Mixtures & Solutions Review

To test if the substance is chalk, one can check if it reacts with vinegar. Chalk, which is primarily composed of calcium carbonate, will produce carbon dioxide gas when it reacts with vinegar due to the acid-base reaction. This can be observed by the formation of bubbles or fizzing.

It is more accurate to measure in centimeters because centimeters provide a smaller unit of measurement compared to meters. This allows for more precise measurements, especially when dealing with smaller objects or distances. Meters, on the other hand, are better suited for larger measurements and longer distances. Therefore, for accuracy and precision, centimeters are the preferred unit of measurement.

The correct answer is "holes". The explanation for this is that the only distinguishing factor between a screen and filter paper is the size of the holes. A screen typically has larger holes that allow larger particles to pass through, while filter paper has smaller holes that can trap smaller particles and allow only the liquid or solution to pass through. The size of the holes determines the effectiveness of the screen or filter paper in separating particles from a solution.

Using water that has been in the refrigerator would dissolve less solute than warm water from the sink. This is because cold water has a lower kinetic energy compared to warm water. The lower kinetic energy of cold water molecules slows down the dissolution process, making it less effective in dissolving solutes. On the other hand, warm water molecules have higher kinetic energy, which increases the rate of dissolution and allows it to dissolve more solute.

A solution in which no more material will dissolve is saturated. In a saturated solution, the solvent has dissolved as much solute as it can at a given temperature and pressure. Any additional solute added will not dissolve and will remain as solid particles at the bottom of the container. This is because the solution has reached its maximum solubility limit.

To add water is to dilute. When water is added to a substance, it increases the volume of the mixture and reduces the concentration of the solute. This process is known as dilution.

Solutions can be separated through the process of evaporation. This involves heating the solution to a high temperature, causing the solvent (usually water) to evaporate and leave behind the solute. The evaporated solvent can then be collected and condensed to obtain a pure form of the solvent. This method is commonly used to separate mixtures of liquids or dissolve solids in a liquid.

An explosion is an example of the sign of chemical reaction called "heat release" because during an explosion, a large amount of energy is released in the form of heat. This heat is generated by the rapid reaction between substances, causing them to break apart and form new compounds. The release of heat is often accompanied by a release of light and sound as well.

When there is solute at the bottom, it indicates that the solution is saturated. Solute particles that are unable to dissolve any further settle down at the bottom, indicating that the solution cannot hold any more solute. This is a clear visual indication that the solution has reached its saturation point.

Carbon dioxide is used in fire extinguishers to put out fires because it is a non-flammable gas that displaces oxygen. When carbon dioxide is released from a fire extinguisher, it forms a blanket over the fire, cutting off the supply of oxygen and suffocating the flames. This effectively extinguishes the fire by removing one of the three elements necessary for combustion: oxygen. Oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen are not commonly used in fire extinguishers because they are either flammable or do not have the same suffocating effect as carbon dioxide.

If one lemonade mixture has twice as much water and twice as much powder as the first, it means that the ratio of water to powder is the same in both mixtures. Since concentration is defined as the amount of solute (powder) dissolved in a given amount of solvent (water), the concentration of both mixtures will be the same. Therefore, the correct answer is concentration.

A crystal is the solid form of a material that has a specific shape and pattern. Crystals have a regular and repeating arrangement of atoms or molecules, which gives them their distinct properties. These properties, such as shape and pattern, can be used to identify and classify different types of crystals.

Concentration will not go up forever if solute is continuously added because there is a limit to the amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent. Once the solvent becomes saturated with solute, adding more solute will not increase the concentration. At this point, any additional solute added will remain undissolved. Therefore, concentration cannot continue to increase indefinitely.

When water is added to baking soda, it dissolves. Baking soda is a soluble compound, which means it can be dissolved in water. When it dissolves, it forms a solution in which the baking soda molecules are evenly dispersed throughout the water molecules. This process is known as dissolution. No gas, chalk, or fire is produced when water is added to baking soda.

Solubility refers to the maximum amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a given amount of water. It is a measure of how well a substance can dissolve in water. Concentration, on the other hand, refers to the amount of a substance present in a given volume of solution. Flavor and reactant are unrelated to the ability of a substance to dissolve in water.

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To test a mixture that is believed to be a solution, filtering it and observing that it cannot be separated is a suitable approach. This suggests that the components of the mixture are completely dissolved and evenly distributed, indicating a solution rather than a suspension or colloid. By filtering the mixture and finding that it cannot be separated into distinct phases, it confirms the homogeneous nature of the solution.

The reactant in the reaction is calcium chloride.

Salt is less soluble than citric acid. Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent. In this case, since salt is less soluble, it means that it has a lower ability to dissolve in a solvent compared to citric acid.

The correct answer is solute. In a solution, the solute is the substance that gets dissolved and seems to disappear. It is usually present in a smaller amount compared to the solvent. The solvent, on the other hand, is the substance in which the solute dissolves and is usually present in a larger amount.

In a salt-water solution, water acts as the solvent. A solvent is a substance that dissolves another substance, called the solute, to form a solution. In this case, salt is the solute and water is the solvent. The water molecules surround and separate the ions of the salt, allowing them to dissolve and form a homogeneous mixture. Therefore, the correct answer is solvent.

The solution with the lowest concentration is A & B. This means that both solution A and solution B have a lower concentration compared to the other options (C and all of the above).

The bags allowed us to discover how much gas was created during our chemical reactions. This implies that the bags were used to collect and measure the amount of gas produced. By analyzing the gas content, we could determine the extent of the reaction and its efficiency. The bags served as a means of quantifying the gas generated, providing valuable information about the reaction's progress and outcomes.

The liquid that dissolves a solid material in a solution is called the solvent. A solvent is a substance that has the ability to dissolve other substances, known as solutes, to form a homogeneous mixture. In a solution, the solvent is present in a larger amount compared to the solute. The solvent molecules surround and separate the solute particles, allowing them to disperse evenly throughout the solution. Examples of solvents include water, alcohol, and acetone.

A new solid material formed as a result of a chemical reaction is called a precipitate. When two or more substances react chemically, they may form a solid product that is insoluble in the reaction mixture. This solid product, known as a precipitate, separates from the solution and can be observed as a solid material. Precipitates are often formed in reactions involving ions and can be identified by their distinct appearance and formation process.