What is the ideal pelvic position in a wheelchair?

Level pelvis, neutral to slight anterior tilt, neutral rotation

Level pelvis, neutral to slight posterior tilt, neutral rotation

Level pelvis, neutral to slight anterior tilt, neutral rotation

For proper wheelchair seat width, how many inches should you add to the widest hips/thigh measurement?

None, adding more width can cause "sling position"

A doctor pulls you aside and suggests a PAM for your patient. You wait for the doctor to put in the order, and you immediately take your patient to the PAM room to begin the modality. Was this appropriate?

No because you should check if the doctor's order for PAM was appropriate

Yes because the doctor put in an order.

Yes because you agree with the doctor based on past medical history

No because you should check if the doctor's order for PAM was appropriate

No because the doctor should be present while providing the modality

Physical Dysfunction Midterm (Wheeled Mobility And Seating/Pam)

1.

What is the ideal pelvic position in a wheelchair?
- A.
  
  Level pelvis, neutral to slight posterior tilt, neutral rotation
- B.
  
  Level pelvis, neutral to slight anterior tilt, neutral rotation
Correct Answer
B. Level pelvis, neutral to slight anterior tilt, neutral rotation

Explanation
The ideal pelvic position in a wheelchair is a level pelvis with a neutral to slight anterior tilt and neutral rotation. This position helps to maintain proper alignment and stability while sitting in a wheelchair. A level pelvis ensures equal weight distribution, while a slight anterior tilt helps to prevent sliding forward and promotes proper posture. Neutral rotation of the pelvis ensures that the hips and spine are properly aligned, reducing the risk of discomfort or injury.

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2.

Should you be more worried about a patient in a wheelchair being in a posterior pelvic tilt or an anterior pelvic tilt?
- A.
  
  Posterior tilt
- B.
  
  Anterior tilt
Correct Answer
A. Posterior tilt

Explanation
Posterior tilt can cause a host of problems while anterior tilt is not as common or concerning.

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3.

What is the most appropriate landmark to check for proper pelvic obliquity in wheelchair positioning?
- A.
  
  Humeral landmarks
- B.
  
  PSIS
- C.
  
  Clavicular prominence
- D.
  
  ASIS
Correct Answer
D. ASIS

Explanation
The ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine) is the most appropriate landmark to check for proper pelvic obliquity in wheelchair positioning. The ASIS is located at the front of the pelvis and is commonly used as a reference point to assess pelvic alignment. By comparing the position of the ASIS on both sides, any asymmetry or tilting of the pelvis can be identified. This is important in wheelchair positioning to ensure proper weight distribution and prevent discomfort or pressure sores. The other options, such as humeral landmarks, clavicular prominence, and PSIS (posterior superior iliac spine), are not directly related to pelvic obliquity assessment.

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4.

For proper wheelchair seat width, how many inches should you add to the widest hips/thigh measurement?
- A.
  
  None, adding more width can cause "sling position"
- B.
  
  1 inch
- C.
  
  1.5 inches
- D.
  
  2 inches.
Correct Answer
D. 2 inches.

Explanation
Adding 2 inches to the widest hips/thigh measurement is the correct answer because it allows for proper wheelchair seat width. This additional width ensures that the individual using the wheelchair has enough room to sit comfortably without feeling cramped or restricted. Adding more width than necessary can cause the individual to be in a "sling position," which may lead to discomfort or pressure sores. Therefore, adding 2 inches strikes a balance between providing enough space for comfort and avoiding potential issues.

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5.

For proper wheelchair seat depth, how many inches should you add to your initial measurement?
- A.
  
  None
- B.
  
  1-2 inches
- C.
  
  2-3 inches
- D.
  
  3-4 inches
Correct Answer
C. 2-3 inches

Explanation
When measuring for wheelchair seat depth, it is recommended to add 2-3 inches to your initial measurement. This additional space allows for better comfort and prevents the user from sliding forward in the seat. It also provides enough room for proper posture and prevents pressure sores or discomfort that can occur from a seat that is too shallow.

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6.

For individuals who need only standard back height, measure from the seat level to the armpit area then subtract ________ inches.

Correct Answer
four
4

Explanation
For individuals who need only standard back height, you can measure from the seat level to the armpit area and then subtract four inches.

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7.

For proper wheelchair arm height, you need to add one inch to your initial measurements.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
To determine the proper wheelchair arm height, it is recommended to add one inch to the initial measurements. This additional inch ensures that the armrests are at a comfortable and ergonomic height for the individual using the wheelchair. By adding this extra inch, it allows for better support and reduces strain on the arms and shoulders while using the wheelchair. Therefore, the statement "True" accurately reflects the need to add one inch to the initial measurements for proper wheelchair arm height.

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8.

Check all that accurately describes physical agent modalities.
- A.
  
  An adjunctive treatment
- B.
  
  Stand-alone treatment method
- C.
  
  Entry-level technique
- D.
  
  Preventative treatment
Correct Answer(s)
A. An adjunctive treatment
D. Preventative treatment

Explanation
Physical agent modalities are therapeutic interventions used in conjunction with other treatment methods to enhance their effectiveness. They are not typically used as stand-alone treatments but rather as additional techniques to support the main treatment approach. Additionally, physical agent modalities can also be used as preventative measures to reduce the risk of certain conditions or injuries. Therefore, the correct answers are "An adjunctive treatment" and "Preventative treatment."

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9.

A doctor pulls you aside and suggests a PAM for your patient. You wait for the doctor to put in the order, and you immediately take your patient to the PAM room to begin the modality. Was this appropriate?
- A.
  
  Yes because the doctor put in an order.
- B.
  
  Yes because you agree with the doctor based on past medical history
- C.
  
  No because you should check if the doctor's order for PAM was appropriate
- D.
  
  No because the doctor should be present while providing the modality
Correct Answer
C. No because you should check if the doctor's order for PAM was appropriate

Explanation
It is not appropriate to immediately start the modality without checking if the doctor's order for PAM (Physical Agent Modalities) was appropriate. As a healthcare professional, it is important to ensure that the treatment aligns with the patient's condition and needs. Therefore, it is necessary to verify the appropriateness of the doctor's order before proceeding with the modality.

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10.

What is the most effective way to use the paraffin bath?
- A.
  
  Dip method
- B.
  
  Immersion method
- C.
  
  Brush-on method
Correct Answer
B. Immersion method

Explanation
Remember, dip method is the most common but not as effective for transferring heat.

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11.

Patients are required to remain still while receiving fluidotherapy or risk burning themselves.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Patient is encouraged to exercise during the application

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12.

Which PAM is most appropriate for open wounds?
- A.
  
  Hot packs
- B.
  
  Paraffin baths
- C.
  
  Fluidotherapy
- D.
  
  Hydrotherapy
- E.
  
  Ultrasound
Correct Answer
D. Hydrotherapy

Explanation
Hydrotherapy used for debridement and as a stimulant for open wounds

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13.

TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) does not elicit muscle contractions.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) is a therapy that uses low-voltage electrical currents to relieve pain. It works by stimulating the nerves and blocking pain signals from reaching the brain. Unlike other electrical stimulation therapies, TENS does not cause muscle contractions. Instead, it targets the nerves directly, providing pain relief without the need for muscle movement. Therefore, the statement "TENS does not elicit muscle contractions" is true.

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14.

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) innervates muscles and should produce patient-independent contractions.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
FES should be used as a kind of AAROM. It should not be turned up high enough that the patient doesn't have to do anything to contract his muscles.

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15.

________________ refers to the use of instrumentation to train patients in various techniques such as muscle relaxation or recruitment using sensory information (sound/lights)

Correct Answer
biofeedback
Biofeedback

Explanation
Biofeedback refers to the use of instrumentation to train patients in various techniques such as muscle relaxation or recruitment using sensory information (sound/lights). It is a process that enables individuals to learn how to control physiological functions that are normally involuntary, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and muscle tension. By providing real-time feedback on these functions, patients can develop self-regulation skills and improve their overall well-being.

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16.

What is the most important thing that you should evaluate when you are placing a patient in a wheelchair?
- A.
  
  Pelvis position
- B.
  
  Trunk symmetry
- C.
  
  LE support
- D.
  
  Head and neck support
Correct Answer
A. Pelvis position

Explanation
When placing a patient in a wheelchair, the most important thing to evaluate is the pelvis position. This is because the pelvis acts as the foundation for the rest of the body and plays a crucial role in maintaining proper posture and stability. A correct pelvis position helps to distribute the patient's weight evenly, prevents pressure ulcers and discomfort, and ensures proper alignment of the spine and lower extremities.

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Physical Dysfunction Midterm (Wheeled Mobility And Seating/Pam)

What is the ideal pelvic position in a wheelchair?

Should you be more worried about a patient in a wheelchair being in a posterior pelvic tilt or an anterior pelvic tilt?

What is the most appropriate landmark to check for proper pelvic obliquity in wheelchair positioning?

For proper wheelchair seat width, how many inches should you add to the widest hips/thigh measurement?

For proper wheelchair seat depth, how many inches should you add to your initial measurement?

For individuals who need only standard back height, measure from the seat level to the armpit area then subtract ________ inches.

For proper wheelchair arm height, you need to add one inch to your initial measurements.

Check all that accurately describes physical agent modalities.

A doctor pulls you aside and suggests a PAM for your patient. You wait for the doctor to put in the order, and you immediately take your patient to the PAM room to begin the modality. Was this appropriate?

What is the most effective way to use the paraffin bath?

Patients are required to remain still while receiving fluidotherapy or risk burning themselves.

Which PAM is most appropriate for open wounds?

TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) does not elicit muscle contractions.

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) innervates muscles and should produce patient-independent contractions.

________________ refers to the use of instrumentation to train patients in various techniques such as muscle relaxation or recruitment using sensory information (sound/lights)

What is the most important thing that you should evaluate when you are placing a patient in a wheelchair?