Quiz About Asepsis, Infection, Prevention, And Hygiene

1. What is the proper way of providing eye care?

Cleanse the eye from the inner to the outer canthus

Cleanse the eye from the outer to the inner canthus

Cleanse the eye from one cornea to the other

Cleanse the eye with soap and water

page 460

Explanation

page 460

2. When a patient is on droplet precaution, what is should this patient wear before he/she is transported?

Mask

Gown

Gloves

Goggles

Foundations, page 288

Explanation

Foundations, page 288

3. Microorganisms

They are always harmless

They are always harmful

The do not cause disease

Foundations, p. 266

Explanation

Foundations, p. 266

4. Based on CDC isolation guidelines, what is the first tier called?

Standard Precaution

Airborne Precaution

Isolation Precaution

Droplet Precaution

Foundations, p. 285

Explanation

Foundations, p. 285

5. Which action shows a correct technique when doing eye care for a comatose patient?

The nurse cleans the eyes with saline solution, wiping from the inner canthus to the outer canthus.

Nurse cleans eyes with glucose solution and cotton balls

Nurse uses mineral oil into the lower lids to lubricate conjunctiva

If corneal reflex is absent, the nurse tapes saline soaked pads tightly over the eyes to keep the eyes closed.

Only "D" is, right. The rest are either irrelevant to eye care or a wrong technique

Explanation

Only "D" is, right. The rest are either irrelevant to eye care or a wrong technique

6. When preparing for patient care, a student nurse learns that microorganisms are spread by:

Placing Soiled linens on the floor

Handwashing

Using Gloves

Fresh Air and Sunshine

Foundations, page 472

Explanation

Foundations, page 472

7. When providing perineal care for a female patient, the correct procedure is to wipe:

The area in concentric circular motions around the rectum

From the rectum toward the pubis

From the pubis toward the rectum

In concentric circles around the vaginal area

Cleaning process is from in to out and from dirty to clean.

Explanation

Cleaning process is from in to out and from dirty to clean.

8. The main cause of the spread of infection

Lack of proper hand hygiene

Sneezing without covering the mouth

Insufficient use of flu shots

Improper education regarding disease control

Foundations, page 307

Explanation

Foundations, page 307

9. During bed bath, the patient is covered with a bath blanket:

To prevent skin impairment

For cosmetic purposes

To prevent the spread of microorganisms

To prevent chilling

Foundations, page 473

Explanation

Foundations, page 473

10. A patient who is taking this group of medication should not use razor blades for shaving. They can only use electric razors. Which group of medication is it?

Anticoagulant

Analgesic

Antihistamine

Antitussive

Foundations, page 455

Explanation

Foundations, page 455

11. A process that kills all microorganisms and also destroys spores.

Disinfection

Sterilization

Asepsis

Clean technique

Foundations, page 302

Explanation

Foundations, page 302

12. Which of the following illustrates microorganism transmission via droplet contact?

Infected wound drainage contacts the nurse's hands

A virus is transmitted through sexual intercourse

Microorganisms contact a person's nasal mucus when someone coughs nearby

Contaminated stethoscope touches a client's skin

Droplet contact suggests particles transmitted through air at a closer distance.

Explanation

Droplet contact suggests particles transmitted through air at a closer distance.

13. A government agency concerned with disease prevention. They track and manage infectious diseases at the national level.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

World Health Organization

Department of Health and Human Services

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

The correct answer is Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This government agency is responsible for tracking and managing infectious diseases at the national level. They work to prevent the spread of diseases and provide guidance and resources to healthcare professionals and the public.

Explanation

The correct answer is Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This government agency is responsible for tracking and managing infectious diseases at the national level. They work to prevent the spread of diseases and provide guidance and resources to healthcare professionals and the public.

14. An individual who is more likely than others to acquire an infection is a(n):

Vector

Reservoir

Fomite

Susceptible host

Vector and fomite are both vehicles of transmission. RESERVOIR is a place within which microorganisms can thrive and reproduce. For example, microorganisms thrive in human beings, animals, and inanimate objects such as water, table tops, and doorknobs.

SUSCEPTIBLE HOST is a person who cannot resist a microorganism invading the body, multiplying, and resulting in infection. The host is susceptible to the disease, lacking immunity or physical resistance to overcome the invasion by the pathogenic microorganism.

Explanation

Vector and fomite are both vehicles of transmission. RESERVOIR is a place within which microorganisms can thrive and reproduce. For example, microorganisms thrive in human beings, animals, and inanimate objects such as water, table tops, and doorknobs.

SUSCEPTIBLE HOST is a person who cannot resist a microorganism invading the body, multiplying, and resulting in infection. The host is susceptible to the disease, lacking immunity or physical resistance to overcome the invasion by the pathogenic microorganism.

15. Difference between Medical asepsis and Surgical Asepsis.

Medical Asepsis inhibits growth and spread of Pathogens. Surgical Asepsis destroys microorganisms and spores

Surgical Asepsis inhibits growth and spread of Pathogens. Medical Asepsis destroys microorganisms and spores

They are equally used in any prevention control protocol

Medical asepsis is also known as sterile technique. Surgical asepsis is also clean technique

Foundations, p. 267

Explanation

Foundations, p. 267

16. Which of the following patients is at most risk for pressure ulcers?

An 80-year old lady who just had a hip replacement and is on bed rest

A 5-year old child in traction for a fractured femur

A 95-year old Alzheimer's patient who roams around the facility

A 22-year old patient suffering from a spinal cord injury confined to a wheel chair

Older individuals with orthopedic injuries are mostly immobile and made worse by decreased sensory abilities.

Explanation

Older individuals with orthopedic injuries are mostly immobile and made worse by decreased sensory abilities.

17. Which of the following clients require a private room.

A client who has an infected abdominal incision

A client who has a kidney infection

A client who has a hepatitis B and is incontinent

A client who is bed bound and has an infected decubitus ulcer

Hepatitis B is contagious. The rest of the choices are not.

Explanation

Hepatitis B is contagious. The rest of the choices are not.

18. What kind of patient should you not soak the hands or the feet?

Manic-depressive

Psychosomatic

Diabetic

Cardiac

Foundations, p. 457

Explanation

Foundations, p. 457

19. Which of the following shows the correct bed-making procedure?

Nurse shakes crumbs from the soiled linen before disposing it in the hamper

The nurse wears sterile gloves while changing a client's bed linen

The nurse is careful not to bring soiled linens in contact with his uniform

Shaking crumbs from linen could spread microorganisms. Using other devices not belonging to the patient could create cross-contamination. There is no need to wear sterile gloves while making the bed.

Explanation

Shaking crumbs from linen could spread microorganisms. Using other devices not belonging to the patient could create cross-contamination. There is no need to wear sterile gloves while making the bed.

20. When doing a SURGICAL HAND HYGIENE, what should you remember?

Hands above elbows

Elbows above hands

Elbows should be straight

Hands should be on the same line as elbows

Foundations, page 293, letter 3-c.

Explanation

Foundations, page 293, letter 3-c.

21. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a normal skin.

Intact without abrasions

Diaphoretic

Warm and moist

Good turgor

p. 448

Explanation

p. 448

22. Which organ system does the primary line of the body's defense against pathogens belong to?

Respiratory

Integumentary

Excretory

Metabolic

The skin is the primary defense against pathogens. It belongs to the Integumentary System.

Explanation

The skin is the primary defense against pathogens. It belongs to the Integumentary System.

23. A nurse comes in a patient's room wearing gloves, gown, and mask. When she gets out of the room, what should she remove first.

Gown

Gloves

Mask

The order is not important

Since the gloves are the most infected piece of the PPE after caring for a patient, it should be the first one to be discarded.

Explanation

Since the gloves are the most infected piece of the PPE after caring for a patient, it should be the first one to be discarded.

24. Personal Hygiene for Nurses.

Take a daily bath or shower

Wear a clean uniform daily

Keep fingernails short and clean

Use breath mints and perfume to smell pleasant

Wear the best make-up and jewelry to be pretty

Foundations, Box 18-3, page 436

Explanation

Foundations, Box 18-3, page 436

Submit

25. After a hip surgery, a 68-year old patient needed a Foley catheter. Laboratory examination revealed that she developed Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary tract infection. Based on this patient's medical history, the nurse would suspect that this is probably a(n):

Superinfection

Autoimmune response

Antibiotic resistance response.

Nosocomial infection

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterium that can cause disease in animals, including humans. It is found in soil, water, skin flora, and most man-made environments throughout the world. Because it thrives on most surfaces, this bacterium is also found on and in medical equipment, including catheters, causing cross-infection in hospitals and clinics. A nosocomial infection is an infection acquired during a hospital stay or as a consequence of a medical intervention (urinary catheter)

Explanation

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterium that can cause disease in animals, including humans. It is found in soil, water, skin flora, and most man-made environments throughout the world. Because it thrives on most surfaces, this bacterium is also found on and in medical equipment, including catheters, causing cross-infection in hospitals and clinics. A nosocomial infection is an infection acquired during a hospital stay or as a consequence of a medical intervention (urinary catheter)

26. The smallest known agents to cause disease normally composed of either RNA or DNA.

Viruses

Bacteria

Fungi

Yeast

Foundations, page 270

Explanation

Foundations, page 270

27. Which of the following is the proper order on the stages of an infectious process?

Convalescence, Incubation, Illness, Prodormal

Prodormal, Convalescence, Incubation, Illness

Incubation, Prodormal, Illness, Convalescence

Illness, Incubation, Prodormal, Convalescence

p. 273

Explanation

p. 273

28. For patients on droplet, airborne, or contact precautions, what should their visitors do first?

Report to the nurse before entering

Report to the nurse before leaving

Report to the nurse every 5 minutes

Report to the nurse to ask for permission

Foundations, 287, 288, 289

Explanation

Foundations, 287, 288, 289

29. A patient with a Stage III decubitus ulcer asks the nurse if the ulcer will leave a scar once it heals. Which of the following is the most appropriate response?

"Sometimes there is a scar, sometimes there isn't"

"I don't think you should worry about that right now"

"Usually there is scar present with this type of healing"

"I think you should ask your doctor about that tomorrow"

"C" is the best answer. Ulcer will fill in from the inside and upward which leaves a scar. A flip flop answer is demeaning. Telling the patient not to worry does not recognize the patients need to know. Asking the doctor is possible but the nurse is avoiding the answer.

Explanation

"C" is the best answer. Ulcer will fill in from the inside and upward which leaves a scar. A flip flop answer is demeaning. Telling the patient not to worry does not recognize the patients need to know. Asking the doctor is possible but the nurse is avoiding the answer.

30. As a nurse, what is the most proper way to remove a gown?

Touch the outside of the gown only

Touch the inside of the gown only

Remove gown outside a patient's room

Ask another person to remove it for you.

The nurse should take off the gown by shrugging it off the shoulders and rolling it up with the gloves touching only the inside of the gown.

Explanation

The nurse should take off the gown by shrugging it off the shoulders and rolling it up with the gloves touching only the inside of the gown.

31. A foreign protein that invades the body is called:

Antigen

Interferon

Complement

Antibody

In immunology, an antigen is a substance that evokes the production of one or more antibodies. Each antibody binds to a specific antigen by way of an interaction similar to the fit between a lock and a key. The substance may be from the external environment or formed within the body. The immune system will try to destroy or neutralize any antigen that is recognized as a foreign and potentially harmful invader.

Explanation

In immunology, an antigen is a substance that evokes the production of one or more antibodies. Each antibody binds to a specific antigen by way of an interaction similar to the fit between a lock and a key. The substance may be from the external environment or formed within the body. The immune system will try to destroy or neutralize any antigen that is recognized as a foreign and potentially harmful invader.

32. Which of the following has the highest possibility of contaminating a sterile field?

The nurse diverts her head from the sterile field when talking

The nurse turns her back on the sterile field

The nurse holds her sterile gloved hands above waist level

The nurses reaches around a sterile field

When the nurse turns her back on the sterile field, there is no way to see what is happening. When the nurse diverts her head from the sterile field, nothing is broken. The nurse should normally position her sterile gloved hands above waist level. The nurse cannot reach across a sterile field. She needs to reach around and walk if needed

Explanation

When the nurse turns her back on the sterile field, there is no way to see what is happening. When the nurse diverts her head from the sterile field, nothing is broken. The nurse should normally position her sterile gloved hands above waist level. The nurse cannot reach across a sterile field. She needs to reach around and walk if needed

33. Where do pathogens grow?

Reservoir

Infectious Agent

Host

Entrance or Exit

Foundations, page 267

Explanation

Foundations, page 267

34. What is the most appropriate way to perform oral hygiene to an unconscious patient?

Position patient on a high fowler position and use a suction device

Position patient's head at the edge of the bead downward

Position patient's head to the side toward you and close to you

Put the patient on a sitting position and let the head face down

page 453, 8-f

Explanation

page 453, 8-f

35. What is the rationale for not using bobby pins, toothpicks, or cotton-tipped applicators to clean the internal auditory canal?

They can damage the tympanic membrane or cause cerumen to become impacted

They can damage the middle ear and cause cerumen to infiltrate olfactory tissues

They can damage the pinna and cause the cerumen to infect the ear

They can damage a nerve and cause the cerumen to create infection

Foundations, page 461

Explanation

Foundations, page 461

36. A process that destroys microorganisms but does not destroy spores.

Disinfection

Sterilization

Asepsis

Clean technique

Foundations, page 302

Explanation

Foundations, page 302

37. Involves tightening the ring of muscle around the vagina and anus and holding the muscle contraction for several seconds. Done for a minimum of 10 times, 3 times a day.

Passive Range of Motion

Aerobic Excercises

Kegel Excercises

Urogenital Excercises

Foundations, page 467

Explanation

Foundations, page 467

38. For a client with tinea pedis, which nursing intervention would be the most appropriate?

Apply antiseptic to gauze, insert between affected toes and leave in place.

Dry feet well after bathing and allow to air dry. Apply clean stockings daily

Soak feet in warm water with epsom salts,then abrade with pumice stone

Apply salicylic acid followed by foot powder.

Athlete's foot (also known as ringworm of the foot and tinea pedis is a fungal infection of the skin that causes scaling, flaking, and itch of affected areas, is caused by fungi in the genus Trichophyton. While it is typically transmitted in moist communal areas where people walk barefoot, such as showers or bathhouses, the disease requires a warm moist environment, such as the inside of a shoe, in order to incubate. Because of this the fungus only affects approximately 0.75% of habitually (frequently) barefoot people. "B" is the best answer.

Explanation

Athlete's foot (also known as ringworm of the foot and tinea pedis is a fungal infection of the skin that causes scaling, flaking, and itch of affected areas, is caused by fungi in the genus Trichophyton. While it is typically transmitted in moist communal areas where people walk barefoot, such as showers or bathhouses, the disease requires a warm moist environment, such as the inside of a shoe, in order to incubate. Because of this the fungus only affects approximately 0.75% of habitually (frequently) barefoot people. "B" is the best answer.

39. Considered by CDC to be one of a number of potential agents for use in biological terrorism.

Bacillus anthracis

Candida albicans

Tubercle bacillus

Escherichia coli

Foundations, p. 270

Explanation

Foundations, p. 270

40. Chux

Bed lining

Adult diapers

Waterproof pads

Linen

Foundations, page 465

Explanation

Foundations, page 465

41. Principles for Medical Asepsis for Bed making. Select all that apply:

Keep soiled linens away from uniform

Use specialized room deodorants to keep linen smelling fresh

Place soiled linens in hamper or plastic bag

Never placed soiled linens on the floor

Remove unneeded equipment and maintain a neat work area

Foundations, page 465 - DO NOT USE DEODORANTS. PATIENT COULD REACT NEGATIVELY

Explanation

Foundations, page 465 - DO NOT USE DEODORANTS. PATIENT COULD REACT NEGATIVELY

Submit

42. When caring for a cancer patient who also has aids, which protective measure should be used?

None

Glove, gown and mask

Gloves

Standard precaution

AIDS and CANCER without other complications do not require more than standard precautions.

Explanation

AIDS and CANCER without other complications do not require more than standard precautions.

43. To shave a client with a safety razor, the nurse should first:

Apply shaving cream to the face

Put lotion on the skin

Put on clean gloves

Shave in short, firm strokes

Wearing gloves is standard precaution. Do it first

Explanation

Wearing gloves is standard precaution. Do it first

44. When doing an indwelling catheter for males, what is the recommended length of a catheter inserted in the patient's genitals?

7-9 inches

8-10 cm

9-10 inches

7-9 cm

The recommended length of a catheter inserted in a male patient's genitals is 7-9 inches. This length ensures that the catheter reaches the bladder and allows for proper drainage of urine. It is important to use the appropriate length to minimize discomfort and potential complications during the catheterization procedure.

Explanation

The recommended length of a catheter inserted in a male patient's genitals is 7-9 inches. This length ensures that the catheter reaches the bladder and allows for proper drainage of urine. It is important to use the appropriate length to minimize discomfort and potential complications during the catheterization procedure.

45. Which of the following statements about Infection and Inflammation is true?

Infection and Inflammation share some common signs and symptoms

Inflammation always involve infection

Infection always involve inflammation

The signs of infection are the same signs of inflammation

Foundations p. 274

Explanation

Foundations p. 274

46. When assessing the skin of a patient with dark skin, it is best to have which source of light?

Halogen

Fluorescent

Soft

Sunlight

Foundations, page 474

Explanation

Foundations, page 474

47. A Nurse is changing a patient's pressure ulcer dressing using a sterile technique. Which of the following is incorrect?

Remove old dressing with sterile gloves

Irrigate wound from top to bottom

Pack the wound with a sterile cotton swab

Tape dressing to allow patient movement

Old dressings should be removed with clean gloves and not sterile gloves. Irrigating wound from top to bottom is a correct procedure and so are the other two interventions.

Explanation

Old dressings should be removed with clean gloves and not sterile gloves. Irrigating wound from top to bottom is a correct procedure and so are the other two interventions.

48. The nurse is preparing to give oral care to an unconscious patient. How should the nurse proceed?

Put the bed in high Fowler's position before beginning

Lower the head of the bed, and place the client in side-lying position.

Put the client in Fowler's position, then turn head to the side

Place the client supine with head lowered

For an unconscious patient, avoiding client aspiration or choking is of primary concern. The side-lying position is the most appropriate position to do this.

Explanation

For an unconscious patient, avoiding client aspiration or choking is of primary concern. The side-lying position is the most appropriate position to do this.

49. Which of the following statements about HOT water tub bath is NOT TRUE?

113-115 degrees Fahrenheit (45-46 degrees Centigrade)

Do not use for patients with neurological disorders

Procedure is recommended for everyone

Do not use for patients with circulatory impairment

page 440 - PROCEDURE IS NOT RECOMMENDED FOR CHILDREN

Explanation

page 440 - PROCEDURE IS NOT RECOMMENDED FOR CHILDREN

50. When giving a patient a tub bath, how often do you need to check on the patient and how long should the patient remain in the tub?

Check every 5 minutes. not more than 20 minutes

Check every 10 minutes. not more than 30 minutes

Check every 15 minutes. not more than an hour

Check every 5 minutes. not more than 10 minutes

Foundations, p. 446, letter "h".

Explanation

Foundations, p. 446, letter "h".

51. For a client confined to bed, which nursing activity is a part of the routine "hour of sleep" care but not for "early morning" care?

Providing a back massage

Providing a bed pan or urinal

Changing the linen

Washing the face and hands.

Providing a back massage is appropriate to enhance patient relaxation. It is a good intervention to help the patient sleep and is not appropriate for early morning care since a patient needs to be awakened at that time.

Explanation

Providing a back massage is appropriate to enhance patient relaxation. It is a good intervention to help the patient sleep and is not appropriate for early morning care since a patient needs to be awakened at that time.

52. Which would be the best way to position a bedpan for a patient who is able to assist with the procedure?

Ask patient to raise buttocks of the bed while nurse slides bedpan under him

Assist patient to a sitting position on the bedpan on the side of the bed.

Ask patient to roll over and position the bed pan on his buttocks and have him roll over onto it.

Ask patient to get out of bed and use a bedside commode.

"A" is the best method. Sitting on the side of the bed could cause skin friction and run the risk for bed sores. Rolling over is effective but it is not the easiest thing to do. The last choice does not address the question focused on elimination while on the bed.

Explanation

"A" is the best method. Sitting on the side of the bed could cause skin friction and run the risk for bed sores. Rolling over is effective but it is not the easiest thing to do. The last choice does not address the question focused on elimination while on the bed.

53. Based on OSHA and CDC guidelines, when working with TB patients, what are the requirements for the respirators we use?

Have a filter efficiency of 50% or lower, obtain a face leakage of 5% or less

Have a filter efficiency of 95% or higher; obtain a face leakage of 10% or less

Have a filter efficiency of 100%; obtain a face leakage of not more than 5%

Have a filter efficiency of 75% or higher; obtain a face leakage of not less than 5%

Foundations, pages 290 and 291

Explanation

Foundations, pages 290 and 291

54. Anthrax infection occurs in three forms. What are they?

Perineal

Inhalation

Gastrointestinal

Cutaneous

Foundations, p. 269

Explanation

Foundations, p. 269

Submit

55. A nurse is suctioning secretions from a patient's nasal artificial airway. The nurse applies suction for no longer than:

3 seconds

10 seconds

30 seconds

1 minute

3 seconds is not enough. More than thirty seconds is too long to keep a patient from normal breathing. 10 seconds allows the nurse to remove secretions effectively and not interrupt the patient's normal breathing pattern for a long time.

Explanation

3 seconds is not enough. More than thirty seconds is too long to keep a patient from normal breathing. 10 seconds allows the nurse to remove secretions effectively and not interrupt the patient's normal breathing pattern for a long time.

56. After receiving a flu shot from the city hall for free, a patient developed shingles. It was learned later that one of the nurses who handled the syringes used for that day had shingles. It seems that the patient got the shingles through which fomite?

The nurse who handled the syringes.

The syringe

The city hall

The person who administered the flu shot

fomite is non-living; vector is living; both are vehicles for the transmission of pathogens

Explanation

fomite is non-living; vector is living; both are vehicles for the transmission of pathogens

57. If a nurse is allowed to clip a patient's toenails, which one of the following techniques would be recommended?

Clip nails as short as possible

Clip nails with square corners

Round off the edges of the nails

Clip the nails straight across.

Clipping the nails straight across is the best answer because it reduces the incidence of ingrown toenails. Clipping as short as possible may be painful. Square corners may catch on bed linens. Rounding off nails can predispose to ingrown nails.

Explanation

Clipping the nails straight across is the best answer because it reduces the incidence of ingrown toenails. Clipping as short as possible may be painful. Square corners may catch on bed linens. Rounding off nails can predispose to ingrown nails.

58. When doing an indwelling catheter for females, what is the recommended length of catheter inserted in the patient's genitals?

2-3 inches

3-4 inches

1-2 inches

2-3 centimeters

when urine starts to flow, push another 1 to 2 inches

Explanation

when urine starts to flow, push another 1 to 2 inches

59. As a result of sharing a needle with an HIV-positive person (Person A). Person B becomes infected. In the chain of infection before a person, B became infected, what was the reservoir?

Person A

Person B

The dirty needle

The hole made by inserting the needle into Person B's skin

Person A is the originator of the disease.

Explanation

Person A is the originator of the disease.

60. Responsible for more diseases than any other organism.

Streptococcus bacterium

Staphylococcus aureus

Rocky Mountain

Clostridium

Foundations, p. 269

Explanation

Foundations, p. 269

61. When removing a patient's gown and/or undergarment, which of the following statements is not true?

Begin removal of the gown from an unaffected side

If patient has an IV, remove gown from the arm without the IV first

Disconnect a tubing before undressing a patient to avoid complications

Assess patient's comfort and/or pain while changing a patient's gown or undergarment

Foundations, p. 441 - DO NOT DISCONNECT TUBING.

Explanation

Foundations, p. 441 - DO NOT DISCONNECT TUBING.

62. A postoperative bed is usually:

Closed

Empty

Full

Open

Foundations, page 465

Explanation

Foundations, page 465

63. Immunity obtained as a result of experiencing an illness is known as:

Active natural immunity

Passive natural immunity

Active acquired immunity

Passive acquired immunity

Active immunity results from the development of antibodies in response to an antigen, as from exposure to an infectious disease or through vaccination. Passive immunity results from the transmission of antibodies, as from mother to fetus through the placenta or by the injection of antiserum. Acquired when it is introduced to our system from external factors. Natural are intrinsic factors within our system.

Explanation

Active immunity results from the development of antibodies in response to an antigen, as from exposure to an infectious disease or through vaccination. Passive immunity results from the transmission of antibodies, as from mother to fetus through the placenta or by the injection of antiserum. Acquired when it is introduced to our system from external factors. Natural are intrinsic factors within our system.

64. What kind of patients are at risk for pressure ulcer because of chemical irritation?

Immobile

Incontinent

Dyspneic

Disabled

Foundations, p. 449

Explanation

Foundations, p. 449

65. What is the recommended frequency for catheter care for patients with indwelling catheters?

Once per shift

Twice daily

Every other day

Every time the urinary bag is full

Foundations, page 458

Explanation

Foundations, page 458

66. A nonspecific body defense "against infection"

Phagocytes

Inflammatory process

Antibodies

Cellular immunity

The inflammatory process is a nonspecific body because it is a process. Phagocytes and Antibodies are specific agents that defend the body against foreign elements. Cellular immunity refers to a cellular quality.

Explanation

The inflammatory process is a nonspecific body because it is a process. Phagocytes and Antibodies are specific agents that defend the body against foreign elements. Cellular immunity refers to a cellular quality.

67. A female client refuses bath in the hospital unless they allow her to do it alone. Which of the following might have influenced this client's hygienic practice?

Environment

Personal preference

Culture

Religion

Culture is the best answer.

Explanation

Culture is the best answer.

68. Factors that determine a pathogen's ability to produce disease.

Strength of microorganism

Number of microorganisms

Effectiveness of a person's immune system

Length of exposure to the microorganism

Shape of the microorganism

Foundations, page 268

Explanation

Foundations, page 268

Submit

69. A patient suffering from a common cold asks, "What is going on with me?" Which of the following is NOT AN APPROPRIATE RESPONSE?

There are no medicines that can cure the common cold

Let me give you an antibiotic to help relieve your symptoms

The common cold is normally caused by virus

What you have is self limiting. It will run its course.

Foundations, p. 271

Explanation

Foundations, p. 271

70. If a patient says that he has an urge to defecate after the nurse begins to administer a tap-water enema, what should the nurse do?

Adjust tube location while maintaining fluid fow

Lower enema bag while instructing patient to breathe deeply

Reassure patient that discomfort would be gone shortly

Immediately discontinue procedure to allow patient bowel evacuation.

This may delay the patient's urge to defecate. Maintaining fluid flow increases patient's urge. Patient is likely to lose control of his bowels if nurse does not adjust flow rate. Discontinuing intervention is done if prescribed amount of fluid has been given

Explanation

This may delay the patient's urge to defecate. Maintaining fluid flow increases patient's urge. Patient is likely to lose control of his bowels if nurse does not adjust flow rate. Discontinuing intervention is done if prescribed amount of fluid has been given

71. Warm Water Tub Bath.

Reduce muscle tension

112 degrees Fahrenheit (44.44 degrees Centigrade)

Scalding

109.4 degrees Fahrenheit (43 degrees Centigrade)

Foundations, p. 439

Explanation

Foundations, p. 439

Submit

72. Which of the following situations require that gown, mask, and gloves be worn by all persons entering the room.

Contact isolation

Enteric precaution

Strict isolation

Universal precaution

Strict isolation is used for diseases spread through the air and in some cases by contact. Patients must be placed in isolation to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. Those who are kept in strict isolation are often kept in a special room at the facility designed for that purpose. Such rooms are equipped with a special lavatory and care giving equipment, and a sink and waste disposal are provided for workers upon leaving the area.

Explanation

Strict isolation is used for diseases spread through the air and in some cases by contact. Patients must be placed in isolation to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. Those who are kept in strict isolation are often kept in a special room at the facility designed for that purpose. Such rooms are equipped with a special lavatory and care giving equipment, and a sink and waste disposal are provided for workers upon leaving the area.

73. Which of the following statements on COOL WATER BATH is true?

96.8 degrees Fahrenheit (36 degrees Centigrade)

98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Centigrade)

Use cold water

Cool water tub bath does not relieve tension

Foundations, page 439

Explanation

Foundations, page 439

74. During a bed bath, a chance for infection is best reduced by:

Change water after washing each leg.

Using separate wash clothes for each eye

Thoroughly rinse and dry all skin folds.

Use clean gloves before starting the bath

Using separate wash clothes for each eye prevents spread of organisms from one eye to another. It is the best answer. Rinsing and drying skin folds reduce skin irritation more than prevent infection. Use of clean gloves is protective and part of a standard precaution. There is no need to change water after washing each leg.

Explanation

Using separate wash clothes for each eye prevents spread of organisms from one eye to another. It is the best answer. Rinsing and drying skin folds reduce skin irritation more than prevent infection. Use of clean gloves is protective and part of a standard precaution. There is no need to change water after washing each leg.

75. What is the time range for an effective back rub?

5-10 minutes

30-45 seconds

3-5 minutes

15-20 minutes

Foundations, p. 448

Explanation

Foundations, p. 448

76. Which of the following is not a normal urinary trait?

Pale, straw color or amber

Specific gravity of 1.030

Transparent at time of voiding

Negative results when tested for protein, glucose, ketone bodies, red blood cells, WBC and bacteria

Foundations, page 466. Normal Specific gravity for urine is 1.010 to 1.025

Explanation

Foundations, page 466. Normal Specific gravity for urine is 1.010 to 1.025

77. A nurse notes the following orders on the care plan of a patient on enteric isolation with a decubitus ulcer. Which of the following orders should the nurse question or ask clarification?

Assess wound measurement once a week

Use a mask when changing heavily soiled linen

Restrict visitors

Educate patient on how to take care of wounds.

Enteric isolation refers to the avoidance of any contact with bodily fluids of a patient due to pathogens or chemotherapy treatment that can be transmitted via these fluids. Provided visitors observe the right contact precautions, there is no reason to restrict them from seeing the patient.

Explanation

Enteric isolation refers to the avoidance of any contact with bodily fluids of a patient due to pathogens or chemotherapy treatment that can be transmitted via these fluids. Provided visitors observe the right contact precautions, there is no reason to restrict them from seeing the patient.

78. Which of the following are major sites for health-care-associated infections?

Urinary and Respiratory Tract

Blood Stream

Scalp and finger nails

Surgical or Traumatic wounds

Foundations, p. 307

Explanation

Foundations, p. 307

Submit

79. Match the hygiene care schedule on the left with a description of what is done on the right.

Early morning Care

Morning Care

Afternoon Care

Evening Care

Foundations, p. 435, Box 18-2

Explanation

Foundations, p. 435, Box 18-2

Submit

80. When a patient receives oxygen through a nasal cannula or has a nasogastric tube, how often should the nares be cleansed?

Every 2 hours

Once every shift

Every 8 hours

Once a day

p. 461

Explanation

p. 461

81. Ways are which a bacterial infection is transmitted from person to person.

Person to person by direct contact

Indirect contact with articles contaminated with the pathogen

Ingestion of contaminated food and drink

Inhalation of droplet nuclei

Foundations, p. 269

Explanation

Foundations, p. 269

Submit

82. Which of the following statements about SPORES is not true?

A round body formed by bacterium when conditions are unfavorable for growth of bacterium

Spore enlarges until it is as large as the bacterial cell and is surrounded by a capsule

Spores remain dormant until environmental conditions become favorable for growth

Spores normally die when exposed to excessively high temperatures

Foundations, page 268

Explanation

Foundations, page 268

83. While giving a patient a tub bath, the patient complains of feeling weak and being dizzy. What do you have to do?

Cover the patient with a large towel and take him out immediately

Call for help.

Drain tub before patient gets out and place towel over patient's shoulder.

Drain the tub and allow the patient to sit still

p. 446, letter "J"

Explanation

p. 446, letter "J"

84. When doing a back rub, which of the following statements is true?

Start at the lumbar area in circular motion. Proceed towards the upper back and then the shoulders.

Start at the back of the neck. Use circular motion. Proceed towards the back of the spine.

Start on sacral area. Use circular motions. Stroke upwards towards shoulders.

You can practically start anywhere

Foundations, p. 447, Number 14-e

Explanation

Foundations, p. 447, Number 14-e

85. When a patient is suffering from DVT, what is AN IMPROPER way of providing hygiene?

Use circular strokes for patients with hypercoagulation disorder

Bathe the lower extremities with circular, gentle strokes

Never massage lower extremities to prevent embolus

Use warm water when requested

Foundations, p. 443 - Bathing lower extremities with patients suffering from DVT is contraindicated

Explanation

Foundations, p. 443 - Bathing lower extremities with patients suffering from DVT is contraindicated

86. Match the type of precaution on the left with an example or description on the right.

Standard Precaution

Airborne Precation

Droplet Precaution

Tuberculosis Isolation

Contact Precaution

Foundations, p. 286

Explanation

Foundations, p. 286

Submit

87. Back rub is contraindicated in patients with what kind of condition?

Fractures of the ribs or vertebral column

Pulmonary embolism

Patients with contagious disease

Burns and open wounds

Foundations, page 448. You can do a back rub to a patient with a contagious disease provided you observe the specified precaution.

Explanation

Foundations, page 448. You can do a back rub to a patient with a contagious disease provided you observe the specified precaution.

Submit

88. Which of the following are examples of Sterilization?

Steam under pressure

Boiling Water

Radiation

Dry Heat

page 303, Box 12-13

Explanation

page 303, Box 12-13

Submit

89. After exposure to bloodborne pathogens, what should a nurse do next?

Begin a post-exposure prophylaxis within 24 hours

Require the source individual to be tested for HIV/hepatitis

Test the exposed person for hepatitis immunity

Complete an injury report if the exposure requires treatment

This is according to CDC protocol

Explanation

This is according to CDC protocol

90. Medicated Bath. Select all that apply:

Oatmeal and corn starch

Primarily used to enhance beauty

Burrow's solution

Soda Bicarbonate

Helps reduce tension, relax the patient, and relieve pruritus

Foundation page 440

Explanation

Foundation page 440

Submit

91. A nurse is caring for a patient with a low White Blood Cell count, has prostate cancer, and has been receiving chemotherapy for the past 5 months. Which of the following should be implemented for this patient?

There should be no raw fruits, flowers or vegetables in his room

Patient should not receive any injections at this time

Patient should use mask when transported through the hospital

Protective isolation

With a low WBC count, the patient's immunity is also low needing protective isolation precaution. Due to low immunity, a patient needs to wear a mask for his protection when transported within the hospital. Fresh fruits, vegetables, and flowers may increase the risk of infection for this patient. Avoiding injections however belongs to hemorrhagic (bleeding) precautions.

Explanation

With a low WBC count, the patient's immunity is also low needing protective isolation precaution. Due to low immunity, a patient needs to wear a mask for his protection when transported within the hospital. Fresh fruits, vegetables, and flowers may increase the risk of infection for this patient. Avoiding injections however belongs to hemorrhagic (bleeding) precautions.

Submit

92. When giving a patient a towel bath, where do you start?

Head

Eyes

Feet

Arms

Foundations, p. 445

Explanation

Foundations, p. 445

93. Match the different bed positions on the left with their uses on the right.

Fowlers

Semi-fowlers

Trendelenburg's

Reverse Trendelenburg's

Flat

Foundations, p. 438, Table 18-1

Explanation

Foundations, p. 438, Table 18-1

Submit

94. Methods of donning sterile gloves. Select all that apply:

Open

Surgical

Aseptic

Closed

Foundations, p. 298

Explanation

Foundations, p. 298

Submit

95. Match the pressure ulcer stage on the left with a description/definition on the right

Suspected deep tissue injury

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Unstageable

Foundations, page 450

Explanation

Foundations, page 450

Submit

96. Hygiene Practices for Older Adults.

Drape to prevent chilling and provide for modesty

Always use strong detergents and bath as frequently as possible

Older adults have hair all over. Shave more than once a day

Incontinence of urine or stool is not an expected result of the aging process.

Foundations, page 437

Explanation

Foundations, page 437

Submit

97. Which of the following are considered universal precautions?

Wear clean gloves when touching body fluids

Wear sterile gloves when touching body secretions

Wash hands before putting on gloves

Wear an eye mask only if not wearing glasses

Wear a clean gown when changing a draining wound dressing

the other choices which are not listed as universal precautions are either standard precautions or sterile techniques.

Explanation

the other choices which are not listed as universal precautions are either standard precautions or sterile techniques.

Submit