Assessment Day 2: Nutrition/Obesity/Lipids

30 Questions | By Leecinn | Updated: Mar 17, 2022 | Attempts: 174

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1.

Which lipoprotein transports dietary fat and dietary cholesterol from the intestine?
- A.
  
  VLDL
- B.
  
  HDL
- C.
  
  IDL
- D.
  
  LDL
- E.
  
  Chylomicrons
2.

Which of the following is Cholesterol not a precursor to:
- A.
  
  Hormones
- B.
  
  Cell Membranes
- C.
  
  Bone Structure
- D.
  
  Bile Acids
- E.
  
  All of the above are Precursors
3.

What component of a lipoprotein contributes greatest to its density
- A.
  
  Triglyceride
- B.
  
  Apolipoprotein
- C.
  
  Free Cholesterol
- D.
  
  Phospholipids
- E.
  
  None of the Above
4.

Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are the principle transport vehicles for ________ in the blood.
- A.
  
  Glucose
- B.
  
  Triglycerides
- C.
  
  Cholesterol
- D.
  
  Amino Acids
5.

Apolipoprotein A is bound to all __________ and Apolipoprotein B is bound to __________.
- A.
  
  HDL;Triglycerides
- B.
  
  LDL; VLDL
- C.
  
  HDL; Chylomicrons,VLDL,IDL,LDL, Lp(a)
- D.
  
  All of the above are incorrect
6.

There are two ways that lipoproteins are commonly classified:
- A.
  
  HDL/Non-HDL or By the Apolipoproteins in their structural surface
- B.
  
  By density and by the harm they pose to the body
- C.
  
  By Triglyceride concentration and by cholesterol concentration.
- D.
  
  None of the above are correct.
7.

Because triglycerides and cholesterol (both being oil-based) cannot dissolve in blood, they must be “packaged” inside a “transport vehicle” in order to circulate in the (water-based) bloodstream throughout your body. Those transport vehicles are called:
- A.
  
  Phospholipids
- B.
  
  APOE
- C.
  
  Lipoproteins
- D.
  
  Proteins
8.

Elevated Lp(a) presents a far greater risk than elevated LDL because it is both atherogenic and thrombogenic
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
9.

In unhealthy lipoprotein metabolism (unhealthy eating), more particles are created than the body can use and remove, causing a greater particle load to progress through the metabolic pathway, with the particles getting progressively more cholesterol-rich throughout the process. This leads to an increased number of particles that are high in cholesterol, thus increasing the patient’s risk for atherosclerosis.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
10.

Which of the following statements are true regarding lipoprotein particles and atherosclerosis?
- A.
  
  Smaller particles more easily infiltrate the vessel wall, initiating the atherosclerotic process
- B.
  
  More particles means more opportunity for infiltration to occur.
- C.
  
  Higher cholesterol content can result in a more rapid advancement in atherosclerosis.
- D.
  
  All of the above are true
11.

Regular aerobic exercise, loss of excess weight (fat), and cessation of cigarette smoking may increase HDL cholesterol levels.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
12.

Lp(a) is considered to be ____ more atherogenic (disease causing) than LDL cholesterol.
- A.
  
  100X
- B.
  
  50X
- C.
  
  10X
- D.
  
  15X
13.

HDL removes surplus cholesterol from the periphery and transports it to the liver for disposal
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
14.

________packages the fat we consume and transports it from our small intestine to the liver.
- A.
  
  LDL
- B.
  
  VLDL
- C.
  
  Chylomicrons
- D.
  
  HDL
15.

_______is(are) a class of lipoproteins formed in the degradation of very-low-density lipoproteins; some are cleared rapidly into the liver and some are degraded to low-density lipoproteins.
- A.
  
  IDL
- B.
  
  Remnants lipoproteins
- C.
  
  HDL
- D.
  
  VLDL3
16.

Their levels are genetically determined and remain relatively stable over an individual's lifetime.
- A.
  
  Small, dense LDL
- B.
  
  Lp(a)
- C.
  
  LpPla2
- D.
  
  IDL
17.

__________transport cholesterol from the tissues of the body back to the liver through a process called reverse cholesterol transport, so the cholesterol can be eliminated in the bile.
- A.
  
  LDL
- B.
  
  Chylomicrons
- C.
  
  Triglycerides
- D.
  
  Phopholipids
- E.
  
  HDL
18.

__________transports cholesterol to the tissues of the body. It is therefore considered the "bad" cholesterol.
- A.
  
  IDL
- B.
  
  Lp(a)
- C.
  
  VLDL3
- D.
  
  LDL
19.

Which of the following appropriately represents the Friedewald Equation for calculating LDL cholesterol?
- A.
  
  LDL = TC – HDL – TG/5
- B.
  
  LDL = HDL + TG/5
- C.
  
  LDL = TC – HDL - VLDL
- D.
  
  TC = HDL + LDL + TG
20.

The VAP:
- A.
  
  Is a comprehensive lipid analysis utilizing proprietary technology called the Vertical auto profile ultracentrifugation.
- B.
  
  Offers a direct measure LDL.
- C.
  
  Simultaneously measures cholesterol concentrations of all 5 lipoprotein classes and their subclasses in a nonfasting patient.
- D.
  
  All of the above
21.

____________________is elevation of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), or both, or a low high-density lipoprotein level that contributes to the development of atherosclerosis.
- A.
  
  Hyperlipidemia
- B.
  
  Dyslipidemia
- C.
  
  Metabolic Syndrome
- D.
  
  Hypoapolipoproteins
22.

___________ is used to measure obesity, and a measurement over __________, a patient is considered to be obese.
- A.
  
  BMI; 30
- B.
  
  HTN; 200 lbs
- C.
  
  BMI; 20
- D.
  
  LDL; 130mg/dl
23.

The energy provided from food is called _______________.
- A.
  
  BMI
- B.
  
  Kcal
- C.
  
  Calories
- D.
  
  Fatty acids
- E.
  
  B & C
24.

Select all of the following Nutirents that provide energy.
- A.
  
  Vitamins
- B.
  
  Fats
- C.
  
  Proteins
- D.
  
  Minerals
- E.
  
  Carbohydrates
25.

The prevalence of obesity has nearly doubled between 1980 and 2008. Once associated with high-income countries, obesity is now also prevalent in low- and middle-income countries.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False