Knee (Therex Test 4)
Questions and Answers
- 1.
________________ femoral condyle is longer than lateral condyle. As extension occurs, the articular surface of lateral condyle is used up while ~ 1/2 remains medially; therefore the _______ condyle must glide POSTERIORLY to use all o its articular surface.
Correct Answer
MedialExplanation
As extension occurs, the articular surface of the lateral condyle is used up while only about half of it remains medially. In order to utilize all of its articular surface, the medial condyle must glide posteriorly. This suggests that the medial condyle is longer than the lateral condyle.Rate this question:
- 2.
With knee extension in non weight bearing , there is External Rotation of tibia.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
When performing knee extension in a non-weight bearing position, the tibia (shin bone) undergoes external rotation. This means that the lower leg rotates outwardly away from the midline of the body. This is a correct statement as knee extension in a non-weight bearing position does indeed result in external rotation of the tibia.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following is true about Genu Valgum?
- A.
Greater load on lateral compartment
- B.
Greater load on medial compartment
- C.
Associated with coxa varum at hip
- D.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Greater load on lateral compartment
C. Associated with coxa varum at hip
D.Explanation
Genu Valgum is a condition characterized by the inward angling of the knees, causing the lower legs to curve outwards. This misalignment results in a greater load being placed on the lateral (outer) compartment of the knee joint, as the weight distribution is shifted towards the outside. Additionally, Genu Valgum is often associated with coxa varum at the hip, which refers to an abnormal outward angling of the femur bone. This combination of knee and hip misalignments can lead to further complications and increased stress on the affected joints.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following is true about Genu Varus?
- A.
Greater load on lateral compartment
- B.
Greater load on medial compartment
- C.
>180 degrees
- D.
Associated with coxa valgum
Correct Answer(s)
B. Greater load on medial compartment
C. >180 degrees
D. Associated with coxa valgumExplanation
Genu Varus is a condition where there is an abnormal outward angulation of the lower leg in relation to the thigh bone. This causes an increased load on the medial compartment of the knee joint, leading to greater stress and potential damage to the structures on that side. The statement ">180 degrees" is true because Genu Varus causes the lower leg to deviate outward, resulting in a larger angle between the thigh and lower leg. Genu Varus is also associated with coxa valgum, which is a condition characterized by a decreased angle between the neck and shaft of the femur.Rate this question:
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- 5.
An ACL injury usually occurs due to hyperextension, deceleration, rotational injury and is frequently associated with injuries to MCL & meniscus (unhappy triad).
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
An ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injury is commonly caused by hyperextension, deceleration, and rotational injuries. It is often associated with injuries to the MCL (medial collateral ligament) and meniscus, which is known as the unhappy triad. Therefore, the statement that an ACL injury is usually caused by hyperextension, deceleration, rotational injury, and is frequently associated with injuries to the MCL and meniscus is true.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Treatment for ACL injury include which of the following?
- A.
Avoid resisted open chain exercises
- B.
ACL repair
- C.
Closed chain exercises(cutting, deceleration, lateral movement, unstable surfaces, resisted rotational movement)
- D.
Avoid Closed chain exercises
Correct Answer(s)
A. Avoid resisted open chain exercises
B. ACL repair
C. Closed chain exercises(cutting, deceleration, lateral movement, unstable surfaces, resisted rotational movement)Explanation
The treatment for ACL injury includes a combination of avoiding resisted open chain exercises, ACL repair, and engaging in closed chain exercises such as cutting, deceleration, lateral movement, unstable surfaces, and resisted rotational movement. Resisted open chain exercises put stress on the ACL and should be avoided. ACL repair is often necessary to restore stability to the knee joint. Closed chain exercises help to improve strength, stability, and functional movement patterns in the knee. Therefore, the correct answer includes all of these treatment options.Rate this question:
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- 7.
This injury is most often a blow to the anterior aspect of the tibia and occasionally, hyperflexion, hyperextension, or a varus/vaglus injury:
- A.
ACL injury
- B.
PCL injury
- C.
MCL injury
- D.
LCL injury
Correct Answer
B. PCL injuryExplanation
A blow to the anterior aspect of the tibia or hyperflexion, hyperextension, or a varus/valgus injury can result in a PCL (Posterior Cruciate Ligament) injury. The PCL is located in the back of the knee and helps to stabilize the joint. When it is injured, it can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty with knee movement.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Treatment for PCL injury include which of the following?
- A.
Avoid closed chain exercises
- B.
Avoid open chain exercises
- C.
Open chain can increase posterior tibial translation
- D.
Closed chain exercises are used/ recommended
Correct Answer(s)
B. Avoid open chain exercises
C. Open chain can increase posterior tibial translation
D. Closed chain exercises are used/ recommendedExplanation
The correct answer is to avoid open chain exercises, as these can increase posterior tibial translation. Closed chain exercises are used and recommended for the treatment of PCL injury.Rate this question:
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- 9.
This ligament is usually torn as a result of valgus stress by a lateral blow or forced abduction of the tibia (skiing).
- A.
ACL Injury
- B.
PCL injury
- C.
MCL injury
- D.
LCL injury
Correct Answer
C. MCL injuryExplanation
The given explanation suggests that the ligament that is usually torn as a result of valgus stress by a lateral blow or forced abduction of the tibia (skiing) is the MCL (Medial Collateral Ligament) injury. This ligament is located on the inner side of the knee and is commonly injured during activities that involve a direct blow to the outer side of the knee or when the knee is forcefully pushed inward.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The ligament is less commonly injured, has fewer restrictions of the injury, and commonly results from hyperextension varus stress.
- A.
ACL injury
- B.
PCL injury
- C.
MCL injury
- D.
LCL injury
Correct Answer
D. LCL injuryExplanation
The given explanation suggests that the correct answer is LCL injury. This is because the ligament is less commonly injured, meaning it is not as frequently affected compared to other ligaments. Additionally, there are fewer restrictions in terms of the injury, indicating that it may not cause as much limitation or impairment. Lastly, the injury commonly results from hyperextension varus stress, which further supports the idea that the correct answer is LCL injury.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Treatment for LCL injury includes loading that must occur in the frontal and transverse planes, and length of time for ligament remodeling must be considered.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because the treatment for LCL (lateral collateral ligament) injury involves loading that occurs in both the frontal and transverse planes. This means that exercises and activities are designed to stress the ligament in different directions to promote healing and strengthening. Additionally, the length of time for ligament remodeling, which refers to the process of the ligament healing and becoming stronger, must be taken into consideration during the treatment process. Therefore, the statement is correct.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Meniscal injuries may include:
- A.
Partial meniscectomy
- B.
Full meniscectomy
- C.
Degenerative tears
- D.
Most often injured traumatically
Correct Answer(s)
A. Partial meniscectomy
C. Degenerative tears
D. Most often injured traumaticallyExplanation
Meniscal injuries can occur in several ways, including partial meniscectomy, degenerative tears, and traumatic injuries. Partial meniscectomy refers to the surgical removal of a portion of the meniscus, which may be necessary in cases of severe damage or tears. Degenerative tears, on the other hand, are caused by the gradual wear and tear of the meniscus over time. Lastly, meniscal injuries are most commonly caused by traumatic events, such as sports-related accidents or sudden twisting motions. These three factors encompass the range of meniscal injuries that can occur.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Treatment for meniscal injuries include which of the following?
- A.
Wt-bearing through large ROM should be avoided
- B.
WBAT permitted
- C.
PWBAT permitted
- D.
Progression is dictated by procedure
Correct Answer(s)
A. Wt-bearing through large ROM should be avoided
C. PWBAT permitted
D. Progression is dictated by procedureExplanation
The correct answer is a combination of options that outline the treatment for meniscal injuries. Wt-bearing through large ROM should be avoided to prevent further damage to the injured meniscus. PWBAT (partial weight-bearing as tolerated) is permitted to allow for some mobility and promote healing. The progression of treatment is dictated by the specific procedure performed, as different procedures may have different recovery timelines and requirements.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Lateral tracking of patella increases _________ & __________ within patellofemoral joint, and may result in pain, inflammation, joint degeneration and dislocation.
Correct Answer(s)
pressure/ frictionExplanation
Lateral tracking of the patella refers to the movement of the patella towards the outer side of the knee joint. This can increase pressure and friction within the patellofemoral joint. The increased pressure and friction can lead to various issues such as pain, inflammation, joint degeneration, and even dislocation of the patella. Therefore, it is important to ensure proper tracking of the patella to prevent these complications.Rate this question:
- 15.
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is caused by which of the following intrinsic factors?
- A.
Imbalance of VMO and Vastus Lateralis
- B.
Large Q angle
- C.
Tight ITB
- D.
Decreased slope of lateral facet on intercondylar groove of femur
Correct Answer(s)
A. Imbalance of VMO and Vastus Lateralis
C. Tight ITB
D. Decreased slope of lateral facet on intercondylar groove of femurExplanation
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) can be caused by several intrinsic factors. One of these factors is an imbalance between the VMO (vastus medialis obliquus) and the vastus lateralis muscles. This imbalance can lead to improper tracking of the patella, causing pain and discomfort. Another factor is a tight ITB (iliotibial band), which can also contribute to patellar malalignment. Lastly, a decreased slope of the lateral facet on the intercondylar groove of the femur can affect the tracking of the patella and lead to PFPS.Rate this question:
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- 16.
PFPS is caused by which of the following Extrinsic factors?
- A.
Imbalance of VMO and Vastus Lateralis
- B.
Large Q angle
- C.
Weak External rotators or Abductors of hip
- D.
Excessive pronation of foot
Correct Answer(s)
B. Large Q angle
C. Weak External rotators or Abductors of hip
D. Excessive pronation of footExplanation
PFPS, or patellofemoral pain syndrome, is a condition that causes pain in the front of the knee. It is commonly caused by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In this case, the extrinsic factors that can contribute to PFPS are a large Q angle, weak external rotators or abductors of the hip, and excessive pronation of the foot. A large Q angle refers to an angle formed by the line of pull of the quadriceps muscle and the patellar tendon, which can put excessive stress on the patellofemoral joint. Weak external rotators or abductors of the hip can lead to poor hip mechanics and abnormal knee movements. Excessive pronation of the foot can also contribute to altered lower extremity mechanics and increased stress on the patellofemoral joint.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Treatment for PFPS include which of the following?
- A.
Address symptoms especially during knee extension
- B.
Patellar taping
- C.
Quad strengthening and control once pain is in check
- D.
Can be CC or OC
- E.
Eccentric control exercises
- F.
Exercise difficulty is dictated by total target ROM
Correct Answer(s)
A. Address symptoms especially during knee extension
B. Patellar taping
C. Quad strengthening and control once pain is in check
D. Can be CC or OC
E. Eccentric control exercises
F. Exercise difficulty is dictated by total target ROMExplanation
The correct answer includes a range of treatment options for patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). These include addressing symptoms during knee extension, using patellar taping, strengthening the quadriceps and improving control once pain is under control, considering closed chain or open chain exercises, incorporating eccentric control exercises, and adjusting exercise difficulty based on the total target range of motion. These treatment approaches aim to alleviate symptoms, provide support to the patella, improve muscle strength and control, and gradually progress the exercises to restore full range of motion.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Treatment for fractures of the knee must be surgically fixated and AROM/PROM exercises include flexion and extension.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Fractures of the knee typically require surgical fixation in order to promote proper healing and alignment of the bones. Additionally, active range of motion (AROM) and passive range of motion (PROM) exercises are commonly prescribed to help restore flexibility and strength to the knee joint. These exercises often involve flexion and extension movements to improve the range of motion in the knee. Therefore, the statement that treatment for fractures of the knee must be surgically fixated and AROM/PROM exercises include flexion and extension is true.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Treatment for OA/DJD is arthroscope and TKR/THA
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Treatment = Arthroscope and TKR/TKARate this question:
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- 20.
This results from repetitive trauma on tibial tuberosity or repeated tension to patella tendon in young athletes (common in adolescent boys during growth spurts).
- A.
ACL
- B.
PCL
- C.
PFPS
- D.
Osgood Schlatter Disease
Correct Answer
D. Osgood Schlatter DiseaseExplanation
Osgood Schlatter Disease is a condition that occurs due to repetitive trauma on the tibial tuberosity or repeated tension to the patella tendon in young athletes, particularly adolescent boys during growth spurts. This condition is characterized by pain and swelling below the knee, specifically at the tibial tuberosity. The repetitive stress on the growth plate causes inflammation and can lead to the formation of a bony bump. Therefore, Osgood Schlatter Disease is the correct answer in this case.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Osgood Schlatter Disease is also known as traction apophysis and treatment includes rest, ice, stretching quads and other tight muscles.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Osgood Schlatter Disease, also known as traction apophysis, is a condition that commonly affects adolescents who are active in sports. The treatment for this condition typically involves rest, ice, and stretching of the quadriceps and other tight muscles. Therefore, the statement that the treatment includes rest, ice, and stretching quads and other tight muscles is true.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Knee flexion ROM is 120 degrees and extension is 0 degrees.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Knee flexion= 135 degreesRate this question:
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- 23.
Quad lag= unable to hold leg straight ( flexed knee during SLR).
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Quad lag refers to the inability to fully extend the leg while performing a straight leg raise (SLR). This means that the knee remains flexed during the SLR instead of being straightened. Therefore, the statement "Quad lag= unable to hold leg straight (flexed knee during SLR)" is true.Rate this question:
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- 24.
An Anterior glide at the hip is used to increase extension and external rotation.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
An anterior glide at the hip refers to a movement where the femur bone moves forward in relation to the hip joint. This movement can help increase extension and external rotation of the hip joint. By gliding the femur bone forward, it allows for greater range of motion in these directions. Therefore, the statement that an anterior glide at the hip is used to increase extension and external rotation is true.Rate this question:
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- 25.
A Posterior glide at the hip is used to increase ________ and internal rotation.
Correct Answer
flexionExplanation
A posterior glide at the hip refers to a movement where the femur (thigh bone) is moved posteriorly (backwards) in relation to the pelvis. This movement helps to increase flexion, which is the bending of the hip joint, and also increases internal rotation of the hip.Rate this question:
- 26.
A Tibiofemoral Anterior Glide is used to increase __________.
Correct Answer
extensionExplanation
A Tibiofemoral Anterior Glide is a manual technique used to increase the range of motion in extension at the knee joint. This technique involves applying a gentle anterior force on the tibia to promote the sliding or gliding of the tibiofemoral joint surfaces. By doing so, it helps to improve the extension range of motion, allowing the knee joint to fully straighten. This can be beneficial in cases where there is limited extension due to factors such as muscle tightness, joint stiffness, or post-surgical rehabilitation.Rate this question:
- 27.
A Tibiofemoral Posterior Glide is used to increase ________.
Correct Answer
flexionExplanation
A Tibiofemoral Posterior Glide is a technique used to increase flexion. This technique involves applying a posterior force on the tibia to promote movement of the knee joint into a deeper flexed position. By doing so, it helps to improve the range of motion and flexibility in the knee joint, ultimately increasing the ability to flex the knee.Rate this question:
- 28.
Patellofemoral mob. superior glide is used to increase __________.
Correct Answer
extensionExplanation
Patellofemoral mobilization with superior glide is a technique used to increase extension in the knee joint. This technique involves applying a gentle force to the patella (kneecap) in a superior (upward) direction, which helps to mobilize the joint and improve its range of motion in extension. By promoting superior glide of the patella, this mobilization technique can help to increase the ability to fully straighten the knee joint, thus improving extension.Rate this question:
- 29.
Patellofemoral mob. Posterior glide is used to increase _____________.
Correct Answer
flexionExplanation
Patellofemoral mobilization with posterior glide is a technique used to increase flexion at the knee joint. This technique involves applying a posterior force on the patella to promote gliding of the patella in a posterior direction. By doing so, it helps to improve the range of motion and flexibility of the knee joint, specifically increasing the ability to bend the knee further into flexion.Rate this question:
- 30.
The capsular pattern of the knee include _________ which is limited more than ______.
Correct Answer
flexion/ extensionExplanation
The capsular pattern of the knee refers to the characteristic pattern of joint restriction seen in certain conditions. In this case, the capsular pattern of the knee involves limited flexion more than extension. This means that when there is a capsular issue in the knee joint, the ability to fully flex the knee (bend it) is more restricted compared to the ability to fully extend the knee (straighten it).Rate this question:
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