Basics Of Clinical Podiatry Quiz

Tinea pedis, also known as athlete's foot, is indeed a fungal infection of the foot. It is a common condition that causes itching, redness, and cracking of the skin on the feet. It is often caused by walking barefoot in public places such as locker rooms or swimming pools, where the fungus thrives. Treatment usually involves antifungal creams or medications to eliminate the infection. Therefore, the given answer, "True," is correct.

Onychomycosis is indeed a fungal infection that affects the toenails or fingernails. It can lead to various symptoms such as discoloration, thickening, disfigurement, and splitting of the nails. Therefore, the statement "Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the toenails or fingernails and can cause the nail to discolor, thicken, disfigure and split" is true.

Achilles tendonitis refers to inflammation of the Achilles tendon, which is the largest tendon in the body and connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. This condition commonly occurs due to overuse, excessive strain, or repetitive stress on the Achilles tendon. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, and tenderness in the back of the leg near the heel. Treatment usually involves rest, ice, physical therapy, and in some cases, medication or surgery.

Verruca is another term for warts. Warts are small, rough growths that appear on the skin, typically on the hands or feet. They are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) and can be contagious.

Plantar fascia is the name of the thick band that runs under the bottom of your feet

Podiatry is the branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis, medical, and surgical treatment of disorders of the foot and ankle. It involves the study and treatment of conditions such as foot deformities, injuries, infections, and diseases. Podiatrists are specialized medical professionals who provide care for foot and ankle problems, including prescribing medication, performing surgeries, and recommending orthotic devices. They play a crucial role in maintaining foot health and mobility for individuals of all ages.

A bunion is a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe. It is also known as Hallux Abducto Valgus. This condition occurs when the big toe deviates towards the other toes, causing the joint at the base of the toe to protrude. The misalignment of the toe joint can cause pain, inflammation, and difficulty in walking. Hallux Limitus refers to limited range of motion in the big toe joint, while Hallux Rigidus refers to complete immobility of the joint. Therefore, Hallux Abducto Valgus is the correct term for a bunion.

Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain. It is a condition that occurs when the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue that connects the heel bone to the toes, becomes inflamed or irritated. This can be due to excessive strain on the foot, such as from running or wearing improper footwear. The pain is typically felt in the bottom of the heel and can be sharp or stabbing. Gout, diabetes mellitus, and heel spur can also cause heel pain, but they are not as common as plantar fasciitis.

An onychocryptosis is a common term used to describe an ingrown toenail. This occurs when the edge of the toenail grows into the surrounding skin, causing pain, redness, and swelling. It is a common condition that can be caused by improper nail trimming, tight shoes, or trauma to the toe. Treatment options include soaking the foot in warm water, wearing open-toed shoes, and in some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove the ingrown portion of the nail.

The correct answer is "Hammer Toe". This deformity is characterized by the bending down of the middle joint of the toe, resembling a hammer. It is commonly caused by wearing ill-fitting shoes or high heels, which put pressure on the toes. Hammer toe can cause pain, discomfort, and difficulty in walking or wearing shoes. Treatment options include wearing proper footwear, using orthotics, doing toe exercises, and in severe cases, surgery may be required to correct the deformity.

Hallux rigidus refers to the complete loss of movement in the big toe. This condition is characterized by stiffness and limited range of motion in the joint at the base of the big toe. It is often caused by arthritis or wear and tear of the joint over time. Unlike hallux valgus, which is a deformity where the big toe deviates towards the other toes, or hallux limitus, which refers to a limited range of motion in the big toe joint, hallux rigidus specifically indicates a complete loss of movement.

Gout is caused by a high concentration of uric acid in the body. Uric acid is a waste product that is produced when the body breaks down purines, which are substances found in certain foods and drinks. Normally, uric acid dissolves in the blood and is excreted through the kidneys. However, if there is an excess of uric acid or if the kidneys are unable to eliminate it effectively, it can build up and form crystals in the joints, leading to the painful symptoms of gout. Therefore, maintaining a low purine diet and staying hydrated can help in reducing the risk of gout attacks.

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome is a condition that affects the tibial nerve in the ankle, leading to various symptoms. Pain is a common symptom, often described as a shooting or burning sensation. Numbness is also experienced, where the affected area loses sensation. Tingling is another symptom, which is often described as pins and needles sensation. Burning is also a symptom, where the affected area feels hot or like it's on fire. Therefore, the correct answer includes all of these symptoms.

Cantharidin treatment and cryotherapy are both common procedures for plantar warts. Cantharidin is a chemical that is applied to the wart, causing it to blister and eventually fall off. Cryotherapy involves freezing the wart with liquid nitrogen to destroy the tissue. Matrixectomy, on the other hand, is not a common procedure for plantar warts. It involves the surgical removal of the nail matrix, which is not typically done for the treatment of warts.

A bunionectomy, also known as Bunionectomy, is a surgical procedure that is performed to alleviate the pain and discomfort caused by bunions. This procedure is recommended when conservative treatment methods have failed to provide relief. It involves the removal of the bony bump (bunion) and realignment of the affected joint to improve the alignment of the big toe. This helps to alleviate pain, improve foot function, and enhance the overall quality of life for individuals suffering from bunions.

Nail avulsion and matrixectomy are common procedures for onychocryptosis. Onychocryptosis, also known as an ingrown toenail, occurs when the edge of the nail grows into the surrounding skin, causing pain, inflammation, and infection. Nail avulsion involves the removal of the ingrown portion of the nail, providing relief and preventing further complications. Matrixectomy, on the other hand, involves the removal of the nail matrix, which is the tissue responsible for nail growth. This procedure is usually performed when the ingrown toenail is recurrent or severe. Both procedures aim to alleviate symptoms and promote proper nail growth.

Both Tinea Pedis and Onychomycosis are caused by fungal infections. Tinea Pedis, commonly known as athlete's foot, is a fungal infection that affects the skin on the feet. Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nails. Therefore, both conditions are caused by fungal infections, making "All of the above" the correct answer.

Zyloprim, Lopurin, and Aloprim are all common medications used to treat gout. These medications belong to a class of drugs called xanthine oxidase inhibitors, which work by reducing the production of uric acid in the body. By lowering uric acid levels, these medications help to prevent the formation of urate crystals in the joints, which cause the painful symptoms of gout. Therefore, Zyloprim, Lopurin, and Aloprim are effective in managing gout and are commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals.

Morton's Neuroma is a painful condition that occurs when the tissue surrounding a nerve leading to the toes becomes thickened. It commonly affects the ball of the foot, specifically between the third and fourth toes. The symptoms of Morton's Neuroma can include feeling as if there is a pebble in the shoe, along with sharp, numb, and burning pain.

Metatarsalgia and Morton's Neuroma are both conditions that can cause pain in the ball of the foot. Metatarsalgia refers to general pain and inflammation in the metatarsal area, while Morton's Neuroma specifically involves a thickening of the tissue around the nerves leading to the toes. Plantar Fasciitis, on the other hand, is a condition that causes pain in the heel and arch of the foot, and Tinea Pedis is a fungal infection commonly known as athlete's foot. Therefore, the correct answer is Metatarsalgia and Morton's Neuroma.