Diabetes Module Post Test

The correct answer is the American Diabetes Association. The Inpatient Diabetes Program at TMMC follows standards of care from this organization in order to provide the best care for patients with diabetes. The American Diabetes Association is a reputable organization that sets guidelines and standards for diabetes care, education, and research. By following their standards of care, the Inpatient Diabetes Program ensures that patients receive evidence-based and high-quality care for their diabetes management during their hospital stay.

The blood glucose targets at TMMC are 140 mg/dl for the Critical Care Areas and 180 mg/dl for the Medical Floors.

The given correct answer is "Oxygen". This means that among the options provided, all of them are protocols, pre-printed orders, and standards of care for patients with diabetes admitted at TMMC except for Oxygen. This suggests that Oxygen is not specifically related to the care and management of diabetes in this context.

The Glycemic Monitoring screen in Cerner contains information about A1c, finger stick blood glucose results, and insulin/oral agents, but it does not include information about the diet that has been ordered for the patient. This information is likely to be found in a different section or screen within the Cerner system.

The correct answer is the Diabetes Self-Care Management Guide. This booklet is specifically designed for patients with diabetes and provides information on how to manage their condition effectively. It includes guidance on monitoring blood sugar levels, taking medication, following a healthy diet, and engaging in regular physical activity. This booklet would be the most relevant and beneficial resource for patients with diabetes to help them understand and manage their condition.

Infection is not a possible cause of hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar levels, which can occur when there is a delay or skipping of a meal, an incorrect dose of medication, or excessive physical activity without adequate food intake. Infection, on the other hand, is a condition caused by the invasion and multiplication of harmful microorganisms in the body, and it does not directly affect blood sugar levels. Therefore, infection is not considered a cause of hypoglycemia.

Frequent urination is not a sign or symptom of hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is characterized by low blood sugar levels, which can cause sweating, confusion, and headache. However, frequent urination is not typically associated with hypoglycemia, but rather with conditions such as diabetes or urinary tract infections.

Hyperglycemia can be caused by various factors, including infection, intravenous parenteral nutrition, and the administration of steroids. Infections can lead to increased blood sugar levels due to the release of stress hormones and the body's immune response. Intravenous parenteral nutrition, which involves providing nutrients directly into the bloodstream, can cause hyperglycemia if the solution contains high levels of glucose. Steroids, such as corticosteroids, can also elevate blood sugar levels by increasing insulin resistance and reducing the effectiveness of insulin. Therefore, all of the mentioned factors can contribute to the development of hyperglycemia.

The correct answer is 1 tube of glucose gel (15 grams). In cases of hypoglycemia, it is important to quickly raise the blood glucose levels. Glucose gel is a fast-acting treatment option as it is easily absorbed by the body. The other options mentioned, such as graham crackers, orange juice, and a sandwich, may take longer to be digested and may not provide the immediate blood sugar boost that is needed in an emergency situation.

The correct answer is B or C. When a patient is unconscious and experiencing a hypoglycemic episode, it is important to administer glucose to raise their blood sugar levels quickly. This can be done through either a D50 IV push or by using glucagon subcutaneously. Both methods are effective in rapidly increasing blood sugar levels and can help to stabilize the patient's condition.

Basal insulin is the correct answer because it is the type of insulin that controls glucose levels between meals and suppresses overnight hepatic glucose production. Basal insulin provides a steady release of insulin throughout the day and night, mimicking the body's natural insulin production. It helps to maintain stable blood sugar levels when the body is not receiving food and prevents the liver from producing excessive glucose during periods of fasting. Mealtime insulin, on the other hand, is taken before meals to regulate the rise in blood sugar after eating, while sliding scale insulin is a method of adjusting insulin doses based on blood sugar levels.

Insulin needs to be verified by two licensed nurses because it is a high-risk medication that requires precise dosing and administration. This double verification process ensures accuracy and reduces the risk of medication errors. Insulin is commonly used to manage diabetes, and incorrect dosing can have serious consequences for the patient's blood sugar levels. By involving two nurses in the verification process, it adds an extra layer of safety and ensures that the correct dosage is being administered to the patient.

The correct answer is "Weight Yearly" because while regular monitoring of weight is important for overall health, it is not specifically listed as one of the Diabetes Standards of Care. The other options, such as Dilated Eye Exam Yearly, Complete Foot Exam Yearly, and Lipid Panel Yearly, are all recommended as part of the standard care for individuals with diabetes to monitor and manage their condition effectively.

After a contrast procedure, Glucophage should be held for 48 hours. This is because Glucophage contains metformin, which can cause a rare but serious condition called lactic acidosis when combined with contrast dye. Lactic acidosis is a buildup of lactic acid in the blood, which can be life-threatening. Holding Glucophage for 48 hours allows enough time for the contrast dye to be eliminated from the body and reduces the risk of lactic acidosis.

Glucophage, also known as metformin, primarily works by inhibiting hepatic glucose production. This means that it reduces the amount of glucose produced by the liver, which helps lower blood sugar levels. By inhibiting this process, Glucophage helps to control and manage diabetes by preventing excessive glucose production in the body.

Lantus should never be mixed in the same syringe with any other insulin because it is a long-acting insulin that is designed to provide a steady release of insulin over a 24-hour period. Mixing it with other insulins can alter its pharmacokinetics and lead to unpredictable effects on blood sugar levels. Therefore, it is recommended to administer Lantus separately from other insulins to ensure its effectiveness and safety.

Humalog should be administered within 15 minutes of the meal because it is a rapid-acting insulin. It starts working quickly to lower blood sugar levels after a meal. This helps to prevent a spike in blood sugar levels after eating. Lantus is a long-acting insulin and is not meant to be taken immediately before a meal. Regular and NPH insulins are also not as fast-acting as Humalog.

The A1c test reflects glycemic control for the past 2-3 months. This test measures the average blood sugar levels over a period of time by assessing the percentage of hemoglobin that is glycated. Since red blood cells have a lifespan of around 3 months, the A1c test provides an indication of long-term blood sugar control. It is commonly used to diagnose and monitor diabetes, as well as to assess the effectiveness of treatment plans.

In order for a patient to use an insulin pump in the hospital, they need to have the necessary forms completed and the insulin pump orders in place. The Insulin Pump Assessment Form is required to assess the patient's suitability for using an insulin pump. The Insulin Pump Therapy Agreement Form is necessary to ensure that the patient understands the responsibilities and risks associated with using the pump. Finally, the Insulin Pump Orders are needed to provide specific instructions for the patient's insulin pump therapy. Therefore, all of the above requirements must be met for a patient to use an insulin pump in the hospital.

The abdomen is the preferred site for a subcutaneous insulin injection because it has a good blood supply and a larger surface area for absorption. Additionally, the abdomen is easier to access and is less likely to cause discomfort or pain compared to other sites such as the arm, thigh, or buttock.

Glucose gel is an appropriate treatment for hypoglycemia because it provides a concentrated source of glucose that can be quickly absorbed by the body. It is easy to administer and does not require swallowing or chewing, making it suitable for individuals who may be unconscious or unable to eat or drink. Additionally, glucose gel is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream, raising blood sugar levels and effectively treating the low blood sugar associated with hypoglycemia.