Nematodes Quiz: MCQs With Answers

Hookworm and Strongyloides infection are usually acquired through contact of the skin with infected soil. This is because the larvae of these parasites live in the soil and can penetrate the skin when a person comes into direct contact with the contaminated soil. Once inside the body, these parasites migrate to the intestines and cause infection. The other options, such as bite of the adult or ingestion of contaminated food, are not the usual modes of transmission for these infections.

The correct answer is Onchocerca volvulus. River blindness, also known as onchocerciasis, is caused by the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus. This worm is transmitted to humans through the bites of infected blackflies. The larvae of the worm migrate to the skin and eyes, causing severe itching, skin rashes, and visual impairment or blindness. Loa loa is another parasitic worm that causes a different disease called loiasis, but it is not responsible for river blindness. Therefore, the correct answer is Onchocerca volvulus.

The filariform larva stage of Ancylostoma duodenale is infective to human beings. This larval stage is found in the soil and can penetrate the skin of humans, leading to infection. Once inside the body, the filariform larvae migrate to the small intestine where they develop into adult worms and cause the parasitic infection known as hookworm disease. The other stages mentioned, such as the rhabditiform larva and eggs, are not directly infective to humans.

Capillaria philippinensis is the correct answer because it is a nematode that does not pass through the lungs during its life cycle. Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, and Ascaris lumbricoides are all nematodes that do pass through the lungs at some point during their life cycles.

Capillaria philippinensis is not capable of skin penetration. The other three parasites listed, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, and Strongyloides stercoralis, are all known to be capable of penetrating the skin.

The correct answer is Ancylostoma duodenale. Ancylostoma duodenale is a parasitic worm that infects the small intestine of humans. It has two pairs of ventral teeth located in its buccal capsule. These teeth are used by the worm to attach itself to the intestinal wall and feed on the host's blood. This adaptation allows Ancylostoma duodenale to survive and thrive in its host's body.

Semilunar cutting plates are found in the buccal capsule of Necator americanus. These cutting plates are specialized structures that help the parasite to attach to and feed on the host's intestinal wall. They have a crescent shape and are used to cut through the host's tissue during the feeding process. Ancylostoma duodenale, Capillaria philippinensis, and Ascaris lumbricoides do not possess these specific cutting plates in their buccal capsules.

The correct answer is Loa Loa. Loa Loa is a parasitic worm that causes Loiasis, also known as African eye worm. The mango fly, also known as the deer fly or mango worm fly, is the vector for transmitting Loa Loa to humans. Onchocerca volvulus, on the other hand, is transmitted by black flies and causes river blindness. Therefore, the mango fly is specifically associated with the transmission of Loa Loa.

Fugitive or calabar swelling is a symptom that can be seen in infection with Loa Loa. This parasitic infection is caused by Loa Loa worms, which are transmitted through the bite of infected deer flies or mango flies. The worms migrate through the subcutaneous tissues, causing localized swelling and inflammation. This swelling is often transient and can move from one area of the body to another, hence the term "fugitive" swelling. Onchocerca volvulus is another parasitic infection that can cause skin-related symptoms, but it does not typically cause fugitive swelling. Therefore, the correct answer is Loa Loa.

A graceful curve with distinct rows of nuclei is characteristic of Wuchereria bancrofti.

The tail tip of microfilariae of Brugia malayi contains 2 nuclei.

Necator americanus, also known as the New World hookworm, has different stages in its life cycle. The adult worm is the feeding stage, as it attaches to the host's intestinal wall and feeds on blood. The rhabditiform larva and filariform larva are immature stages, with the rhabditiform being a non-infective feeding stage in the soil and the filariform being the infective stage that penetrates the host's skin. Eggs are not a feeding stage; they are produced by the adult worm and excreted in the host's feces.

Heart and lung migration is observed in both Ancylostoma duodenale and Strongyloides stercoralis. This means that both of these parasites have the ability to migrate to the heart and lungs of their host organisms. This migration is a characteristic feature of these parasites and is important for their life cycle and survival.

Cochin china diarrhea is caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. This parasitic nematode infects the small intestine of humans and can cause symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus are hookworms that can cause anemia and intestinal symptoms, but they do not specifically cause Cochin china diarrhea. Capillaria philippinensis is a parasite that can cause intestinal infection, but it is not associated with Cochin china diarrhea.

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