New Nice Hypertension Guidelines Training Quiz

The correct answer is "All of the above". This means that if a patient has accelerated hypertension with signs of papilloedema, accelerated hypertension with retinal haemorrhage, or suspected phaeochromocytoma, they should be referred to a specialist. These conditions are serious and require specialized care and treatment.

A high sodium diet should not be advised because excessive sodium intake can lead to various health problems such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke. It is recommended to limit sodium intake to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

Patients under 80 years with stage one hypertension should be given antihypertensives if they have target organ damage, 10-year cardiovascular risk equivalent to 20% or greater, diabetes, established cardiovascular disease, or renal disease. This means that if the patient has any of these conditions, they should be treated with antihypertensives, as it is important to manage their blood pressure to prevent further complications and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.

Stage one hypertension is defined as having a clinic blood pressure at or above 140/90mmHg. This means that if a patient's blood pressure consistently measures at or above this value, they would be diagnosed with stage one hypertension.

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring involves the continuous measurement of blood pressure over a 24-hour period. This method provides a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of an individual's blood pressure patterns throughout the day and night, compared to a single measurement taken in a clinic or at home. By monitoring blood pressure over an extended period, healthcare professionals can identify any fluctuations, abnormal patterns, or nocturnal hypertension that may not be detected through a single measurement. This information helps in diagnosing and managing hypertension more effectively.

For individuals below 80 years of age, a target blood pressure value should be 140/90mmHg or below. This means that both the systolic pressure (the top number) and the diastolic pressure (the bottom number) should be at or below these values. Maintaining blood pressure at or below this level is important for reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and other complications associated with high blood pressure.

Calcium channel blockers are the recommended step one hypertensive treatment for patients of black, African or Caribbean ethnicity. This is because studies have shown that this group of patients tends to respond better to calcium channel blockers compared to other antihypertensive medications. Calcium channel blockers work by relaxing the blood vessels and reducing the force of the heart's contractions, thus helping to lower blood pressure. Therefore, prescribing a calcium channel blocker as the initial treatment option for hypertensive patients of black, African or Caribbean ethnicity is considered the most appropriate choice.

Blood pressure should be measured in both arms to identify any significant difference between the values. If there is a difference of 20mmHg or above between the two arms, it indicates a significant asymmetry and requires an additional test. This is because a large difference in blood pressure between arms may suggest underlying vascular or cardiovascular issues that need to be further investigated.

The next blood pressure measurement should be given after 5 years if the patient does not have hypertension. This is because regular blood pressure checks are recommended every 1-2 years for adults with normal blood pressure. However, if the patient has hypertension or other risk factors, more frequent monitoring may be necessary.

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