Vascular And Non Vascular Plants
Questions and Answers
- 1.
which of the following is characteristic of alternation of generations in land plants?
- A.
Sporophyts and gametophytes are typically similar in apperance
- B.
Meiosis in sporophytes produces haploid spores
- C.
Hapolid sporophytes make hapolid spores
- D.
It is like haploid/dipolid in humans
Correct Answer
B. Meiosis in sporophytes produces haploid sporesExplanation
In alternation of generations in land plants, meiosis in sporophytes produces haploid spores. This means that the sporophyte, which is the diploid phase of the plant, undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores. These spores then develop into gametophytes, which are the haploid phase of the plant. The gametophytes produce gametes through mitosis, which then fuse during fertilization to form a diploid zygote. This process allows for the alternating generations of haploid and diploid phases in the life cycle of land plants.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Bryophytes have all of the following characteristics except?
- A.
Specialized cells and tissues
- B.
Multicellularity
- C.
A reduced, dependent sporophyte
- D.
Lignified vascular tissue
Correct Answer
D. Lignified vascular tissueExplanation
Bryophytes are non-vascular plants, meaning they lack lignified vascular tissue. This tissue is responsible for conducting water and nutrients throughout the plant. Although bryophytes have specialized cells and tissues, are multicellular, and have a reduced, dependent sporophyte, they do not possess lignified vascular tissue. This is a defining characteristic that distinguishes bryophytes from other plant groups such as ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.Rate this question:
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- 3.
In which of the foll0wng does the sporophyte depend on the gametophyte for nutrition?
- A.
Conifers
- B.
Moss
- C.
Fern
- D.
Both A and C
Correct Answer
B. MossExplanation
Moss is the correct answer because in mosses, the sporophyte is dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition. The gametophyte produces nutrients through photosynthesis, which are then transported to the sporophyte for its growth and development. This dependency is known as the gametophyte-sporophyte relationship, where the gametophyte provides the necessary nutrients and support for the sporophyte's survival. In contrast, in conifers and ferns, the sporophyte is capable of producing its own food through photosynthesis and is not reliant on the gametophyte for nutrition.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Angiosperms are most closely related to?
- A.
Bryophytes
- B.
Green algea
- C.
Seedless vascular plants
- D.
Gymnosperms
Correct Answer
D. GymnospermsExplanation
Angiosperms, or flowering plants, are most closely related to gymnosperms. Gymnosperms are a group of plants that produce seeds but do not have flowers or fruits. They include conifers, cycads, and ginkgoes. Both angiosperms and gymnosperms are seed-producing plants, but angiosperms have evolved more advanced reproductive structures, such as flowers and fruits. This suggests that angiosperms evolved from a common ancestor with gymnosperms, and they share a closer evolutionary relationship compared to bryophytes, green algae, or seedless vascular plants.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following are names because their seeds are "naked"?
- A.
Pterophytes
- B.
Gymnosperms
- C.
Bryophytes
- D.
Angiosperms
Correct Answer
B. GymnospermsExplanation
Gymnosperms are named because their seeds are "naked", meaning they are not enclosed within a protective fruit. Unlike angiosperms, which have seeds enclosed in fruits, gymnosperms have seeds that are exposed on the surface of cones or scales. This characteristic of gymnosperms is what distinguishes them from other plant groups, such as pterophytes, bryophytes, and angiosperms.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which is true of the sporophyte?
- A.
It is dipolid
- B.
Is it haploid
- C.
It undergoes meiosis to produce diploid spores
- D.
It undergoes mitosis to produces diploid spores
Correct Answer
A. It is dipolidExplanation
The sporophyte is the diploid phase in the life cycle of plants and algae. It is formed through the fusion of haploid gametes during fertilization. The diploid sporophyte then undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores, which will eventually develop into the gametophyte generation. Therefore, the statement "it is diploid" is true as it accurately describes the genetic composition of the sporophyte.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which is not true about sphagnum?
- A.
It is known as peat moss
- B.
Can absorb 20x moss's weight in water
- C.
Some peatlands have preserved corpses for thousands of years
- D.
400 billion tons of organic carbon is stored in peat
Correct Answer
D. 400 billion tons of organic carbon is stored in peatExplanation
Sphagnum is known as peat moss, can absorb 20x its weight in water, and some peatlands have preserved corpses for thousands of years. However, the statement that 400 billion tons of organic carbon is stored in peat is not true. While peat does store a significant amount of carbon, the exact amount may vary depending on the location and conditions. The given statement exaggerates the amount of organic carbon stored in peat.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which is not true of xylem?
- A.
It is a type of vascular tissue
- B.
It conducts most of the water and minerals throughout the plant
- C.
It distributes sugars, amino acids throughout the plans
- D.
It is strengthened by lignin
Correct Answer
C. It distributes sugars, amino acids throughout the plansExplanation
Xylem is a type of vascular tissue that conducts water and minerals throughout the plant. It is strengthened by lignin, which provides support and prevents collapse. However, xylem is not responsible for distributing sugars and amino acids throughout the plant. This function is carried out by another type of vascular tissue called phloem.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Rhizoids
- A.
Are muliticellular
- B.
Anchor moss gametohphytes
- C.
Play a primary role in water and mineral absorption
- D.
Are composed of tissues
Correct Answer
B. Anchor moss gametohphytesExplanation
Rhizoids are multicellular structures found in anchor moss gametophytes. They play a primary role in water and mineral absorption. Rhizoids are composed of tissues that are specialized for this function.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Peristome
- A.
Open under moist conditions
- B.
Allow spores to be dischared
- C.
Allow pollen to be dicharged
- D.
Are on the upper part of the stalk
Correct Answer
B. Allow spores to be discharedExplanation
The peristome is a specialized structure found in certain plants, particularly in mosses. It is open under moist conditions, which allows for the discharge of spores. The peristome acts as a mechanism for spore dispersal, helping to ensure the survival and spread of the plant. It is not involved in the discharge of pollen or located on the upper part of the stalk.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Bryophyte sporophytes
- A.
Are haplid
- B.
Have smallest sporophyte of all the plant groups
- C.
Are not capable of photosynthesis
- D.
Can live independently from gametopoyte
Correct Answer
B. Have smallest sporophyte of all the plant groupsExplanation
Bryophyte sporophytes have the smallest sporophyte of all the plant groups. This means that compared to other plants, the sporophytes of bryophytes are relatively small in size. This characteristic sets bryophytes apart from other plant groups, as their sporophytes are not as developed or prominent.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following is a true statement?
- A.
Haplid sporophytes undergo meiosis to produce haploid spores
- B.
Diploid sporophytes undergo mitosis to produce haploid spores
- C.
Haploid sporophytes undergo mitosis to produce haploid spores
- D.
Dipolid sporophytes undergo meiosis to produce haploid spores
Correct Answer
D. Dipolid sporophytes undergo meiosis to produce haploid sporesExplanation
Diploid sporophytes undergo meiosis to produce haploid spores. This is because sporophytes are the diploid stage in the life cycle of plants, and meiosis is the process by which diploid cells divide to produce haploid cells. These haploid spores then undergo mitosis to develop into gametophytes, which are the haploid stage of the plant's life cycle. Therefore, the correct statement is that diploid sporophytes undergo meiosis to produce haploid spores.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following can colonize bare,sandy soil, help retain nitrogen in soil and can survive extreme environment?
- A.
Hornworts
- B.
Conifers
- C.
Ferns
- D.
Mosses
Correct Answer
D. MossesExplanation
Mosses can colonize bare, sandy soil because they have adaptations that allow them to grow in such environments. They are able to retain nitrogen in the soil through their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into a usable form for plants. Additionally, mosses have the ability to survive in extreme environments due to their tolerance to desiccation and their ability to go dormant during unfavorable conditions. Therefore, mosses are the correct answer as they possess all these characteristics.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which is true of megaspores?
- A.
They are hermaphroditic, producing both eggs and sperms
- B.
They are diploid
- C.
They are the female part of the reproductive process
- D.
They are the male part of the reproductive process
Correct Answer
C. They are the female part of the reproductive processExplanation
Megaspores are the female part of the reproductive process in plants. In plants, megaspores are produced within the ovule and develop into the female gametophyte, which contains the egg cells. This is in contrast to microspores, which develop into the male gametophyte and produce sperm cells. Megaspores are usually haploid, not diploid, and they play a crucial role in sexual reproduction by giving rise to the female reproductive structures.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which is not true about stomata
- A.
They are specialized pores
- B.
In hot, dry land, the stomata closes, minimizing water loss
- C.
They are found in all nonvascular plants
- D.
They are the main avenues by which water evaporates fromthe sporophyte
Correct Answer
C. They are found in all nonvascular plantsExplanation
Stomata are specialized pores found in the epidermis of plants that allow for gas exchange, including the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen. They are typically found in vascular plants, which have specialized tissues for transporting water and nutrients. Nonvascular plants, such as mosses and liverworts, lack these specialized tissues and therefore do not have stomata. Therefore, the statement that stomata are found in all nonvascular plants is not true.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What is the pine tree on the hillside?
- A.
A sporophyte
- B.
It is impossible to tell without examinging it more closely
- C.
A gametophyte
- D.
A protonema
Correct Answer
A. A sporophyteExplanation
The correct answer is "a sporophyte". This suggests that the pine tree on the hillside is in the sporophyte stage of its life cycle. The sporophyte stage is the dominant stage in the life cycle of most plants, including pine trees. In this stage, the plant produces spores through meiosis, which will eventually develop into the gametophyte stage.Rate this question:
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- 17.
All of the following are characteristic of angiosperms except?
- A.
Double internal fertilization
- B.
Free-living gametophytes
- C.
Flower production
- D.
Fruit
Correct Answer
B. Free-living gametophytesExplanation
Angiosperms are characterized by double internal fertilization, flower production, and fruit formation. However, they do not have free-living gametophytes. In angiosperms, the gametophytes are highly reduced and dependent on the sporophyte for nutrition and protection. This is in contrast to other groups of plants, such as ferns and mosses, where the gametophytes are free-living and independent.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which allows entry of the pollen grain into the ovary
- A.
A micropsore
- B.
Megaspore
- C.
Integument
- D.
Microphyle
Correct Answer
D. MicrophyleExplanation
The microphyle is a small opening in the ovule that allows the entry of the pollen grain into the ovary. It serves as a pathway for the pollen tube to reach the embryo sac and fertilize the egg cell. The other options, micropsore, megaspore, and integument, do not directly relate to the entry of the pollen grain into the ovary.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What is a fleshy fruit?
- A.
Grains
- B.
Beans
- C.
Grapes
- D.
Nuts
Correct Answer
C. GrapesExplanation
A fleshy fruit refers to a fruit that has a soft and juicy flesh surrounding its seeds. Grapes are considered fleshy fruits because they have a pulpy and succulent flesh that is easily edible. Grains, beans, and nuts, on the other hand, are not fleshy fruits as they have a harder and drier texture.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following statements does not describe a portion of the pine life cycle?
- A.
A pollen tube enters an ovule through a microphyle in the single integument
- B.
Meiosis occurs in sporangia
- C.
Female gametophytes use meiosis to produce eggs
- D.
Seeds are produced in ovulate cones
- E.
Pollen grains contain male gametophytes
Correct Answer
C. Female gametophytes use meiosis to produce eggsExplanation
Female gametophytes do not use meiosis to produce eggs. In the pine life cycle, female gametophytes produce eggs through mitosis, not meiosis. Meiosis occurs in sporangia, which produce spores that develop into male and female gametophytes. The pollen tube enters an ovule through a microphyle in the single integument, and pollen grains contain male gametophytes. Seeds are produced in ovulate cones.Rate this question:
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- 21.
In which of the following does double fertilization occur?
- A.
Bracheophytes
- B.
Gymnosperms
- C.
Angiosperms
- D.
Mosses
Correct Answer
C. AngiospermsExplanation
Double fertilization occurs in angiosperms. This process involves the fusion of two sperm cells with two different female gametes. One sperm fertilizes the egg cell to form the zygote, which develops into the embryo, while the other sperm combines with the polar nuclei to form the endosperm, a nutrient-rich tissue that nourishes the developing embryo. This unique reproductive mechanism is exclusive to angiosperms and is one of the key characteristics that distinguish them from other plant groups such as gymnosperms, bryophytes, and ferns.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which of the following is not a characteristic that distinguishes gymnospersm and angiosperms from other plants
- A.
Integuments
- B.
Alternation of generations
- C.
Ovules
- D.
Dependent gametophytes
Correct Answer
B. Alternation of generationsExplanation
The characteristic that distinguishes gymnosperms and angiosperms from other plants is alternation of generations. Gymnosperms and angiosperms have a life cycle that includes both a haploid gametophyte generation and a diploid sporophyte generation. This is in contrast to other plants, such as bryophytes, which have a dominant gametophyte generation and ferns, which have a dominant sporophyte generation. Therefore, alternation of generations is not a characteristic that distinguishes gymnosperms and angiosperms from other plants.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Gymnosperms and angiosperms have the following in common except
- A.
Pollen
- B.
Ovules
- C.
Ovaries
- D.
Seeds
Correct Answer
C. OvariesExplanation
Gymnosperms and angiosperms have several similarities, including the presence of pollen, ovules, and seeds. However, the one thing they do not have in common is ovaries. Ovaries are a unique characteristic of angiosperms, which are flowering plants. Ovaries are the female reproductive structures that contain the ovules and develop into fruits after fertilization. Gymnosperms, on the other hand, do not have ovaries. They have naked seeds that are not enclosed within a fruit.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which of the following gymnosperms produce a compound that is used as a decongestant?
- A.
Cycads
- B.
Pinetrees
- C.
Ginko biloba
- D.
Ephedra
Correct Answer
D. EphedraExplanation
Ephedra is the correct answer because it is a gymnosperm that produces a compound called ephedrine, which is commonly used as a decongestant. Ephedrine works by constricting blood vessels and reducing inflammation in the nasal passages, helping to relieve congestion and improve breathing. Cycads, pinetrees, and ginko biloba do not produce this compound and are not commonly used as decongestants.Rate this question:
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- 25.
A fruit is most commonly
- A.
A mature ovary
- B.
An enlarged ovule
- C.
A modified root
- D.
A mature female gameophyte
Correct Answer
A. A mature ovaryExplanation
The correct answer is a mature ovary. In plants, a fruit is the mature ovary of a flowering plant. It develops from the ovary after fertilization and contains seeds. The ovary wall thickens and matures into the fruit, providing protection and nourishment to the seeds. This allows for the dispersal of seeds through various means, such as animals eating the fruit and spreading the seeds through their droppings. Therefore, a fruit is most commonly a mature ovary.Rate this question:
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- 26.
With respect to angiosperms, which of the following is incorrectly paired with its chromosome count
- A.
Sperm-n
- B.
Zygote-2n
- C.
Megaspore-2n
- D.
Microspore-n
Correct Answer
C. Megaspore-2nExplanation
The correct pairing of chromosome count for angiosperms is sperm-n, zygote-2n, megaspore-n, and microspore-n. This means that the sperm cells have a haploid chromosome count, the zygote formed after fertilization has a diploid chromosome count, and both the megaspore and microspore have a haploid chromosome count. The incorrect pairing is megaspore-2n, as megaspores are haploid cells produced by meiosis in the ovule of a flower.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which structure is common to both gymnosperms and angiosperms?
- A.
Ovule
- B.
Ovary
- C.
Male stobilus
- D.
Carpel
Correct Answer
A. OvuleExplanation
The structure that is common to both gymnosperms and angiosperms is the ovule. Ovules are structures within the female reproductive organs of plants that contain the female gametes and develop into seeds after fertilization. Gymnosperms and angiosperms both have ovules, although their specific structures and arrangements may differ. The ovule plays a crucial role in the reproduction of both types of plants, making it the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 28.
In flowering plants the integuments of the ovule develop into a(n)
- A.
Cotyledon
- B.
Fruit
- C.
Sporophyte
- D.
Endosperm
- E.
Seed coat
Correct Answer
E. Seed coatExplanation
In flowering plants, the integuments of the ovule develop into a seed coat. The seed coat is the protective outer covering of the seed that helps to protect the embryo inside. It provides a barrier against mechanical damage, pathogens, and dehydration. The seed coat also helps in seed dispersal by allowing the seed to be transported by wind, water, or animals. Without a seed coat, the embryo would be vulnerable to external threats and would not be able to survive and grow into a new plant.Rate this question:
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- 29.
A stamen consist of a(n)
- A.
Stigma and anther
- B.
Ovary and speal
- C.
Stigma and filament
- D.
Stigma and style
- E.
Anther and filament
Correct Answer
E. Anther and filamentExplanation
A stamen is one of the male reproductive parts of a flower. It consists of two main components, the anther and the filament. The anther is responsible for producing and releasing pollen, while the filament supports the anther and positions it for optimal pollen dispersal. The other options listed in the question, such as stigma and style, ovary and speal, or stigma and filament, do not accurately describe the components of a stamen. Therefore, the correct answer is anther and filament.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Where and by which process are sperm produced in plants?
- A.
Meiosis is pollen grains
- B.
Mitosis in male gametophytes
- C.
Meiosis in anthers
- D.
Mitosis in embryo sac
Correct Answer
B. Mitosis in male gametophytesExplanation
Sperm is produced in plants through the process of mitosis in male gametophytes. Male gametophytes are the structures that produce pollen grains, and within these pollen grains, sperm cells are formed through mitotic division. This process allows for the production of genetically identical sperm cells, which are then transferred to the female reproductive organs of the plant for fertilization.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which of the following occurs in an angiosperm ovule?
- A.
A megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis
- B.
A pollen tube emerges to accept pollen after pollination
- C.
The endosperm surrounds the megaspore mother cell
- D.
The egg nucleus is usually diplid
Correct Answer
A. A megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosisExplanation
In an angiosperm ovule, a megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis. Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation of haploid cells, which have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. In this case, the megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to produce four haploid megaspores. One of these megaspores will go on to develop into the female gametophyte, which contains the egg cell. This process is essential for sexual reproduction in angiosperms.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which of the following is the male gametophyte of a flowering plant?
- A.
Microsporcyte
- B.
Stamen
- C.
Ovule
- D.
Pollen grain
Correct Answer
D. Pollen grainExplanation
The male gametophyte of a flowering plant is the pollen grain. The pollen grain is produced in the anther of the stamen and contains the male reproductive cells. It is released from the anther and is transported to the female reproductive structure of the flower, where it fertilizes the ovule. The microsporocyte is the precursor cell that undergoes meiosis to produce the pollen grain, while the stamen is the male reproductive organ that consists of the anther and filament. The ovule is the female reproductive structure of a flowering plant.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Within the female gametophyte three mitotic divisions of the megaspore produce
- A.
The triple fusion nucleau
- B.
Two antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, two eggs, and two synergids
- C.
Three pollen grains
- D.
Three antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, one egg and two synergids
Correct Answer
D. Three antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, one egg and two synergidsExplanation
The correct answer is three antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, one egg, and two synergids. This is because within the female gametophyte, three mitotic divisions of the megaspore occur, resulting in the formation of three antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, one egg, and two synergids.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Where does meiosis occur in flowering plants?
- A.
Pollen tube
- B.
Megasporocyte
- C.
Microsporocyte
- D.
Both b and c
Correct Answer
D. Both b and cExplanation
Meiosis occurs in both the megasporocyte and microsporocyte of flowering plants. Megasporocytes undergo meiosis to produce megaspores, which eventually develop into female gametophytes. On the other hand, microsporocytes undergo meiosis to produce microspores, which develop into male gametophytes. Therefore, both b and c options are correct as meiosis occurs in both the megasporocyte and microsporocyte of flowering plants.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Which of these is incorrectly paired with its life cycle generation?
- A.
Pollen-gametophyte
- B.
Embryo-sprophyte
- C.
Anther- gametophyte
- D.
Stamen-sporophyte
Correct Answer
C. Anther- gametophyteExplanation
The correct answer is anther-gametophyte. Anther is a part of the flower that contains pollen grains, which are the male gametophytes. The gametophyte generation is responsible for producing gametes, which in this case are the pollen grains. Therefore, anther is correctly paired with its life cycle generation, which is gametophyte.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in a pollen sac?
- A.
Two haploid cells-meiosis generative cell-tube cell-fertilization-pollen grain
- B.
Microsporocyte-meiosis-microspores- mitosis-two haploid cells per pollen grain
- C.
Pollen grain-meiosis-two generative cells-two tube cells per pollen grain
- D.
Pollen grain-mitosis-microspores-meiosis-generative cell plus tube cell
Correct Answer
B. Microsporocyte-meiosis-microspores- mitosis-two haploid cells per pollen grainExplanation
The correct sequence of events in a pollen sac is as follows: microsporocyte undergoes meiosis to produce microspores, which then undergo mitosis to form two haploid cells per pollen grain.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Which of these is incorrectly paired with its life cycle generation?
- A.
Pollen-gametophyte
- B.
Embryo-sporophyte
- C.
Anther-gametophyte
- D.
Stamen-sporophyte
Correct Answer
C. Anther-gametophyteExplanation
The correct answer is "anther-gametophyte" because anther is a part of the flower that produces pollen, which is the male gametophyte. The anther itself is not a gametophyte. The gametophyte generation in plants is responsible for producing gametes (reproductive cells), while the sporophyte generation produces spores.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of processes that takes place when a flowering plant reproduces?
- A.
Fertilization-meiosis-nuclear fusion-formation of embryo and endosperm
- B.
Meiosis-pollination-nuclear fusion-formation of embryo and endosperm
- C.
Meiosis-mitosis-nuclear fusion-pollen
- D.
Meiosis-fertilization-ovulation-germination
Correct Answer
B. Meiosis-pollination-nuclear fusion-formation of embryo and endosperm -
- 39.
A disadvantage of monoculture is that
- A.
It allows for the cultivation of large areas of land
- B.
Most grain crops self-pollinate
- C.
Genetic uniformity makes a crop vulnerable to a new pest or disease
- D.
The whole crop ripens at one time
Correct Answer
C. Genetic uniformity makes a crop vulnerable to a new pest or diseaseExplanation
Monoculture refers to the practice of growing a single crop over a large area of land. One disadvantage of monoculture is that it leads to genetic uniformity within the crop. When a crop has limited genetic diversity, it becomes more susceptible to pests and diseases. If a new pest or disease emerges, it can easily spread and devastate the entire crop since all plants have similar genetic traits and are therefore vulnerable in the same way. This lack of genetic variation makes it difficult for the crop to adapt and resist the threat, resulting in potential crop failure and economic losses.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Which of the following is true about vegatiative reproduction?
- A.
It produces clones
- B.
It involves meiosis only
- C.
It produces vegetables
- D.
It can lead to genetically altered forms of the species
Correct Answer
A. It produces clonesExplanation
Vegetative reproduction is a form of asexual reproduction in plants where new individuals are produced from vegetative parts such as stems, roots, or leaves. This process does not involve meiosis, which is the cell division process that produces genetically diverse cells. Instead, vegetative reproduction produces clones, which are genetically identical to the parent plant. This means that the offspring have the same genetic makeup as the parent, making them clones. Therefore, the statement "it produces clones" is true about vegetative reproduction.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Which of the following statements about a seed produced by apomixes is correct?
- A.
The embryo of the seed is a clone
- B.
The embryo consists of diploid cells derived from fertilization of a haploid egg by a haploid sperm
- C.
The seed coat is made of haploid cells derived from the ovule of a flower
- D.
A haploid embroyo is contained within the seed
Correct Answer
A. The embryo of the seed is a cloneExplanation
The correct answer is that the embryo of the seed is a clone. This means that the embryo is genetically identical to the parent plant, as it is produced through a process called apomixis, which involves the formation of a seed without fertilization. In apomixis, the embryo is formed from the maternal tissue of the plant, resulting in a clone of the parent.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Under which conditions would asexual plants have the greatest advantage over sexual plants?
- A.
An environment that varies on a regular predictable basis
- B.
An environment with irregular fluctuations of conditions
- C.
An environment with many seed predators
- D.
A relatively constant environment with infrequent disturbances
Correct Answer
D. A relatively constant environment with infrequent disturbancesExplanation
Asexual plants would have the greatest advantage over sexual plants in a relatively constant environment with infrequent disturbances. In such an environment, asexual reproduction allows plants to rapidly and efficiently produce offspring without the need for a mate. This ensures the preservation of favorable traits and allows for quick colonization of available resources. Sexual reproduction, on the other hand, requires the presence of compatible mates and is slower and less efficient in terms of population growth. In a stable environment with few disturbances, the advantages of asexual reproduction outweigh those of sexual reproduction.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Golden rice is a transgenic variety that
- A.
Produces much larger, golden grains that increase crop yeilds
- B.
Is resistant to a virus that commonly attacks rice fields
- C.
Contains daffodil genes that increase the vitamin A content
- D.
Is resistant to various herbicides making is practical to weed rice fields with those herbicides
Correct Answer
C. Contains daffodil genes that increase the vitamin A contentExplanation
Golden rice is a transgenic variety of rice that contains daffodil genes, which increase the vitamin A content. This modification is significant because vitamin A deficiency is a major health issue in many developing countries, leading to blindness and other health problems. By increasing the vitamin A content, golden rice has the potential to address this deficiency and improve the nutritional value of rice, especially in areas where rice is a staple food.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Pollen grain is to____ as____ is to female gamtophytes
- A.
Petal;sepal
- B.
Embryo sac;ovule
- C.
Anther; seed
- D.
Male gametophyte; embro sac
Correct Answer
D. Male gametophyte; embro sacExplanation
The given question is asking for a comparison between two sets of terms. The first term, "pollen grain," is related to the second term "embryo sac" in the same way as the term "male gametophyte" is related to the term "embryo sac." This means that just as a pollen grain is a male gametophyte, the embryo sac is also a female gametophyte. Therefore, the correct answer is "male gametophyte; embryo sac."Rate this question:
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- 45.
The largest cells of the typical angiosperm embryo sac is the
- A.
Egg cell
- B.
Antipodals
- C.
Central cell
- D.
Synergids
Correct Answer
C. Central cellExplanation
The central cell is the largest cell of the typical angiosperm embryo sac. It is located in the center of the embryo sac and plays a crucial role in fertilization. The central cell contains two polar nuclei, which fuse with a sperm cell during fertilization to form the endosperm, a nutrient-rich tissue that nourishes the developing embryo. This cell is larger than the other cells in the embryo sac, such as the egg cell, antipodals, and synergids, making it the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 46.
What is the relationship between pollination and fertilization in flowering plants
- A.
Pollen is formed within megasporangia so that male and female gametes are near each other
- B.
If fertilization occurs, pollination is unnessary
- C.
Pollination easily occurs between plants of different species
- D.
Pollination brings gametophytes together so that fertilization can occur
Correct Answer
D. Pollination brings gametophytes together so that fertilization can occurExplanation
Pollination is the process of transferring pollen from the male reproductive organ (anther) to the female reproductive organ (stigma) in flowering plants. This process brings the male and female gametophytes (pollen and ovule) together, allowing fertilization to occur. Fertilization is the fusion of the male and female gametes, resulting in the formation of a zygote, which develops into a seed. Therefore, pollination is necessary for fertilization to take place in flowering plants.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Recent research has shown that pollination requires that carpels recognize pollen grains as "self or nonself" for self-incompatibility, the system requi9res
- A.
The rejection of self cells
- B.
Rejection of nonself cells
- C.
Carpel incompatibility with the egg cells
- D.
That the flowers be incomplete
Correct Answer
A. The rejection of self cellsExplanation
The correct answer is "the rejection of self cells." Recent research has revealed that in order for successful pollination to occur, carpels need to be able to distinguish between self and nonself pollen grains. This is known as self-incompatibility. The system requires the rejection of self cells to prevent self-fertilization and promote genetic diversity. By rejecting self cells, carpels ensure that only compatible pollen grains are able to fertilize the egg cells, increasing the chances of successful reproduction.Rate this question:
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- 48.
A plant that has small, green petals in most likely to be
- A.
Bat-pollinated
- B.
Wind-pollinated
- C.
Bee-pollinated
- D.
Bird-pollinated
Correct Answer
B. Wind-pollinatedExplanation
A plant that has small, green petals is most likely wind-pollinated. This is because wind-pollinated plants often have inconspicuous flowers with small, non-showy petals. These plants rely on the wind to carry their pollen from the male reproductive organs to the female reproductive organs. Since wind cannot target specific flowers, wind-pollinated plants do not need to invest energy in producing attractive petals to attract pollinators like bees, birds, or bats. Instead, they produce large amounts of lightweight pollen that can be easily carried by the wind to increase the chances of successful pollination.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Which of the following statements is correct about the basal cell in a zygote
- A.
It forms the suspensor that anchors the embryo
- B.
It forms the proembryo
- C.
It result directly from the fertilization of the polar nuclei by a sperm nucleus
- D.
It develops into the root of the embryo
Correct Answer
A. It forms the suspensor that anchors the embryoExplanation
The basal cell in a zygote forms the suspensor that anchors the embryo. The suspensor is a structure that connects the developing embryo to the surrounding tissues and provides support for its growth. This allows the embryo to receive nutrients and oxygen from the parent plant. The basal cell is responsible for the formation of this important structure, ensuring the proper development and survival of the embryo.Rate this question:
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- 50.
When seeds germinate, the radicle emerges before the shoot. This allows the seedling to quickly
- A.
Initate photosynthesis
- B.
Obtain a dependable water supply
- C.
Avoid etolation
- D.
Mobilize stored carbohydrates
Correct Answer
B. Obtain a dependable water supplyExplanation
When seeds germinate, the radicle, which is the embryonic root, emerges before the shoot. This is because the radicle's primary function is to anchor the seedling into the soil and absorb water and nutrients. By emerging first, the radicle ensures that it can establish a dependable water supply for the seedling's growth and development. This is crucial for the seedling to survive and thrive, as water is essential for various physiological processes, including photosynthesis and the mobilization of stored carbohydrates for energy.Rate this question:
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Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
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Current Version
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Feb 23, 2014Quiz Created by
Carried889
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