Ocular Pharm Mt 1: Local Anesthetics

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  • 1/14 Questions

    Local topical anesthetics stabalize neuronal membranes so the neuron is less permeable to ions, preventing the intiation and transmission of nerve impulses.

    • True
    • False
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About This Quiz

This quiz titled 'Ocular Pharm MT 1: Local Anesthetics' assesses knowledge on the mechanism, types, and applications of local anesthetics in ocular procedures. It evaluates understanding of pharmacodynamics, adverse effects, and correct applications, crucial for medical and pharmaceutical professionals.

Ocular Pharm Mt 1: Local Anesthetics - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    What should dtermine the readiness for surgery when using a local anesthetic?

    • Presence of akinesia

    • Presence of corneal anesthesia

    Correct Answer
    A. Presence of akinesia
    Explanation
    When local anesthetics are used for retrobulbar block, complete corneal anesthesia usually precedes onset of clinically acceptable external ocular akinesia.. Therefore the presence of akinesia RATHER THn anesthesia alone should determine readiness for surgery.

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  • 3. 

    How do local anesthetics work?

    • Increase potassium permeability, decreasing nerve threshold, slowing propagation of nerve impulses, reducing the rate of AP

    • Reduce potassium permeability, increasing nerve threshold, slowing propagation of nerve impulses, reducing the rate of AP

    • Increase sodium permeability, increasing nerve threshold, increasing propagation of nerve impulses, reducing the rate of AP

    • Reduce sodium permeability, increasing nerve threshold, slowing propagation of nerve impulses, reducing the rate of AP

    Correct Answer
    A. Reduce sodium permeability, increasing nerve threshold, slowing propagation of nerve impulses, reducing the rate of AP
    Explanation
    Local anesthetics work by reducing sodium permeability, which means that they decrease the flow of sodium ions into the nerve cells. This in turn increases the nerve threshold, making it more difficult for the nerve to generate an action potential. By slowing the propagation of nerve impulses, local anesthetics effectively block the transmission of pain signals from reaching the brain, resulting in a reduction in the rate of action potentials and ultimately providing pain relief.

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  • 4. 

    There is risk of cross reactivity between amide and ester local anesthetics.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    No risk of cross reactivity between amides and esters

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  • 5. 

    Tetracaine is much more potent than proparacaine. However, both have a reapid onset of anesthesia beginning within 10-30 seconds.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Proparacaine and tetracaine are equipotent. Both have a rapid onset of action within 10-30 sceonds following instillation in the eye.

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  • 6. 

    Local anesthetics have realtively low systemic and oculary toxicty due to their sufficiently long duration of action, stability in solutio and minimal interference with the action of other drugs.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement is true because local anesthetics have low systemic and ocular toxicity. This is attributed to their long duration of action, stability in solution, and minimal interference with the action of other drugs.

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  • 7. 

    Esters have ___ 'i' and amides have ___ 'i'

    Correct Answer
    1, 2
    Explanation
    Esters have one 'i' and amides have two 'i'. This refers to the number of carbon atoms bonded to the oxygen atom in the functional group. In esters, there is one carbon atom bonded to the oxygen atom, while in amides, there are two carbon atoms bonded to the oxygen atom. This structural difference between esters and amides is what distinguishes them from each other.

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  • 8. 

    Topical anesthetics should be used with caution in people with hypothyroidism

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    use with caution for people with hyperthyroidism

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  • 9. 

    Local anesthetics are used to produce facial nerve block, retrobulbar/peribulbar anesthesia, and for eyelid infiltration.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Local anesthetics are commonly used in various procedures involving the face and eyes. Facial nerve block, retrobulbar/peribulbar anesthesia, and eyelid infiltration are all techniques that utilize local anesthetics to numb specific areas and reduce pain during procedures. Therefore, the statement that local anesthetics are used for these purposes is true.

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  • 10. 

    Indicate the warning signs of serious cardiovascular reaction.

    • Sweating

    • Feeling faint

    • Changes in pulse

    • Changes in sensorium

    • Vomitting

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Sweating
    A. Feeling faint
    A. Changes in pulse
    A. Changes in sensorium
    Explanation
    The warning signs of a serious cardiovascular reaction include sweating, feeling faint, changes in pulse, and changes in sensorium. Sweating is a common symptom of a cardiovascular issue as the body tries to regulate its temperature. Feeling faint can indicate a drop in blood pressure or inadequate blood flow to the brain. Changes in pulse, such as a rapid or irregular heartbeat, can be a sign of a cardiovascular problem. Changes in sensorium, which refers to alterations in consciousness or mental status, may occur due to reduced blood flow to the brain. Vomiting can also be a symptom of a cardiovascular reaction, although it is not specifically mentioned in the question.

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  • 11. 

    Choose all the potential adverse affects for local anesthetics.

    • CNS depression only

    • CNS stimulation followed by CNS depression

    • Potential respiratory depression

    • Nausea/vomiting

    • Delirum

    • Convulsions

    • Mydriasis

    • Miosis

    • CV collapse

    • Insomnia

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. CNS stimulation followed by CNS depression
    A. Potential respiratory depression
    A. Nausea/vomiting
    A. Delirum
    A. Convulsions
    A. Mydriasis
    A. CV collapse
    Explanation
    mostly due to injectable forms

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  • 12. 

    What are the steps that should be taken if you suspect a patient may experience cardiovascular catastrophe?

  • 13. 

    Describe the rare yet severe intermediate-type allergic corneal reaction to tetracaine and proparacaine.

Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Aug 28, 2023 +

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  • Current Version
  • Aug 28, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Apr 09, 2012
    Quiz Created by
    Tseemore
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