a glycolytic inhibitor can help preserve the accuracy of the glucose measurement.

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  • 13. 

    The following results are from a 21 yr old patient with a back injury who appears otherwise healthy: whole blood glucose: 77mg/dl  serum glucose: 88 mg/dl CSF glucose: 56 mg/dl 

    • The whole blood serum values are expected but the csf values is elevated

    • The whole blood glucose value should be higher than the serum value

    • All values are consistent with a normal healthy individual

    • The serum and whole blood values should be identical

    Correct Answer
    A. All values are consistent with a normal healthy individual
    Explanation
    The given results indicate that the patient's whole blood glucose level is 77mg/dl, serum glucose level is 88 mg/dl, and CSF glucose level is 56 mg/dl. The correct answer states that all values are consistent with a normal healthy individual. This means that the glucose levels in the patient's blood and CSF are within the normal range for a healthy person, indicating that there is no abnormality or underlying health condition related to glucose metabolism.

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  • 14. 

    HEMOGLOBIN A1C RANGE FOR A NORMAL NONDIABETIC PATIENT IS

    • 4%-5%

    • 7% OR LESS

    • BETWEEN 8% AND 12%

    Correct Answer
    A. 4%-5%
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 4%-5%. Hemoglobin A1C is a test that measures the average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months. For a normal non-diabetic patient, the range of Hemoglobin A1C should be between 4% and 5%. This indicates good blood sugar control and a lower risk of developing diabetes. A higher percentage, such as 7% or above, suggests poor blood sugar control and may indicate the presence of diabetes. A range between 8% and 12% is even higher and indicates uncontrolled diabetes.

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  • 15. 

    CHOOSE ALL THE HORMONES THAT ARE ANTAGONISTS TO INSULIN

    • GLUCAGON

    • EPINEPHRINE

    • GROWTH HORMONE

    • ANP

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. GLUCAGON
    A. EPINEPHRINE
    A. GROWTH HORMONE
    Explanation
    Glucagon, epinephrine, and growth hormone are all hormones that are antagonists to insulin. Insulin is responsible for lowering blood sugar levels, while these hormones work to increase blood sugar levels. Glucagon stimulates the liver to release stored glucose, epinephrine stimulates the breakdown of glycogen into glucose, and growth hormone reduces the uptake and utilization of glucose by cells. Therefore, these hormones counteract the effects of insulin and promote an increase in blood sugar levels. ANP, on the other hand, is not an antagonist to insulin and does not have a direct effect on blood sugar regulation.

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  • 16. 

    HEMOGLOBIN A1C TARGET FOR GOOD DIABETES CONTROL

    • 4%-5%

    • 7% OR LESS

    • BETWEEN 8% AND 12%

    Correct Answer
    A. 7% OR LESS
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 7% OR LESS. Hemoglobin A1C is a test that measures the average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months. A target of 7% or less indicates good diabetes control. This level is recommended by healthcare professionals to reduce the risk of complications associated with diabetes, such as heart disease, kidney damage, and nerve damage. Maintaining a lower A1C level indicates that blood sugar levels are well-managed and within the target range.

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  • 17. 

    CHOOSE ALL OF THE SYMPTOMS FOR HYPOGLYCEMIA

    • FAINTNESS

    • WEAKNESS

    • HUNGER

    • DIAPHORESIS (SWEATING)

    • VISUAL DISTURBANCE

    • PALSY

    • CONFUSION

    • SEIZURES

    • PERSONALITY CHANGES

    • COMA

    • NAUSEA

    • INTENSE THIRST

    • KETOACIDOSIS

    • DRY FLUSHED SKIN

    • WEAK PULSE

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. FAINTNESS
    A. WEAKNESS
    A. HUNGER
    A. DIAPHORESIS (SWEATING)
    A. VISUAL DISTURBANCE
    A. PALSY
    A. CONFUSION
    A. SEIZURES
    A. PERSONALITY CHANGES
    Explanation
    The symptoms listed in the answer are all associated with hypoglycemia. Faintness, weakness, hunger, sweating, visual disturbance, and confusion are common symptoms experienced when blood sugar levels drop too low. Seizures, personality changes, and palsy can also occur in severe cases of hypoglycemia. However, symptoms such as coma, intense thirst, ketoacidosis, dry flushed skin, and weak pulse are not typically associated with hypoglycemia and may indicate other medical conditions.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 20, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Feb 18, 2015
    Quiz Created by
    Lveal
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