CSWIP Multiple Choice Questions - Practice Paper 3
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which type of submerged arc welding flux is susceptible to moisture pick-up?
- A.
Neutral
- B.
Agglomerated
- C.
Fused
- D.
Are all about the same
Correct Answer
B. AgglomeratedExplanation
Agglomerated submerged arc welding flux is susceptible to moisture pick-up. This is because agglomerated flux is made up of granules that have been bonded together, leaving small spaces between them. These spaces can easily absorb moisture from the surrounding environment, leading to a decrease in the effectiveness of the flux. In contrast, neutral and fused fluxes are less prone to moisture absorption due to their different composition and structure. Therefore, agglomerated flux requires more careful handling and storage to prevent moisture contamination.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A Large grain size in the HAZ of a C-Mn Steel weld joint may have:
- A.
Low ductility
- B.
Low toughness
- C.
High toughness
- D.
High tensile strength
Correct Answer
B. Low toughnessExplanation
A large grain size in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of a C-Mn Steel weld joint may result in low toughness. This is because larger grains tend to have less grain boundary area, which can act as barriers to crack propagation. With fewer boundaries to hinder crack growth, the material becomes more susceptible to brittle fracture, leading to lower toughness.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A STRA test is used to measure the:
- A.
Tensile strength of the welded joint
- B.
Level of residual stress in butt joints
- C.
Fracture toughness of the HAZ
- D.
Through-thickness ductility of a steel plate (the Z direction)
Correct Answer
D. Through-thickness ductility of a steel plate (the Z direction)Explanation
The correct answer is through-thickness ductility of a steel plate (the Z direction). The STR test is specifically designed to measure the ability of a steel plate to deform and stretch in the Z direction, perpendicular to the plane of the plate. This is important because it determines the plate's resistance to cracking or failure under certain conditions. By measuring the through-thickness ductility, engineers can assess the plate's overall structural integrity and suitability for various applications.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The risk of hydrogen cracking is greater when MMA welding:
- A.
C-Mn Steels
- B.
Austenitic Stainless Steels
- C.
Low Alloy Steels For Elevated Temperature Service
- D.
Low Carbon Steels For Cryogenical Service
Correct Answer
C. Low Alloy Steels For Elevated Temperature ServiceExplanation
The risk of hydrogen cracking is greater when MMA welding low alloy steels for elevated temperature service. This is because low alloy steels have a higher susceptibility to hydrogen cracking, especially when they are exposed to high temperatures. The combination of hydrogen, high temperatures, and the specific composition of low alloy steels can lead to the formation of cracks in the weld, which can compromise the integrity and strength of the welded joint. Therefore, extra precautions and control measures need to be taken when MMA welding low alloy steels for elevated temperature service to minimize the risk of hydrogen cracking.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The property of a material which has the greatest influence on welding distortion is its
- A.
Yield strength
- B.
Coefficient of thermal expansion
- C.
Elastic modulus
- D.
Coefficient of thermal conductivity
Correct Answer
B. Coefficient of thermal expansionExplanation
The coefficient of thermal expansion is the property of a material that determines how much it expands or contracts when subjected to temperature changes. In welding, the heat generated can cause significant temperature variations in the material, leading to thermal expansion and contraction. This expansion and contraction can result in distortion and warping of the welded components. Therefore, the coefficient of thermal expansion has the greatest influence on welding distortion.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following is a suitable shielding gas for FCAW of stainless steels?
- A.
100% Argon
- B.
70% Argon + 30% He
- C.
Argon + 5% Hydrogen
- D.
Argon + 20% CO2
Correct Answer
D. Argon + 20% CO2Explanation
Argon + 20% CO2 is a suitable shielding gas for FCAW of stainless steels because it provides good arc stability and weld penetration. The addition of CO2 helps to improve the weld bead shape and reduce spatter. This gas mixture also provides good protection against atmospheric contamination, ensuring a high-quality weld.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The presence of iron sulphides in a weld bead may cause:
- A.
Solidification cracking
- B.
Hydrogen cracking
- C.
Lamellar tearing
- D.
Weld decay
Correct Answer
A. Solidification crackingExplanation
The presence of iron sulphides in a weld bead can cause solidification cracking. Solidification cracking, also known as hot cracking or hot tearing, occurs when the weld metal solidifies and contracts, but is restrained by the surrounding material. The presence of iron sulphides can promote the formation of low-melting point eutectic phases, which can lead to the formation of cracks during solidification. These cracks can weaken the weld and compromise its integrity.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A macrosection is particularly good for showing:
- A.
The weld metal HAZ microstructure
- B.
Overlap
- C.
Joint hardness
- D.
Spatter
Correct Answer
B. OverlapExplanation
A macrosection is particularly good for showing overlap in a weld. A macrosection is a cross-sectional view of a weld that allows for a detailed examination of the weld's structure and characteristics. In the case of overlap, it refers to the area where two weld beads overlap each other. By examining the macrosection, one can determine the quality and integrity of the overlap, ensuring that it meets the required standards and specifications. This can be crucial in industries where weld integrity is critical, such as structural engineering or pipeline construction.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following procedures would be expected to produce the least distortion in a 15mm straight butt weld?
- A.
TIG weld, single-sided, multi-pass
- B.
MMA weld, single-sided, multi-pass
- C.
MMA weld, double-sided, multi-pass
- D.
SAW weld, 1 pass per side
Correct Answer
D. SAW weld, 1 pass per sideExplanation
The SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) process with one pass per side would be expected to produce the least distortion in a 15mm straight butt weld. This is because SAW is a high-deposition welding process that uses a flux to cover the weld, which helps in controlling the heat input and minimizing distortion. Additionally, the single pass per side reduces the number of heat cycles and the overall amount of heat input, further reducing the potential for distortion.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A suitable gas/gas mixture, for GMAW for aluminium is:
- A.
100% CO2
- B.
100% Argon
- C.
80% Argon + 20% CO2
- D.
98% Argon + 2% 02
Correct Answer
B. 100% ArgonExplanation
The suitable gas/gas mixture for GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) for aluminum is 100% Argon. Argon is commonly used as a shielding gas in aluminum welding because it provides excellent arc stability and prevents oxidation of the weld. It also helps to produce a smooth and clean weld bead. CO2 and 02 gases are not suitable for aluminum welding as they can cause porosity and other defects in the weld.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following is associated with SAW more often than it is with MMA welds?
- A.
Hydrogen cracking in the HAZ
- B.
Solidification cracking in the weld metal
- C.
Reheat cracking during PWHT
- D.
Lamellar tearing
Correct Answer
B. Solidification cracking in the weld metalExplanation
Solidification cracking in the weld metal is associated with SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) more often than it is with MMA (Manual Metal Arc) welds. Solidification cracking occurs when the weld metal solidifies and contracts, causing it to crack. SAW is a welding process that uses a flux to protect the weld metal from atmospheric contamination, which reduces the risk of solidification cracking. MMA welds, on the other hand, are more prone to solidification cracking due to the lack of such protective measures. Therefore, solidification cracking is more commonly associated with SAW than MMA welds.Rate this question:
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- 12.
EN ISO 5817 (Level C) specifies that the limit for the diameter (D) of a single pore in a weld is: D<0.3s, but max. 4mm where s=material thickness. For which of the following situations is the pore acceptable?
- A.
S=20mm, measured pore diameter = 5mm
- B.
S=15mm, measured pore diameter = 4.5mm
- C.
S=10mm, measured pore diameter = 3mm
- D.
S=10mm, measured pore diameter = 3.5mm
Correct Answer
C. S=10mm, measured pore diameter = 3mmExplanation
According to the given specification, for a material thickness of s=10mm, the maximum acceptable pore diameter is 0.3s = 0.3 x 10 = 3mm. Since the measured pore diameter is 3mm, it falls within the acceptable limit and is therefore acceptable.Rate this question:
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- 13.
To measure arc voltage accurately it is recommended that the voltmeter should be connected:
- A.
Across the arc and as near as practical to the arc
- B.
Across the power source terminals prior to arc initiation
- C.
Across the power source terminals during the welding operation
- D.
Anywhere in the circuit
Correct Answer
A. Across the arc and as near as practical to the arcExplanation
To measure arc voltage accurately, it is recommended to connect the voltmeter across the arc and as close as possible to the arc itself. This is because the voltage across the arc can vary depending on factors such as arc length, electrode type, and welding conditions. By placing the voltmeter near the arc, it can provide a more precise measurement of the voltage at that specific location, giving a more accurate representation of the welding conditions. Connecting the voltmeter anywhere else in the circuit may not provide an accurate measurement of the arc voltage.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Lamellar tearing has occurred in a steel fabrication. What technique could have been used to find it before the weld was made?
- A.
X-ray examination
- B.
Liquid penetrant examination
- C.
Ultrasonic examination
- D.
It could not have been found by any inspection method
Correct Answer
D. It could not have been found by any inspection methodExplanation
Lamellar tearing is a type of cracking that occurs in steel due to the presence of non-metallic inclusions. It is typically not detectable by conventional inspection methods such as X-ray examination, liquid penetrant examination, or ultrasonic examination. This is because lamellar tearing is a subsurface defect that is not easily visible or detectable using these techniques. Therefore, it is not possible to find lamellar tearing before the weld is made using any inspection method.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Preheating a low alloy steel prior to welding to minimise the risk of:
- A.
Porosity
- B.
Excessive distortion
- C.
HAZ cracking
- D.
Lack of fusion
Correct Answer
C. HAZ crackingExplanation
Preheating a low alloy steel prior to welding helps to reduce the risk of heat-affected zone (HAZ) cracking. When welding, the heat generated can cause rapid cooling and contraction in the surrounding area, leading to high levels of residual stress and potential cracking in the HAZ. Preheating the steel before welding helps to slow down the cooling rate, allowing for more uniform cooling and reducing the risk of HAZ cracking. This is particularly important in low alloy steels, which are more susceptible to cracking due to their composition and properties.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Typical temperature used for normalising a C-Mn steel plate are:
- A.
600-650ºC
- B.
1000-1100ºC
- C.
700-800ºC
- D.
880-920ºC
Correct Answer
D. 880-920ºCExplanation
The typical temperature range for normalizing a C-Mn steel plate is 880-920ºC. Normalizing is a heat treatment process that involves heating the steel plate to a temperature above its critical range and then cooling it in still air. This process helps to refine the grain structure of the steel, improve its mechanical properties, and relieve internal stresses. The temperature range of 880-920ºC is commonly used for normalizing C-Mn steel plates to achieve the desired properties and structure.Rate this question:
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- 17.
For GMAW the burn-off rate of the wire is directly related to:
- A.
Stick-out length
- B.
Wire feed speed
- C.
Arc voltage
- D.
Travel speed
Correct Answer
B. Wire feed speedExplanation
The burn-off rate of the wire in GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) is directly related to the wire feed speed. The wire feed speed determines the rate at which the filler wire is fed into the weld pool. A higher wire feed speed will result in a faster burn-off rate of the wire, providing more filler material for the weld. Conversely, a lower wire feed speed will result in a slower burn-off rate. Therefore, the wire feed speed plays a crucial role in controlling the deposition rate and the quality of the weld.Rate this question:
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- 18.
For MMA welding of a 60mm wall nozzle to a 100mm wall vessel shell, preheat temperatures should be checked:
- A.
Before welding starts/restarts
- B.
On the shell and nozzle
- C.
At points at least 75mm from the joint edge
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
In MMA welding of a 60mm wall nozzle to a 100mm wall vessel shell, it is important to check the preheat temperatures before welding starts/restarts. This is necessary to ensure that the materials are at the correct temperature for welding, which helps to prevent cracking and improve the quality of the weld. The preheat temperatures should be checked on both the shell and nozzle, as both components are involved in the welding process. Additionally, it is important to check the temperatures at points at least 75mm from the joint edge to ensure that the entire area is adequately preheated. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above."Rate this question:
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- 19.
A crack running along the centreline of a weld bead could be caused by:
- A.
Use of damp flux
- B.
Lack of preheat
- C.
Arc voltage too high
- D.
Weld bead too deep and very narrow
Correct Answer
D. Weld bead too deep and very narrowExplanation
A crack running along the centreline of a weld bead could be caused by the weld bead being too deep and very narrow. When the weld bead is too deep and narrow, it creates a high concentration of stress along the centreline, which can lead to cracking. This is because the excessive heat input and rapid cooling from the narrow width of the bead can cause the metal to contract and crack.Rate this question:
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- 20.
To improve resistance to service failure caused by cyclic loading, it is good practice to:
- A.
Use low heat input welding
- B.
Use steel with a low CEV
- C.
Ensure there are no features that give high stress concentration
- D.
PWHT the fabrication
Correct Answer
C. Ensure there are no features that give high stress concentrationExplanation
To improve resistance to service failure caused by cyclic loading, it is important to ensure that there are no features that give high stress concentration. High stress concentration can lead to the formation of stress risers, which are points of high stress concentration that can initiate cracks and ultimately lead to failure. By eliminating or minimizing features that create stress concentration, such as sharp corners, notches, or abrupt changes in geometry, the structure becomes more resistant to cyclic loading and less prone to failure. This can be achieved through design modifications or by using techniques such as fillet welding or blending the transitions between different components.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The use of low carbon austenitic stainless steels and stabiliser stainless steels will minimise the risk of:
- A.
HAZ cracking
- B.
Weld decay
- C.
Weld metal cracking
- D.
Distortion
Correct Answer
B. Weld decayExplanation
The use of low carbon austenitic stainless steels and stabilizer stainless steels helps minimize the risk of weld decay. Weld decay is a form of corrosion that occurs in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of stainless steel welds. It is caused by sensitization, which happens when carbon combines with chromium in the steel, depleting the chromium content and reducing its corrosion resistance. By using low carbon austenitic stainless steels and stabilizer stainless steels, the carbon content is reduced, preventing sensitization and minimizing the risk of weld decay.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which type of SAW flux is susceptible to breaking down into fine particles during circulation?
- A.
Fused
- B.
Neutral
- C.
Alloyed
- D.
Agglomerated
Correct Answer
D. AgglomeratedExplanation
Agglomerated SAW flux is susceptible to breaking down into fine particles during circulation. Agglomerated flux is made up of larger particles that are bonded together. However, when the flux is circulated, the bonding between the particles can weaken, causing them to break down into smaller particles. This can lead to issues such as clogging in the flux delivery system and poor weld quality.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The maximum hardness in the HAZ of a steel will increase if the:
- A.
Heat input is increased
- B.
CEV is increased
- C.
Joint thickness is decreased
- D.
Basic electrodes are used
Correct Answer
B. CEV is increasedExplanation
Increasing the Carbon Equivalent Value (CEV) of a steel will result in an increase in the maximum hardness in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). CEV is a measure of the steel's composition and indicates its hardenability. Higher CEV means a higher carbon content or the presence of other alloying elements that increase hardness. When the CEV is increased, the steel becomes more susceptible to hardening during the welding process, leading to higher hardness in the HAZ. Therefore, increasing the CEV will result in an increase in the maximum hardness in the HAZ.Rate this question:
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- 24.
BS EN ISO 5817 (Level B) specifies the limit for excess weld metal (h) on a butt weld as: h<1mm+0.1b, but max. 5mm, b= weld width. In which of the following situations is the measured excess weld metal acceptable?
- A.
B = 10 measured excess weld metal = 2.5mm
- B.
B = 20 measured excess weld metal = 3.5mm
- C.
B = 35 measured excess weld metal = 4.5mm
- D.
B = 45 measured excess weld metal = 5.5mm
Correct Answer
C. B = 35 measured excess weld metal = 4.5mmExplanation
According to the given specification, the limit for excess weld metal (h) on a butt weld is hRate this question:
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- 25.
A C-Mn steel is being welded by MMA and the electrode run-out lengths that have been used are much shorter than specified by the WPS. This deviation may give:
- A.
Increased risk of hydrogen cracking
- B.
Increased risk of solidification cracking
- C.
Lower values of HAZ toughness
- D.
Higher values of HAZ hardness
Correct Answer
C. Lower values of HAZ toughnessExplanation
When welding a C-Mn steel using MMA, if the electrode run-out lengths are much shorter than specified by the WPS, it can result in lower values of HAZ (Heat Affected Zone) toughness. The HAZ is the area surrounding the weld joint that experiences high temperatures during the welding process. Insufficient electrode run-out lengths can lead to inadequate heat input, causing the HAZ to cool too quickly, resulting in reduced toughness. This means that the HAZ will be more prone to cracking or failure under stress.Rate this question:
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- 26.
The first procedure prepared for a Weld Procedure Qualification test is a:
- A.
PWPS
- B.
WPS
- C.
WPQR
- D.
WPAR
Correct Answer
A. PWPSExplanation
The correct answer is pWPS. pWPS stands for preliminary Welding Procedure Specification. It is the initial document prepared before conducting a Weld Procedure Qualification test. This document outlines the proposed welding parameters, materials, and techniques that will be used in the test. It serves as a guideline for the actual WPS (Welding Procedure Specification) that will be developed and qualified based on the results of the test. The pWPS helps ensure that the welding process is planned and executed correctly, leading to a successful qualification test.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Transfer of material identification by hard stamping is sometimes not allowed for high integrity applications because it:
- A.
Is too slow
- B.
Can be a safety hazard
- C.
May damage the material
- D.
Causes problems with coating operations.
Correct Answer
C. May damage the materialExplanation
Hard stamping, as a method of transferring material identification, may not be allowed for high integrity applications because it has the potential to damage the material. This damage can compromise the structural integrity and performance of the material, which is undesirable in applications where safety and reliability are critical. Therefore, alternative methods that do not pose a risk of material damage may be preferred in such cases.Rate this question:
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- 28.
When welding thin plate distortion can be minimised by:
- A.
Welding from both sides
- B.
Using U preparations rather than V types
- C.
Using strongbacks
- D.
Using back-step welding
Correct Answer
D. Using back-step weldingExplanation
Using back-step welding is a technique where the welder welds in short sections, moving backwards from the end of the joint towards the start. This helps to control the heat input and prevents excessive distortion in the thin plate. By welding in short sections and allowing each section to cool before moving on, the accumulated heat is minimized, reducing the risk of distortion. This technique is particularly effective for thin plates where distortion is a common issue.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Which of the following would be considered to be high heat input welding?
- A.
550J/mm
- B.
55J/mm
- C.
5.5J/mm
- D.
5KJ/mm
Correct Answer
D. 5KJ/mmExplanation
High heat input welding refers to a welding process that generates a significant amount of heat per unit length. In this case, the correct answer of 5KJ/mm indicates a high heat input because it represents 5 kilojoules of heat energy being inputted per millimeter of weld. This level of heat input is considerably higher compared to the other options provided, such as 550J/mm, 55J/mm, and 5.5J/mm, which indicate lower amounts of heat energy being inputted per millimeter of weld.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Initiation of a TIG arc using high frequency spark may not be allowed because it:
- A.
Often causes tungsten inclusions
- B.
Can damage electronic equipment
- C.
Is an electrical safety hazard
- D.
Often causes stop/start porosity
Correct Answer
B. Can damage electronic equipmentExplanation
The initiation of a TIG arc using high frequency spark can potentially damage electronic equipment. High frequency sparks generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) which can disrupt the functioning of sensitive electronic devices. This interference can cause malfunctions, data loss, or even permanent damage to the equipment. Therefore, it is important to avoid using high frequency spark for TIG arc initiation to prevent any potential harm to electronic equipment.Rate this question:
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Apr 18, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 01, 2014Quiz Created by
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