Stroke Quiz

A CT scan is indeed one of the first interventions used to determine stroke type. This is because a CT scan can provide detailed images of the brain, allowing healthcare professionals to identify the location and extent of any damage or abnormalities. By analyzing these images, they can differentiate between ischemic strokes (caused by a blocked blood vessel) and hemorrhagic strokes (caused by bleeding in the brain), which require different treatment approaches. Therefore, it is true that a CT scan is often utilized as an initial diagnostic tool for determining stroke type.

Hypertension is considered to be a modifiable risk for stroke because it can be controlled and managed through lifestyle changes and medication. High blood pressure puts strain on the blood vessels, increasing the risk of blood clots and narrowing of arteries, which can lead to a stroke. By effectively managing and treating hypertension, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of experiencing a stroke.

A stroke is a medical condition that occurs when the blood supply to the brain is disrupted, either due to a blockage or a rupture of a blood vessel. The sudden onset of symptoms is a key characteristic of a stroke, as it distinguishes it from other conditions that may have gradual or progressive symptoms. This sudden onset can include symptoms such as weakness or numbness on one side of the body, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, severe headache, and loss of coordination. Therefore, the statement "The single most common characteristic of a stroke is a sudden onset of symptoms" is true.

When the brain is deprived of oxygen, it leads to a condition called hypoxia. Hypoxia causes brain cells to become damaged and eventually die. Unlike other cells in the body, brain cells do not have the ability to regenerate or be replaced. Therefore, any brain tissue that dies due to oxygen deprivation is permanently lost and cannot be restored. This is why it is crucial to ensure a constant supply of oxygen to the brain to maintain its proper functioning.

Age greater than 55 years is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for stroke because it is a characteristic that cannot be changed or controlled. As individuals age, the risk of stroke increases due to factors such as the natural aging process, the accumulation of other risk factors over time, and the gradual decline in overall health. Therefore, regardless of any lifestyle modifications or interventions, individuals above the age of 55 are more susceptible to experiencing a stroke compared to younger individuals.

The nursing protocol for signs and symptoms of stroke states that the head of the bed should be elevated at least 30 degrees. This is because elevating the head of the bed helps to promote proper blood flow to the brain and can help reduce intracranial pressure. It also helps to prevent aspiration and improve breathing in stroke patients.

tPA, also known as tissue Plasminogen activase, is indeed the only FDA approved treatment for acute ischemic stroke. This medication works by dissolving blood clots that are blocking blood flow to the brain, thus restoring blood flow and reducing the damage caused by the stroke. Other treatments, such as aspirin or anticoagulants, may be used in certain cases, but tPA is the only treatment specifically approved by the FDA for this condition. Therefore, the statement is true.

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The F.A.S.T. acronym is used to assess the symptoms of stroke. It stands for Face, Arms, Speech, and Time. Airway is not part of the F.A.S.T. acronym and is therefore the incorrect option.

The NIH Stroke Scale measures the level of impairment in patients suspected to have a stroke. It is a standardized tool used by healthcare professionals to assess the severity of stroke symptoms and determine the appropriate course of treatment. This scale evaluates various neurological functions such as consciousness, language skills, motor abilities, and sensory perception. By assessing the level of impairment, healthcare providers can make informed decisions regarding the management and care of stroke patients.

According to the new Stroke protocol, a blood glucose level is warranted for all patients suspected of having a stroke, regardless of whether they are diabetic or not.

Patients suspected of having a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) are typically placed on oxygen to ensure adequate oxygenation to the brain. The saturation level of oxygen (sats) should remain above 95% in these patients. This is because maintaining oxygen levels above 95% helps to prevent further damage to the brain and promotes healing. Lower oxygen saturation levels can lead to hypoxia, which can worsen the condition and increase the risk of complications. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain sats above 95% in stroke or TIA patients.

The correct answer includes all of the warning signs of a stroke. Sudden weakness, gradually trouble talking or slurred speech, sudden severe headache, and sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes are all common symptoms of a stroke. It is important to recognize these signs and seek medical attention immediately as strokes can be life-threatening.

The LPN can help the RN begin oxygen therapy, place the patient NPO (nothing by mouth), and keep the temperature as normal as possible. These interventions do not require advanced nursing skills and can be safely performed by the LPN under the supervision of the RN. The LPN may not be qualified to complete the NIH stroke screen, as this may require more specialized training or assessment skills.

Patients with peripheral artery disease, bleeding disorders, liver disease, taking aspirin, and cocaine use may be susceptible to having a stroke. Peripheral artery disease is a condition where there is a narrowing or blockage of the arteries that supply blood to the legs and feet, increasing the risk of stroke. Bleeding disorders can lead to abnormal bleeding, including bleeding in the brain, which can cause a stroke. Liver disease can disrupt the blood clotting process, increasing the risk of stroke. Taking aspirin can increase the risk of bleeding, which can lead to a stroke. Cocaine use can cause blood vessels to constrict, leading to increased blood pressure and a higher risk of stroke.