Jarvis Questions On Nutritional Assessment! Quiz

A BMI (Body Mass Index) of 27 is considered to be overweight. BMI is a measure of body fat based on height and weight. A BMI between 25 and 29.9 is classified as overweight, indicating that a person has excess body weight compared to their height.

Individuals with DM (Diabetes Mellitus) are twice as likely to have nutritional deficits. This is because diabetes can affect the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels, leading to complications such as poor absorption of nutrients, increased excretion of certain vitamins and minerals, and reduced appetite. Additionally, people with diabetes may have dietary restrictions or difficulties in maintaining a balanced diet, which can further contribute to nutritional deficits. Therefore, it is true that individuals with DM are more likely to experience nutritional deficits.

Pasqual and Santos, being new immigrants who do not speak English, may face challenges in accessing and understanding information about proper nutrition in the U.S. Additionally, their heavy workload as fishermen may lead to inadequate time and resources for obtaining nutritious meals. These factors, combined with their depleted nutritional reserves, put them at a higher risk for undernutrition, which refers to a lack of essential nutrients in the diet.

Amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstrual flow. It is a condition that occurs when a woman does not have her period for several months or more. It can be caused by various factors, including nutritional deficiency, hormonal imbalances, excessive exercise, stress, and certain medical conditions. Nutritional deficiency is one of the possible causes of amenorrhea, as it can disrupt the normal hormonal balance in the body and affect the menstrual cycle. Therefore, the correct answer is "Absence of menstrual flow."

Culture plays a significant role in shaping people's food choices and eating habits. Different cultures have their own unique dietary preferences, cooking methods, and food traditions. Therefore, the 3-day food records can be influenced by culture as individuals may consume specific foods or follow certain dietary practices that are specific to their cultural background.

The statement "Is performed for all patients" is not true regarding the comprehensive nutritional assessment. The comprehensive nutritional assessment is not performed for all patients, but rather for those who are at risk of malnutrition or have specific nutritional needs. It includes a variety of components such as dietary history, clinical information, physical examination, anthropometric measures, and laboratory tests, which help to evaluate the nutritional status of an individual.

A nutritional assessment is a comprehensive evaluation of an individual's nutritional status. It involves identifying individuals who are malnourished, providing data for designing a nutrition plan of care to prevent or minimize malnutrition, identifying those at risk for malnutrition, and establishing baseline data for evaluating the efficacy of nutritional care. Therefore, the purpose of a nutritional assessment includes all of the given options, and none of the options are excluded.

Cachexia is a condition characterized by severe weight loss and muscle wasting. People who are cachectic typically have a significant reduction in both fat and muscle mass. This can be caused by various underlying medical conditions, such as cancer, chronic infections, or certain chronic diseases. Therefore, the statement "Has fat and muscle wasting" accurately describes someone who is cachectic.

The correct answer is "Percent body weight = (current weight/usual weight) x 100" because it accurately represents the calculation of percent body weight. It divides the current weight by the usual weight and then multiplies it by 100 to get the percentage.

The 24-hour recall method is the easiest and most popular method for obtaining information about dietary intake. This method involves asking individuals to recall all the foods and beverages they consumed in the past 24 hours. It is considered easy because it does not require individuals to keep track of their dietary intake over a longer period of time like a food diary or questionnaire. Additionally, it is popular because it can provide a snapshot of an individual's typical dietary patterns and is less time-consuming compared to other methods like direct observation.

African descent individuals are more prone to sickle-cell anemia. This is because sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder that primarily affects people of African descent. It is caused by a mutation in the gene responsible for producing hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells. The mutation leads to the production of abnormal hemoglobin, causing the red blood cells to become misshapen and prone to getting stuck in blood vessels. While individuals of other ethnicities can also inherit the sickle cell trait, the risk and severity of the disease are highest among those of African descent.

The statement "In adults, obesity is defined as a BMI of 25 or more" is not true because in adults, obesity is defined as a BMI of 30 or more. A BMI of 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight, not obese.

The given answer "All of the above" is correct because rickets is indeed a sign of vitamin D and calcium deficiencies, it is marked by disorders of cartilage cell growth, it can lead to osteomalacia in adults, and it results in a bowlegged appearance.

The appropriate approach for nutrition screening of the elderly is the Nutritional Screening Initiative. This initiative is specifically designed to assess the nutritional status of older adults and identify any potential nutritional deficiencies or risks. It involves the use of validated screening tools and assessments to evaluate various aspects of an individual's diet, including their intake of essential nutrients, food preferences, and any barriers to adequate nutrition. By implementing this initiative, healthcare professionals can effectively identify and address the unique nutritional needs of elderly individuals, promoting their overall health and well-being.

Black women typically have lower hemoglobin levels than white women. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. It plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and well-being. Multiple studies have shown that there is a racial disparity in hemoglobin levels, with black women having lower levels compared to white women. This difference may be attributed to various factors such as genetics, diet, and socio-economic factors. However, it is important to note that individual variations exist within each racial group, and these findings are based on general trends.

The total lymphocyte count lab test does not measure cell volume. It is a test commonly used to assess immune function and cellular immune function. It is also an indicator of visceral protein status.

The correct answer is "This suggests a risk for coronary artery disease." This is because hematocrit is not directly related to coronary artery disease. Hematocrit is a measure of the percentage of red blood cells in the total blood volume and is used to evaluate conditions such as anemia or dehydration. It is not a specific indicator of coronary artery disease.

Marasmus is a severe form of malnutrition caused by a deficiency in both calories and protein. It is characterized by extreme weight loss, muscle wasting, and a shrunken appearance. The condition can lead to various complications, including bowel obstruction and cancer cachexia, which is a wasting syndrome commonly associated with advanced cancer. Therefore, the given answer stating that Marasmus can lead to bowel obstruction and cancer cachexia is correct.