Aircraft Fuel System Trivia Quiz!

Fuel leaks are categorized based on their severity and potential risks. Class A through Class D is a commonly used classification system for fuel leaks. Class A refers to the most severe leaks that can cause immediate danger and require immediate action. Class D refers to minor leaks that pose minimal risk and can be addressed at a later time. This classification system helps prioritize and address fuel leaks based on their potential impact on safety and the environment.

An increase in silicon indicates lubricant system contamination by dirt and sand. Silicon is a common element found in dirt and sand, and its presence in the lubricant suggests that these contaminants have entered the system. As dirt and sand particles circulate within the lubricant, they can cause increased wear and damage to the components, reducing the efficiency and lifespan of the system. Therefore, monitoring the silicon levels in the lubricant can help identify contamination and prompt necessary maintenance actions to prevent further damage.

The correct form that must be filled out and submitted to the NDI lab with all oil samples is DD form 2026.

A micron is a metric linear measurement that is extremely small, equal to 1/25000 of an inch. This means that a micron is much smaller than an inch and is used to measure very tiny objects or distances.

Vent holes prevent fiberglass fabric ducts from swelling when the aircraft climbs to high altitudes. When the aircraft ascends to high altitudes, the air pressure decreases, causing the air inside the ducts to expand. Without vent holes, this expansion could cause the fiberglass fabric ducts to swell and potentially rupture. However, the presence of vent holes allows the air to escape, relieving the pressure and preventing swelling.

Bleed air is usually taken from the compressor section of the engine. The compressor section is responsible for compressing the incoming air before it enters the combustion chamber. Bleed air is extracted from the compressor at various stages to provide air for various system requirements, such as cabin pressurization, anti-icing, and air conditioning.

In the variable isobaric pressurization system, the cabin pressure controller is responsible for maintaining the desired cabin pressure. If the cabin pressure controller fails, the manual control valve is used as an alternate to manually control the cabin pressure. This ensures that the cabin pressure remains at a safe and comfortable level for the occupants of the aircraft.

In a fire warning system, the thermal switches are connected in parallel with each other and with the warning light. This means that each thermal switch and the warning light are connected to the power source separately. If any of the thermal switches detect a rise in temperature, it will close the circuit and activate the warning light, indicating a potential fire. Having the switches connected in parallel ensures that the warning light will be activated if any of the switches are triggered, providing a reliable and effective fire detection system.

A fuel/oil cooler in a fuel system is designed to regulate the temperature of both the fuel and the oil. It heats the fuel to ensure it remains at an optimal temperature for combustion, promoting efficient fuel utilization. At the same time, it cools the oil to prevent it from overheating, which could lead to degradation and reduced lubrication properties. This helps to maintain the overall performance and longevity of the fuel system and engine.

Foreign particles that appear in the fuel in a crystalline, granular, or glasslike form are typically sand or dust. These particles can contaminate the fuel and cause damage to the engine if not filtered out. Sand and dust can enter the fuel system through various means, such as during the fueling process or from the environment. It is important to regularly inspect and clean the fuel system to prevent the accumulation of these particles and ensure proper engine performance.

The correct answer is an aneroid, spring, and metering valve. In an isobaric section of the cabin pressure regulator, an aneroid is used to measure the cabin pressure. The spring is responsible for controlling the tension and adjusting the pressure, while the metering valve regulates the flow of air to maintain the desired pressure level.

A compressible flange does not require a gasket because it is designed to create a tight seal by compressing the flange material against the mating surface. This type of flange is typically used in high-pressure and high-temperature applications where a gasket may not be able to withstand the extreme conditions. The compressible flange relies on the elasticity of the material to provide a reliable seal, making it a suitable choice for ducting systems operating under harsh environments.

Liquid oxygen (LOX) converts to gaseous oxygen (GOx) at an expansion ratio of 860 to 1. This means that when liquid oxygen expands, it increases in volume by a ratio of 860 to 1, resulting in the formation of gaseous oxygen. This expansion occurs due to the increase in temperature and decrease in pressure, causing the liquid oxygen to vaporize and convert into a gas.

Interlocking stainless steel bands form the inner and outer surfaces of an annular-type combustion chamber. These bands are designed to fit together tightly, creating a secure and durable structure. The use of stainless steel ensures resistance to high temperatures and corrosion, making it suitable for the harsh conditions within the combustion chamber. This design allows for efficient combustion and containment of the combustion process, contributing to the overall performance and safety of the engine.

After a failed start or engine shutdown, the fuel that accumulates needs to be removed from the system. This is done by draining it overboard using a drain system. This ensures that any excess fuel or contaminants are removed from the engine, preventing any potential damage or malfunction.

Inertia is the correct answer because it refers to the resistance of an object to change its motion. It is a property of matter that causes objects to resist changes in their velocity or direction. Inertia is related to an object's mass, with objects with greater mass having greater inertia.

The correct answer is "hydraulically, but controlled electrically." This means that the air-refueling receptacle is operated using hydraulic power, but the control of the receptacle is done electrically.

The jet engine pressure ratio indicating system is used to provide a reference for the engine's available thrust output. This means that it helps in determining the amount of thrust that the engine is capable of producing. By monitoring the pressure ratio, which is the ratio of the pressure at the compressor outlet to the pressure at the compressor inlet, the system can give an indication of the engine's performance and the thrust it can generate. This information is crucial for pilots and engineers to ensure the engine is operating efficiently and safely.

Sediment in fuel that is visible to the naked eye is approximately 40 microns or larger.

A gerotor is a type of oil pump that consists of a gear and rotor within a housing. The gear and rotor work together to create a pumping action, drawing in and circulating the oil throughout the jet engine. This design allows for efficient and reliable lubrication of the engine components, ensuring smooth operation and preventing excessive wear and tear.

The handle on a manually operated buildup and vent valve is designed to prevent the filler access door from closing in the vent position.

The air turbine (impingement) starter used on jet engines has the advantages of less weight and fewer moving parts than other starters. This means that it is lighter and simpler in design compared to alternative starters, making it more efficient and easier to maintain. The use of an air turbine also allows for a high pressure, low volume air flow, which is necessary to produce the torque required for engine start.

The movable inlet and exit doors control the flow of ram air through the primary heat exchanger in an aircraft air conditioning system. These doors can be adjusted to regulate the amount of air entering and exiting the heat exchanger, thereby controlling the temperature and airflow in the cabin. By opening or closing these doors, the system can maintain the desired temperature and ensure proper cooling or heating of the air circulated in the aircraft.

A centrifugal-type aircraft fuel pump can be used for boost, transfer, or air refueling operations because it is capable of delivering fuel at high pressure and flow rates. This type of pump is designed to handle the demands of these operations effectively. It is not mentioned in the explanation that the pump has no moving parts or that it scavenges fuel from low areas of a tank, so these characteristics are not relevant to the given answer. The key point is that the pump is suitable for boost, transfer, or air refueling operations.

A dual impeller centrifugal pump is used when a fuel supply is required during periods of negative gravity conditions. This type of pump has two impellers, which allows it to generate higher pressure and flow rates compared to a single impeller pump. The dual impeller design ensures that the pump can effectively handle the challenges of negative gravity conditions and maintain a steady fuel supply.

An aircraft taxiing at a constant speed is an example of Newton's first Law of Motion, also known as the law of inertia. This law states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue moving at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force. In this case, the aircraft is moving at a constant speed, which means that no external force is acting on it to change its state of motion.

The compressor must be rotated to a predetermined speed in order for a jet engine starter to be considered effective. The compressor is responsible for compressing the incoming air before it enters the combustion chamber, and it plays a crucial role in the overall functioning of the jet engine. By rotating the compressor at a specific speed, the necessary compression and airflow can be achieved, allowing the engine to start and operate efficiently.

The frangible disc is the component of a liquid-agent fire extinguisher container that holds both the liquid agent and the nitrogen charge. The frangible disc is designed to rupture or break when the extinguisher is activated, allowing the liquid agent and the nitrogen charge to mix and be expelled from the container to extinguish the fire.

During the early years of jet engine design, the most basic turbine engine design used extensively was the turbojet. Turbojets work on the principle of sucking in air, compressing it, and then combusting it with fuel. The high-pressure exhaust gases produced by this combustion are expelled at high speeds, creating thrust. However, turbojets are less fuel-efficient compared to other engine types like turbofans or turboprops, which led to their eventual decline in popularity.

An inlet screen prevents foreign objects from holding the bypass valve open in a dual-impeller fuel pump. This screen acts as a filter, allowing only fuel to enter the pump while blocking any debris or foreign objects. By preventing these objects from entering the pump and reaching the bypass valve, the inlet screen ensures that the valve can function properly and close when necessary.

The correct answer is the movement of a float in the tanks. In a DC liquid-level fuel indicating system, the wiper contact on the resistance strip is positioned by the movement of a float in the tanks. As the float rises or falls with the fuel level, it causes the wiper contact to move along the resistance strip, providing an electrical signal that indicates the fuel level. The signals from the amplifier, voltage changes in the indicator circuit, and the amount of bleed air pressure applied to the tank do not directly affect the positioning of the wiper contact.

The correct answer is "stump and drain." In a fuel tank, the stump and drain are typically located at the lowest point. The stump is a small pipe or tube that extends into the tank, while the drain is a valve or plug that allows for the removal of any accumulated water or sediment. This design ensures that any impurities or contaminants settle at the bottom of the tank and can be easily drained out, preventing them from entering the fuel system.

The bladder-type tank conforms to the shape of the vacant cavity within the fuselage because it is made out of rubber or nylon material. These materials are soft and malleable, allowing the tank to easily adjust and fit into the available space. Additionally, rubber and nylon are flexible materials that can stretch and expand, ensuring a snug fit within the fuselage cavity.

A compensator is a type of capacitor that allows for changes in fuel density. Capacitors store and release electrical energy, and a compensator can adjust its capacitance to account for variations in fuel density. This allows for accurate fuel level readings in the fuel indicating system, regardless of changes in the density of the fuel being measured.

The liquid oxygen (LOX) system's combination fill, buildup, and vent valve is always in the buildup position, except during servicing. This position allows the LOX system to accumulate and pressurize the liquid oxygen before it is transferred to the desired location. The buildup position ensures that the system is ready for operation and maintains the necessary pressure for efficient functioning.

A flameholder is a component that creates local turbulence and reduces gas velocity in a combustion system. It is designed to stabilize the flame by creating a recirculation zone and promoting mixing between the fuel and air. By slowing down the gas velocity, the flameholder helps to prevent flame blowout and maintain a steady combustion process. The other options, such as spraybar, screech liner, and fuel manifold, do not specifically create turbulence or reduce gas velocity in the same way as a flameholder.

The frangible disc is undercut into pie-shaped sections in a liquid-agent fire extinguisher container to prevent small pieces from passing through the strainer. By dividing the disc into sections, it ensures that even if it breaks, the pieces will be large enough to be caught by the strainer and not clog the system. This design allows for undisturbed fluid flow through the system while still effectively filtering out any debris or fragments.

Bearings depend on fuel for lubrication. Bearings are used to reduce friction between moving parts in a pump, allowing them to rotate smoothly. In some air refueling pumps, the bearings are lubricated by the fuel itself, which helps to reduce wear and tear and ensure efficient operation. Without proper lubrication, the bearings can overheat and fail, leading to pump malfunction. Therefore, it is crucial for the bearings in air refueling pumps to have fuel for lubrication.

Stainless steel is commonly used for ducting in high-pressure/high-temperature air-conditioning systems due to its excellent corrosion resistance, strength, and durability. It can withstand the harsh conditions and high temperatures without deforming or deteriorating, making it a reliable choice for such applications. Additionally, stainless steel has a smooth surface, which helps in reducing air friction and improving airflow efficiency.

The shutoff valve is the component that prevents loss of air through the engine when it is shutdown. This valve is designed to close off the flow of bleed air, effectively sealing the engine and preventing any air from escaping. By shutting off the flow of air, the shutoff valve helps to maintain the integrity of the engine system and prevent any potential leaks or loss of pressure.

Expansion joints in bleed air systems are best used for a short run of ducting because they allow for the movement and flexibility of the ducting system. A short run of ducting is more likely to experience thermal expansion and contraction, as well as vibrations and movements caused by the flow of air. Expansion joints can absorb these movements and prevent damage to the ducting system. In contrast, a long run of ducting may require other methods, such as expansion loops, to accommodate for expansion and contraction.

The divergent design of a jet engine diffuser increases pressure. A diffuser is a component in a jet engine that slows down the high-speed airflow coming out of the combustion chamber. The divergent design of the diffuser gradually increases the cross-sectional area of the flow path, which causes the airflow to expand and slow down. As the flow slows down, the kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy, resulting in an increase in pressure. Therefore, the divergent design of a jet engine diffuser increases the pressure of the airflow.

The purpose of the pneumatic relay in a cabin pressurization system is to ensure that both outflow valves operate at the same time. This is important for maintaining the desired cabin pressure and preventing any imbalance between the two valves. By synchronizing the operation of the outflow valves, the pneumatic relay helps to regulate the flow of air in and out of the cabin, thereby maintaining a safe and comfortable cabin environment for the occupants.

A turbofan engine with a bypass ratio of 3:1 is classified as a medium bypass engine. The bypass ratio refers to the amount of air that bypasses the engine core compared to the amount of air that goes through the core. In this case, for every 3 units of air that bypasses the core, 1 unit goes through the core. A bypass ratio of 3:1 indicates a moderate amount of air bypassing the core, making it a medium bypass engine.

The correct answer is jet nozzle because the exhaust duct connects the turbine outlet to the jet nozzle. The jet nozzle is responsible for accelerating the exhaust gases and creating the propulsion force in a jet engine. It is designed to increase the velocity of the exhaust gases and provide thrust for the aircraft.

The correct answer is impulse, reaction, and reaction impulse. These are the three turbine designs used in jet engines. The impulse turbine design uses the impact of a high-velocity fluid jet to generate power. The reaction turbine design uses the reaction force of a fluid jet to generate power. The reaction impulse turbine design combines elements of both impulse and reaction turbines to maximize efficiency and power output.

The primary function of a hydromechanical fuel control on a jet engine is to meter the fuel, making certain that the engine gets the correct quantity for combustion at all times. This means that the fuel control system regulates and controls the flow of fuel to the engine's fuel nozzles, ensuring that the engine receives the proper amount of fuel for optimal combustion. This is important for maintaining engine performance, efficiency, and preventing any issues such as hot starts, overtemperatures, engines overspeeding, and flameouts.

Exhaust gas temperature indicators are used to measure the temperature of the engine's exhaust gas. The temperature is typically measured in degrees Celsius, as it is a commonly used unit of temperature measurement in most parts of the world. This allows the operator or technician to monitor the engine's performance and ensure that it is operating within safe temperature limits.

The outflow valves maintain pressure if the dual-differential cabin pressure regulator fails during flight. These valves control the flow of air out of the cabin, allowing the pressure inside the cabin to be regulated. If the pressure regulator fails, the outflow valves will still function and can be manually adjusted to maintain the desired cabin pressure.

Newton's third law of motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In the case of an operating jet, the forward thrust is produced by the forceful expulsion of high-speed exhaust gases from the jet engine. According to Newton's third law, as the exhaust gases are expelled backwards with great force, an equal and opposite reaction is generated, pushing the jet forward. Therefore, the third law is the best description for why an operating jet produces forward thrust.

The correct answer is centrifugal and axial-flow. Centrifugal compressors use centrifugal force to compress the air, while axial-flow compressors use a series of rotating blades to compress the air. These two types of compressors are commonly used in jet engines to increase the pressure and density of the incoming air before it enters the combustion chamber.

The correct answer is a diaphragm, spring, and metering valve. In the differential section of the cabin pressure regulator, these components work together to regulate the cabin pressure. The diaphragm senses the pressure difference between the cabin and the outside environment. The spring provides the necessary force to control the diaphragm's movement. The metering valve adjusts the flow of air to maintain the desired cabin pressure.

Float switches are most likely to control the automatic pump shutoff when all fuel is depleted from a fuel tank. Float switches are devices that consist of a buoyant float and an electrical switch. They are commonly used in fuel tanks to monitor the fuel level. When the fuel level drops below a certain point, the float switch is triggered, sending a signal to the pump to shut off. This ensures that the pump does not continue running when there is no fuel left in the tank, preventing damage to the pump and potential hazards.

The rotor is the component of the air refueling pump that removes fuel vapors caused by the centrifugal force of the impellers. The impellers generate centrifugal force, which causes the fuel vapors to separate from the liquid fuel. The rotor then collects and removes these vapors from the pump, ensuring that only liquid fuel is delivered for refueling purposes. The stator, accumulator, and vapor relief valve do not perform this specific function.

The secondary seal sleeve is the rotary plug valve part that rotates and seals off the passage of the fuel during plug valve removal. This component is designed to prevent any fuel leakage and ensure a secure seal when the plug valve is being removed. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the fuel system and preventing any potential hazards or accidents.

When automatic data systems are not available, the form that must be used to document fuel leaks is AFTO form 427. This form is specifically designed for documenting fuel leaks and is used in addition to the air force technical order (AFTO) form 781A or AFTO form 781K. It provides a standardized format for recording and reporting fuel leaks, ensuring that accurate and consistent information is captured. By using AFTO form 427, the air force can effectively track and address fuel leaks to maintain safety and operational readiness.

A transformer is a device that can increase or decrease the voltage of an electrical signal. In the context of a jet engine AC ignition system, a transformer is used to step up the voltage from the power source to a level of 20,000 volts, which is then delivered to the igniter plugs. This high voltage is necessary to create a spark and ignite the fuel-air mixture in the engine. Therefore, a transformer is the correct answer as it is specifically designed to generate the required voltage for the ignition system.

The correct answer is air pressure and pump. This means that fuel can be transferred using either air pressure or a pump. Air pressure can be used to push the fuel through a system, while a pump can be used to create pressure and move the fuel. These two methods are commonly used in fuel transfer systems to ensure efficient and reliable fuel transfer.

The spring aids piston closure and prevents fuel from entering the tank in the piston-type, fuel level control valve. The spring exerts a force that pushes against the piston, helping to keep it closed and preventing any fuel from flowing into the tank. This ensures that the fuel level remains controlled and regulated within the desired range.

A check valve is designed to allow flow in only one direction, preventing backflow. In the case of a gaseous oxygen (GOX) system, a check valve would prevent a complete loss of oxygen by ensuring that oxygen can only flow in one direction and not back into the system. This is important for safety reasons, as a complete loss of oxygen could be dangerous or even fatal in certain situations.

One common type of variable used on augmenters is the segmented flap. This suggests that augmenters often utilize segmented flaps as a type of variable.

A pressure-loaded fuel system check valve is used when gravity flow through the valve is undesirable. This means that the check valve is designed to prevent fuel from flowing back through the valve due to gravity. This is important because gravity flow can disrupt the proper functioning of the fuel system and lead to issues such as pump overspeeding or excessive pressures. Therefore, the check valve is used to ensure that fuel only flows in the desired direction and to prevent any potential problems caused by gravity flow.

A jet engine derives its name from the fact that it uses an exhaust gas driven turbine wheel to drive its compressor. This means that the engine utilizes the force of the exhaust gases to power the turbine, which in turn drives the compressor. This process allows the engine to compress incoming air and mix it with fuel, creating a high-pressure and high-velocity jet of exhaust gases that propels the aircraft forward.

The correct answer is "leak category and fuel type" because the severity and potential consequences of a leak can vary depending on the type of fuel involved and the category of the leak. Different fuels have different properties and hazards, and different leak categories indicate the level of seriousness and urgency in addressing the leak. Therefore, considering both the leak category and fuel type is crucial in determining the appropriate response and corrective action.

This answer is correct because a simple DC ignition system consists of three main components: a vibrator (also known as a gigty), igniter plugs, and a transformer. The vibrator is responsible for generating the high voltage pulses needed to ignite the fuel-air mixture in the engine. The igniter plugs create the spark that ignites the mixture, and the transformer steps up the voltage from the battery to the level needed for ignition. Therefore, the combination of vibrator, igniter plugs, and transformer is necessary for a simple DC ignition system to function properly.

The molecular sieve oxygen generating system (MSOGS) concentrator supplies 16 man-minutes of oxygen to the oxygen regulator control panel.

The given options are gear, gerotor, rotogear, and sliding vane. When classified according to structure, rotogear is not a type of oil pump. This is because rotogear is not a commonly recognized type of oil pump. Gear pumps, gerotor pumps, and sliding vane pumps are all well-known types of oil pumps used in various applications.

The correct answer is sliding gate, rotary plug, and disc. These three types of shutoff valves are commonly used in a crossfeed fuel system. The sliding gate valve is used to control the flow of fuel by sliding a gate across the fuel line. The rotary plug valve uses a rotating plug to control the flow of fuel. The disc valve has a disc-shaped element that moves perpendicular to the flow of fuel to control the flow. These three valves provide different mechanisms for shutting off and controlling the flow of fuel in the system.

The cartridge-pneumatic starter consists of various components, including a gas-driven turbine wheel, a reduction gear system, a power takeoff (PTO) shaft, a single entry air diverter, and an overrunning clutch. The overrunning clutch is responsible for allowing the starter to disengage from the engine once it has reached a certain speed. This ensures that the starter does not continue to rotate with the engine, preventing any damage or excessive wear. Therefore, the overrunning clutch is a necessary component of the cartridge-pneumatic starter system.

The correct answer is "Check Valve." A check valve is a type of valve that allows fluid to flow in only one direction. It prevents the reverse flow of fuel through the valve by using a mechanism that closes off the flow when pressure from the reverse direction is applied. This ensures that the fuel cannot flow back through the valve, maintaining the desired flow direction and preventing any potential damage or accidents.

A centrifugal pump with an electrically driven, DC, series-wound motor must have a fuel- and vapor-proof housing because it is used to pump fuel. The fuel- and vapor-proof housing is necessary to prevent any leakage or escape of fuel or vapors, which could be dangerous and potentially cause a fire or explosion. The housing ensures that the pump is sealed and secure, providing a safe and efficient operation for pumping fuel.

Spring loaded relief valves are fuel system components that prevent excessive pressure from building up in trapped lines or within the valve body. These valves are designed to open and release pressure when it reaches a certain threshold, ensuring that the pressure remains within safe limits. By using a spring mechanism, these valves can automatically relieve excess pressure and protect the fuel system from potential damage or failure.

The nozzle diaphragm is placed directly in front of each turbine wheel in a jet engine that uses two or more turbine wheels. It helps to control the flow of exhaust gases from the combustion chamber into the turbine section. By directing the gases onto the turbine blades at the correct angle and velocity, the nozzle diaphragm ensures efficient energy transfer from the hot exhaust gases to the turbine, which in turn powers the compressor and provides thrust for the aircraft.