Boli Chirurgicale - Hernii

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  • 1/35 Questions

    Strangularea parietală antimezocolică poarta denumirea de hernie:

    • Broсk
    • Gheselbah
    • Maydl
    • Riсhter
    • Littre
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Surgery Quizzes & Trivia
About This Quiz

This quiz titled 'Boli chirurgicale - Hernii' focuses on surgical conditions related to hernias. It assesses knowledge on characteristics of various hernias such as inguinal, femoral, and specific types like Littre and Richter. Essential for medical students and professionals.

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  • 2. 

    Care din următoarele caractere se găsesc în hernia inghinală directă:

    • Nu coboară niciodată în scrot

    • Este congenitală

    • Este mai frecvent unilaterală

    • Se strangulează foarte frecvent

    • Este o hernie de efort

    Correct Answer
    A. Nu coboară niciodată în scrot
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Nu coboară niciodată în scrot". This is because a direct inguinal hernia does not descend into the scrotum.

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  • 3. 

    Strangularea diverticulului Meckel poartă denumirea de hernie:

    • Riсhter

    • Maydl

    • Littre

    • Gheselbah

    • Broсk

    Correct Answer
    A. Littre
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Littre. Strangularea diverticulului Meckel refers to the strangulation of a diverticulum in the small intestine, specifically the Meckel's diverticulum. This condition is named after the French surgeon Alexis Littré, who first described it in the 17th century. The other options listed are not associated with this specific condition.

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  • 4. 

    Peretele posterior al canalului inghinal este reprezentat de:

    • Fascia transversalis

    • Oblicul intern

    • Tendonul conjunct

    • Arcada crurală

    • Oblicul extern

    Correct Answer
    A. Fascia transversalis
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Fascia transversalis. The posterior wall of the inguinal canal is formed by the fascia transversalis. This fascia is a fibrous layer that covers the inner surface of the abdominal wall and helps to provide support and protection to the structures within the inguinal canal. The oblique muscles (internal and external) are located anteriorly and do not contribute to the posterior wall of the canal. The conjoint tendon is a fusion of the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles and is also located anteriorly. The crural arch is a fibrous band that forms the lower border of the inguinal canal and is not part of the posterior wall.

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  • 5. 

    Alegeţi trei semne  clinice ale herniei inghinale directe:

    • Coboara in scrot

    • Forma sferica

    • Nu coboara in scrot

    • Mai frecvent apare la tineri

    • Frecvent este bilaterală

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Forma sferica
    A. Nu coboara in scrot
    A. Frecvent este bilaterală
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Forma sferica, Nu coboara in scrot, Frecvent este bilaterală." This is because a direct inguinal hernia typically presents as a spherical protrusion that does not descend into the scrotum. Additionally, direct inguinal hernias are more commonly bilateral, meaning they occur on both sides of the groin.

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  • 6. 

    În herniile inghinale oblice scopul major este plastia peretelui anterior al canalului inghinal. Cel mai frecvent este indicată metoda:

    • Bassini

    • Girard-Spasokukoţki cu sutura Kimbarovski

    • Postempski

    • Kukudjanov

    • Martânov

    Correct Answer
    A. Girard-Spasokukoţki cu sutura Kimbarovski
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Girard-Spasokukoţki cu sutura Kimbarovski. This method is commonly used for oblique inguinal hernias to repair the anterior wall of the inguinal canal.

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  • 7. 

    Cel mai frecvent herniaza:

    • Vezica urinara

    • Epiploonul

    • Colonul ascendent

    • Intestinul subtire

    • Prostata

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Epiploonul
    A. Intestinul subtire
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Epiploonul and Intestinul subtire. The question is asking which organ most commonly herniates, and the correct answers are the omentum (epiploonul) and the small intestine (intestinul subtire). Herniation occurs when an organ or tissue protrudes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue. The omentum and small intestine are particularly prone to herniation due to their mobility and the potential for weak spots in the abdominal wall.

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  • 8. 

    Durerea intr-o hernie necomplicata poate fi:

    • Sub forma de greutate sau jena dureroasa

    • Violenta

    • Colicativa

    • Se accentueaza la efort fizic

    • Poate fi absenta

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Sub forma de greutate sau jena dureroasa
    A. Se accentueaza la efort fizic
    A. Poate fi absenta
    Explanation
    The correct answer is a combination of three statements. The pain in an uncomplicated hernia can be in the form of a feeling of heaviness or discomfort, it can worsen with physical effort, and it can also be absent at times.

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  • 9. 

    Care din urmatoarele reprezinta complicatii ale herniilor?

    • Hernia Brock

    • Prostatita

    • Strangularea

    • Flegmonul herniar

    • Ireductibilitatea

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Strangularea
    A. Flegmonul herniar
    A. Ireductibilitatea
    Explanation
    The complications of hernias include strangulation, flegmonul herniar, and ireductibilitatea. Strangulation refers to the condition where the blood supply to the herniated tissue is cut off, leading to tissue death. Flegmonul herniar is a complication characterized by inflammation and infection of the herniated tissue. Ireductibilitatea refers to the inability to reduce or push the herniated tissue back into its normal position. These complications can cause severe pain, infection, and tissue damage, and may require surgical intervention.

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  • 10. 

    Gâtul herniei femurale tipice se găseşte:

    • Anterior de arcada crurală

    • Medial de vasele femurale

    • Lateral de vasele femurale

    • Posterior de vasele femurale

    • Medial de ligamentul Cooper

    Correct Answer
    A. Medial de vasele femurale
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Medial de vasele femurale" which translates to "Medial to the femoral vessels." This means that the hernia sac is located on the inside of the femoral vessels.

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  • 11. 

    Tratamentul conservator (bandajul) al unei hernii este indicat:

    • În caz de refuz categoric al pacientului

    • În orice tip de hernie

    • La bătrîni când starea generală contraindică intervenţia chirurgicală

    • În herniile ireductibile

    • În herniile inghinale congenitale

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. În caz de refuz categoric al pacientului
    A. La bătrîni când starea generală contraindică intervenţia chirurgicală
    Explanation
    The conservative treatment (bandage) of a hernia is indicated in cases where the patient categorically refuses surgery and in elderly patients when their general condition contraindicates surgical intervention. This means that if a patient refuses to undergo surgery for their hernia, or if they are elderly and their overall health is not suitable for surgery, the conservative treatment with a bandage can be used as an alternative. It is important to consider the patient's preferences and overall health when deciding on the appropriate treatment for a hernia.

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  • 12. 

    În care din următoarele situaţii sacul herniar lipseşte:

    • Hernie inghinală congenitală

    • Hernie ombilicală

    • Hernie inghinală prin clivaj

    • Hernie perineală

    • Hernie diafragmală posttraumatică

    Correct Answer
    A. Hernie diafragmală posttraumatică
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Hernie diafragmală posttraumatică. This is because a posttraumatic diaphragmatic hernia occurs as a result of a traumatic injury to the diaphragm, often caused by a severe blow or penetrating injury to the chest or abdomen. In this situation, the hernia sac is absent because the diaphragm has been directly damaged, allowing abdominal organs to protrude into the chest cavity. In contrast, the other types of hernias listed (congenital inguinal hernia, umbilical hernia, inguinal hernia through cleavage, perineal hernia) involve the presence of a hernia sac.

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  • 13. 

    Care din urmatoarele gesturi pot fi riscuri in hernia ireponibilă?

    • Palparea tumorii herniare

    • Interventia chirurgicală de urgentă

    • Reducerea prin taxis

    • Bandajul compresiv al porţii herniare

    • Radiografia abdominală de ansamblu

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Reducerea prin taxis
    A. Bandajul compresiv al porţii herniare
    Explanation
    Reducerea prin taxis și bandajul compresiv al porții herniare pot fi riscuri în cazul unei hernii ireductibile deoarece aceste gesturi pot exercita presiune sau tracțiune asupra țesuturilor herniate, ceea ce poate agrava hernia sau poate duce la strangularea herniei. Intervenția chirurgicală de urgență poate fi necesară în cazul unei hernii ireductibile pentru a evita complicațiile și a rezolva problema. Radiografia abdominală de ansamblu poate fi utilă pentru a confirma diagnosticul de hernie, dar nu reprezintă un gest care poate fi un risc în cazul unei hernii ireductibile.

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  • 14. 

    Sarcinile tratamentului chirurgical în herniile simple reponibile cuprind:

    • Eliminarea sacului

    • Repunerea conţinutului sacului herniar

    • Rezectia partială a epiploonului

    • Rezectia segmentară de intestin

    • Hernioplastia

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Eliminarea sacului
    A. Repunerea conţinutului sacului herniar
    A. Hernioplastia
    Explanation
    The correct answer includes three tasks that are typically performed during surgical treatment of reducible hernias: removal of the hernia sac, repositioning of the contents of the hernia sac, and hernioplasty (a surgical repair of the hernia using synthetic mesh or other materials). This combination of procedures helps to eliminate the hernia and prevent its recurrence.

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  • 15. 

    Cel mai frecvent utilizat procedeu de plastie în herniile femurale este:

    • Rudji

    • Zaţepin

    • Rudji-Parlavecio

    • Lexer

    • Bassini

    Correct Answer
    A. Bassini
    Explanation
    The most commonly used procedure for femoral hernias is the Bassini technique.

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  • 16. 

    În ocluziile intestinale prin strangulare se încadrează:

    • Ocluziile prin corpi străini intraperitoneali

    • Ocluziile prin volvulus

    • Ileusul biliar

    • Hernia strangulată

    • Ocluziile prin trihobezoari

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Ocluziile prin volvulus
    A. Hernia strangulată
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Ocluziile prin volvulus, Hernia strangulată". This is because both volvulus and hernia strangulată are conditions that can cause intestinal obstruction by strangulation. Volvulus occurs when a segment of the intestine twists around itself, leading to a blockage, while hernia strangulată occurs when a part of the intestine becomes trapped in a hernia sac, cutting off its blood supply and causing obstruction.

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  • 17. 

    Care dintre variantele de hernii enumerate sunt hernii externe?

    • Hernia femurală

    • Hernia ombilicală

    • Hernia diafragmală

    • Hernia lombară

    • Hernia inghino-scrotală

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Hernia femurală
    A. Hernia ombilicală
    A. Hernia lombară
    A. Hernia inghino-scrotală
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Hernia femurală, Hernia ombilicală, Hernia lombară, Hernia inghino-scrotală. These are all examples of external hernias, which occur when an organ or tissue protrudes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue. In the case of a femoral hernia, the protrusion occurs in the femoral canal, while an umbilical hernia occurs at the belly button. A lumbar hernia occurs in the lower back, and an inguinoscrotal hernia occurs in the groin and scrotal area.

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  • 18. 

    Procedeele chirurgicale de refacere a peretelui abdominal în hernii cuprind: 

    • Rezecţia organelor din sacul herniar

    • Rezecţia sacului herniar

    • Sutura colului sacului herniar

    • Autodermoplastia

    • Aloplastia

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Autodermoplastia
    A. Aloplastia
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Autodermoplastia and Aloplastia. These are two surgical procedures used in the reconstruction of the abdominal wall in hernias. Autodermoplastia refers to the use of the patient's own skin to repair the abdominal wall, while Aloplastia involves using synthetic materials or grafts to reconstruct the wall. These procedures are commonly used to strengthen the abdominal wall and prevent hernia recurrence.

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  • 19. 

    Locul II după frecvenţa strangulării îl ocupă hernia:

    • Femurală

    • Ombilicală

    • Inghinală directă

    • Inghinală oblică la bărbaţi

    • A liniei albe la copii

    Correct Answer
    A. Inghinală oblică la bărbaţi
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Inghinală oblică la bărbaţi". The question is asking for the second most frequent type of hernia after strangulation. The options provided are different types of hernias. Among these options, "Inghinală oblică la bărbaţi" refers to inguinal hernia in men, which is the correct answer.

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  • 20. 

    Diagnosticul diferenţial al herniei inghinoscrotale se face cu:

    • Hidrocelul

    • Varicocelul

    • Hernia perineală

    • Tumora testiculară

    • Hernia obturatorie

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Hidrocelul
    A. Varicocelul
    A. Tumora testiculară
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Hidrocelul, Varicocelul, Tumora testiculară. These conditions are included in the differential diagnosis of inguinoscrotal hernia. A hydrocele is a fluid-filled sac around the testicle, varicocele is the enlargement of veins within the scrotum, and testicular tumor refers to abnormal growth in the testicles. These conditions can present with similar symptoms as inguinoscrotal hernia, such as swelling or pain in the groin or scrotum. Therefore, it is important to consider these conditions when evaluating a patient with inguinoscrotal hernia to ensure an accurate diagnosis.

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  • 21. 

    Care din urmatoarele gesturi pot deveni riscuri si erori intr-o hernie strangulată?

    • Palparea tumorii herniare

    • Interventia chirurgicală programată

    • Reducerea prin taxis

    • Tactul rectal sau vaginal

    • Eliberarea la domiciliu din secţia de primire a unui bolnav dupa reducerea spontană a herniei

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Interventia chirurgicală programată
    A. Reducerea prin taxis
    A. Eliberarea la domiciliu din secţia de primire a unui bolnav dupa reducerea spontană a herniei
    Explanation
    The correct answer options all involve actions that can potentially increase the risk or lead to errors in a strangulated hernia. Interventia chirurgicală programată (scheduled surgery) can be risky if the hernia is already strangulated and immediate surgery is required. Reducerea prin taxis (reduction by taxis) can be dangerous if not performed correctly, as it may cause further damage to the hernia. Eliberarea la domiciliu din secţia de primire a unui bolnav dupa reducerea spontană a herniei (discharge from the receiving department after spontaneous reduction of the hernia) can be a mistake if the patient is not properly monitored and complications arise after the reduction.

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  • 22. 

    Selectaţi afirmaţiile corecte referitor la hernia inghinală prin alunecare pe stânga:

    • Porţile herniare sunt mari

    • Conţine întotdeauna numai intestin subţire

    • Colonul sigmoid face parte din sacul herniar

    • Nu se încarcerează niciodată

    • Uneori ajunge la dimensiuni mari

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Porţile herniare sunt mari
    A. Colonul sigmoid face parte din sacul herniar
    A. Uneori ajunge la dimensiuni mari
    Explanation
    The correct answer suggests that in left inguinal hernia, the hernia gates are large, the sigmoid colon is part of the hernia sac, and sometimes the hernia can reach large sizes. This means that the hernia can contain not only the small intestine but also the sigmoid colon, leading to potential complications and larger hernia sizes. It also implies that left inguinal hernias can vary in size and may occasionally become quite large.

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  • 23. 

    Dacă la deschiderea sacului herniar vom depista o ansă de culoare roşie închisă, destinsă, cu seroasa fără luciu şi cu sufuziuni în regiunea şanţului de strangulare vom constata:

    • Stadiul de congestie

    • Stadiul de ischemie

    • Stadiul de gangrenă

    • Stadiul de perforaţie

    • Ansă viabilă

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Stadiul de congestie
    A. Ansă viabilă
    Explanation
    If we detect a dark red, distended loop with a dull serosa and suffusions in the strangulation groove upon opening the hernia sac, we can conclude that it is in the stage of congestion. Additionally, if the loop is viable, it means that it is still alive and functioning properly.

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  • 24. 

    În herniile ombilicale cu inelul herniar până la 3 cm mai preferabilă este metoda:

    • Mayo

    • Bassini

    • Sapejko

    • Nici una dintre cele indicate

    • Lexer

    Correct Answer
    A. Lexer
    Explanation
    In umbilical hernias with a hernia ring up to 3 cm, the preferred method is Lexer.

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  • 25. 

    Care situaţii nu se încadrează în hernia Maydl ?

    • Care situaţii nu se încadrează în hernia Maydl ?

    • Când sacul herniar contine două anse intestinale strangulate

    • Hernierea diverticului Meckel

    • Hernia obturatorie

    • Strangularea parietală a intestinului

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Hernierea diverticului Meckel
    A. Hernia obturatorie
    A. Strangularea parietală a intestinului
    Explanation
    The correct answer is hernierea diverticului Meckel, hernia obturatorie, strangularea parietală a intestinului. These situations do not fit into the category of Maydl hernia. Maydl hernia refers to a type of hernia where the hernial sac contains two strangulated intestinal loops. Hernierea diverticului Meckel, hernia obturatorie, and strangularea parietală a intestinului are different types of hernias or conditions that do not involve the specific characteristics of Maydl hernia.

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  • 26. 

    Hernia Brock sau pseudostrangularea la un purtător de hernie poate avea loc în următoarele situaţii:

    • Colecistita acută

    • Pancreatita pseudotumorală

    • Ulcerul gastroduodenal perforat

    • Apendicita acută perforativă

    • Perforaţia atipică a ulcerului gastric

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Colecistita acută
    A. Ulcerul gastroduodenal perforat
    A. Apendicita acută perforativă
  • 27. 

    Care sunt semnele unei hernii strangulate ombilicale cu interesarea unei anse intestinale?

    • Tumoarea herniară este tensionată si dureroasă

    • Oprirea tranzitului pentru materii si gaze

    • Ireductibilitate aparută brusc

    • Durere la nivelul cordonului spermatic

    • Vărsaturi

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Tumoarea herniară este tensionată si dureroasă
    A. Oprirea tranzitului pentru materii si gaze
    A. Ireductibilitate aparută brusc
    A. Vărsaturi
    Explanation
    The signs of a strangulated umbilical hernia with involvement of an intestinal loop include a tense and painful hernia, cessation of bowel movements and gas, sudden irreducibility, and vomiting.

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  • 28. 

    Tranzitul intestinal este păstrat în următoarele forme ale herniilor strangulate:

    • Hernia Littre

    • Hernia Maydl

    • Hernia Broсk

    • Hernia Gheselbah

    • Hernia Riсhter

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Hernia Littre
    A. Hernia Broсk
    A. Hernia Riсhter
    Explanation
    The correct answer includes Hernia Littre, Hernia Broсk, and Hernia Riсhter. These are all forms of strangulated hernias that can occur in the intestinal transit.

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  • 29. 

    În stadiul de ischemie a unei hernii strangulate găsim următoarele semne:

    • Ansa destinsă, pronunţat cianotică

    • Tromboza venelor mezoului

    • Perete îngroşat cu false membrane pe suprafaţă

    • Lichid peritoneal purulent, fecaloid

    • Ansa eferentă palidă, colabată

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Ansa destinsă, pronunţat cianotică
    A. Tromboza venelor mezoului
    A. Perete îngroşat cu false membrane pe suprafaţă
    A. Ansa eferentă palidă, colabată
    Explanation
    In the ischemic stage of a strangulated hernia, the following signs can be observed: the dilated loop of intestine appears bluish due to lack of oxygen (cyanotic), there is thrombosis of the mesenteric veins, the wall of the intestine becomes thickened with the formation of false membranes on the surface, there is presence of purulent or fecaloid fluid in the peritoneal cavity, and the efferent loop of intestine appears pale and collapsed.

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  • 30. 

    Indicati trei semne ale herniei inghinale congenitale:

    • Lipseste debutul dureros

    • Se intîlteste numai la copii

    • Portile herniare sunt mari

    • Evolueaza intr-o hernie inghino-scrotala

    • Sacul herniar contine testicul

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Portile herniare sunt mari
    A. Evolueaza intr-o hernie inghino-scrotala
    A. Sacul herniar contine testicul
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Portile herniare sunt mari, Evolueaza intr-o hernie inghino-scrotala, Sacul herniar contine testicul." This is because these three signs are characteristic of congenital inguinal hernia. The presence of large hernia gates, the progression into an inguinoscrotal hernia, and the inclusion of the testicle in the hernia sac are all indicative of a congenital inguinal hernia.

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  • 31. 

    Examenul clinic al unui bolnav cu hernie inghinala oblica poate prezenta:

    • Coboara în scrot

    • Pulsatia arterei epigastrice se afla lateral de sac

    • Pulsatia arterei epigastrice e situata medial de sac

    • Expansiune la tuse

    • Traiectul herniar este perpendicular pe peretele abdominal

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Coboara în scrot
    A. Pulsatia arterei epigastrice se afla lateral de sac
    A. Expansiune la tuse
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Coboara în scrot, Pulsatia arterei epigastrice se afla lateral de sac, Expansiune la tuse". In the case of an oblique inguinal hernia, the hernia sac descends into the scrotum. The pulsation of the epigastric artery is located laterally to the hernia sac. There is also an expansion of the hernia sac when the patient coughs (expansiune la tuse). However, the statement "Traiectul herniar este perpendicular pe peretele abdominal" is incorrect as the trajectory of an oblique inguinal hernia is not perpendicular to the abdominal wall.

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  • 32. 

    Care din urmatoarele tipuri de hernii interesează mai multe anse intestinale?

    • Hernia Littre

    • Hernia Richter

    • Hernia Brock

    • Hernia Maydl

    • Hernia obturatorie

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Hernia Brock
    A. Hernia Maydl
    Explanation
    Hernia Brock and Hernia Maydl are types of hernias that involve multiple intestinal loops. In these hernias, more than one loop of the intestine protrudes through the weakened abdominal wall or muscle. This can lead to complications such as obstruction or strangulation of the intestines. Therefore, these two types of hernias are more likely to involve multiple intestinal loops compared to the other options listed.

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  • 33. 

    Semnele clinice constante intr-o hernie strangulata cu strangularea parietala a intestinului (Richter) sunt:

    • Este pastrat tranzitul intestinal

    • Varsaturile

    • Tumoră ireductibilă la nivelul zonei herniare respective

    • Oprirea tranzitului intestinal

    • Febra

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Este pastrat tranzitul intestinal
    A. Tumoră ireductibilă la nivelul zonei herniare respective
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Este pastrat tranzitul intestinal,Tumoră ireductibilă la nivelul zonei herniare respective" because in a strangulated hernia with parietal strangulation of the intestine (Richter), the symptoms include the preservation of intestinal transit and an irreducible tumor at the level of the hernia.

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  • 34. 

    Selectaţi afirmaţiile corecte privind hernia strangulată:

    • Toate sunt asociate cu stoparea tranzitului intestinal

    • Hernia femurală are o rată de strangulare mai mare decât cea inghinală

    • Strangularea este rară la copii mai mici de 2 ani

    • Hernia Brock nu se caracterizează prin ischemie

    • În strangularea Maydl suferă cel mai mult ansa intermediară

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Hernia femurală are o rată de strangulare mai mare decât cea inghinală
    A. Hernia Brock nu se caracterizează prin ischemie
    A. În strangularea Maydl suferă cel mai mult ansa intermediară
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that hernia femoral has a higher rate of strangulation compared to inguinal hernia. This is because the femoral canal is narrower and has less space for the herniated tissue, increasing the risk of strangulation. The answer also states that hernia Brock does not involve ischemia, which means that there is no compromised blood supply to the herniated tissue. Lastly, it mentions that in Maydl strangulation, the intermediate loop of the intestine is the most affected.

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  • 35. 

    Selectaţi afirmaţiile corecte cu privire la herniile inghinale oblice:

    • Sacul herniar constă din procesul vaginalis

    • Sacul se extinde anterio-medial de cordonul spermatic

    • Sacul se află medial de vasele epigastrice inferioare

    • Sacul se extinde lateral de cordonul spermatic

    • Este mai rar bilaterală decât cea directă

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Sacul herniar constă din procesul vaginalis
    A. Sacul se află medial de vasele epigastrice inferioare
    A. Sacul se extinde lateral de cordonul spermatic
    A. Este mai rar bilaterală decât cea directă
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that the hernia sac consists of the vaginal process, the sac is located medial to the inferior epigastric vessels, the sac extends laterally to the spermatic cord, and oblique inguinal hernias are less commonly bilateral than direct hernias.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 17, 2023 +

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 17, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
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  • Nov 19, 2013
    Quiz Created by
    JokerPower

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