Aiims Physiology - 10 Past Questions

Estrous cycle happens in animals !

Chymotrypsinogen is classified as a zymogen because it is an inactive precursor form of the enzyme chymotrypsin. Zymogens are synthesized and stored in cells until they are needed, at which point they are activated by specific cleavage of peptide bonds to become active enzymes. In the case of chymotrypsinogen, it is converted into the active enzyme chymotrypsin by cleavage of a specific peptide bond. This activation process is important for regulating the activity of enzymes and preventing them from causing damage or digesting their own cells.

Pregnancy is a high output state !

The correct answer is (SPB+2DBP)/3. Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) is calculated by taking the sum of the Systolic Blood Pressure (SPB) and twice the Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), and then dividing it by 3. This formula is used to estimate the average blood pressure in a person's arteries during a single cardiac cycle. By including both the systolic and diastolic pressures, the formula provides a more accurate representation of the overall pressure exerted on the arterial walls.

GPCR/serpentine receptors

Guanylyl cyclase is not a second messenger. Second messengers are molecules that transmit signals from the cell surface to the interior, amplifying and relaying the signal. cAMP, IP3, and diacylglycerol are all examples of second messengers, as they are involved in signal transduction pathways. Guanylyl cyclase, on the other hand, is an enzyme that produces the second messenger cyclic GMP (cGMP) in response to extracellular signals. Therefore, it is not a second messenger itself.

The glomerular oncotic pressure refers to the pressure exerted by proteins in the glomerular capillaries. The general oncotic pressure refers to the pressure exerted by proteins in the systemic circulation. In a normal situation, the glomerular oncotic pressure is lower than the general oncotic pressure. This is because some proteins are filtered out of the glomerular capillaries into the renal tubules, leading to a decrease in oncotic pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is "Glomerular oncotic pressure

During pregnancy, the uterus receives a rich blood supply to support the growing fetus. Uterine flow refers to the amount of blood flowing through the uterus per minute. At term, which is the final stage of pregnancy, the uterus requires a higher blood flow to meet the demands of the developing baby. The range of 350-375 ml/min is considered the correct answer because it represents the appropriate uterine flow at this stage.

During moderate exercise, blood flow to the brain remains unaffected. This is because the body's autoregulatory mechanisms work to maintain a constant blood flow to the brain regardless of the level of physical activity. These mechanisms ensure that the brain receives a steady supply of oxygen and nutrients, allowing it to function optimally during exercise. Therefore, the blood flow to the brain does not increase or decrease during moderate exercise, hence the answer is "No Effect".

Kinemyography (KMG) is a technique used for monitoring neuromuscular function. It involves the measurement and analysis of muscle movements and contractions to assess the function and activity of the neuromuscular system. KMG can provide valuable information about muscle strength, coordination, and response to stimuli, making it useful in various clinical and research settings. This technique helps in evaluating and diagnosing neuromuscular disorders, monitoring the progress of rehabilitation programs, and assessing the effects of interventions or treatments on muscle function.