Nurs 200 - Exam 2 - Chapter 27: Asepsis And Infection Control

What is a disease-producing microorganism

What is the most significant and most ocmmonly ovbserved infection-causing agent in healthcare institutions?

Gram-_____ bacteria are stained purple because they have thick cell walls that resist decolourization.

Most bacteria are aerobic or anaerobic?

_____ of the organisms is its ability to cause disease

____ for growth and multiplication of microorganisms is the natural habitat of the organism. It could be humans, animals, soil, food, water, milk, and inanimate objects.

In humans, which of the following is not a common portals of exit or escape routes:

• Respiratory tract

• Gastrointestinal tract

• Genitourinary tract

• Breaks in the skin

• Muscular system

Transmission can be through:

• Direct contact

• Blood

• Indirect contact

• Water

• All of the above

Nonhuman carriers that transmit organisms from one host ot another are known as

Lice or mosquitos can be a:

• Fomite

• Vector

• Direct contact transmission

• All of the above

• None of the above

Droplet transmission is similar to airborne transmission, but it is larger than ____um

The entry route is usually _____ exit route.

• Same as

• Different than

• It depends

True or False:A person may continually pass through the four phases with the same infectious process, based on only one infectious exposure.

• True

• False

Symptoms of systemic infections include:

• Fever

• Increase pulse

• Increase respiratory rate

• Lethargy

• All of the above

What is the most effective way to help prevent the spread of organisms?

• Sterile technique

• Medical asepsis

• Use of ultraviolet properties

• Eliminating normal flora

• Hand hygiene

True or False:Gloves are a good substitute for good hand hygiene

• True

• False

Double gloving is recommended if the healtcare worker is going to be exposed to ____ or ____ fluids. (separate answers with a space)

True or False:There is a cure for latex gloves

• True

• False

OSHA resquires that healthcare agencies have ____ _____ ____ (PPE), such as gloves, gowns, masks, and protective eyewear, available.

True or False:A mask is worn only once but can be lowered around the neck and then brought back over the mouth and nose for reuse.

• True

• False

Which asepsis is considered contaminated if it is touched by any object that is not without pathogens, microorganisms, and spores.

Most sterile solutions are considered sterile for ____ hours after being opened.

The term _____ is used specifically to indicate an infection originating or takng place in a hospital.

True or False:A high RN-to-patient ratio has a higher correlation of HAIs.

• True

• False

Most healthcare-associated infections are caused by which microorganisms?

True or False:The source of infection is always exogenous.

• True

• False

Fungi are present in

• Soil

• Air

• Water

• All of the above

• None of the above

The smallest of all microorganisms, visible only with an electron microscope is a

The correct progression of an infection phases is:

• Convalescent period, full stage of illness, prodromal stage, incubation period

• Incubation period, full stage of illness, prodromal stage, convalescent period

• Prodromal stage, incubation stage, full stage of illness, convalescent period

• Incubation period, prodromal stage, full stage of illness, convalescent period

• Incubation period, full stage of illness, prodromal stage, convalescan period.

Which of the following is not involved in breaking the cycle of infection?

• Cleansing

• Disinfection

• Sterilization

• All of the above

• None of the above

True or False:Since iatrogenic infections result from a treatment or diagnostic procedure, all nosocomial infections are iatrogenic.

• True

• False

Which of the following is is not a typical access site for nosocomial infections?

• Surgical wounds

• Urinary catheters

• IV catheters

• Mechanical ventilation

• None of the above

The second component of the infection cycle is:

Which of the follownig is not used to categorize bacteria?

• Cocci

• Spirochete

• Gram positive

• Bacilli

• Mold

Some humans are reservoirs for the infectious agent but do not exhibit any manifestations of the disease, they are called:

During which stage of infection is the person most infectous?

Antigens and antibodies are part of the body's _____ response

________ destroys all pathogenic organisms except spores. It is used when preparing the skin for a procedure or cleaning a piece of equipment that does not enter a sterile body part.

Wich types of mask rilter inspitred air in addition to filtering expired air?

• N95

• High-effficiency particulate air mask

• HEPA mask

• All of the above

• None of the above

Which asepsis is considered contaminated if it bears or is suspected of bearing pathogens?

Before pouring a sterile solution from a bottle that has been previously used, ____ it by pouring a small amount out into a waste receptable to "clean" the rim of the bottle.

When an organism becomes attached to dust particles it is considered a:

• Direct route

• Droplet route

• Airborne route

• Entry route

• Fomite

Which of these is untrue about medical asepsis:

• Also called clean technique

• Invovles procedures and practices that reduce the number and transfer of pathogens

• Keeps objects and areas free of microorganisms

• E.g. hand hygiene

• E.g. wearing gloves

Which of the following is untrue about surgical asepsis?

• Includes practices used to render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms

• Such procedures include inserting urinary catheter or IV catheter

• Also known as sterile technique

• Involves actions such as handwashing

• Such tecniques are used continuously both within and outside health agencies

_____ destroys all microorganisms including spores

Which of the following is not true about aerosols?

• Can be inhaled

• Travel short distances (about 3 feet)

• Masks help prevent inhalation

• Remain suspended in the air

• None of the above

_____ used to describe a protective procedure that limits the spread of infectous diseases among hospitalized patients, hospital personnel, and visitors was historically used. Hospitals specializing in this procedure have closed.

The greatest risk of seoconversion (development of antibodies in response to an infection) after a needlestick injury is

• Hepatitis B

• Hepatitis C

• HIV

• Hepatitis A

• None of the above