Natural Selection & Acquired Characteristics

Charles Darwin is the correct answer because he is widely known for his contributions to the Theory of Natural Selection. Darwin conducted extensive research on the Galapagos Islands, where he studied different species of finches. Through his observations, Darwin developed the theory that species evolve over time through a process of natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. His work revolutionized the field of biology and is considered one of the most important scientific theories in history.

Charles Darwin developed his theory on the Galapagos Islands. This is where he conducted extensive research and observations on the unique flora and fauna of the islands, which eventually led to the formulation of his theory of evolution by natural selection. The Galapagos Islands provided Darwin with a diverse range of species and ecosystems, allowing him to study the variations and adaptations that occur in different environments. His time on the Galapagos Islands was instrumental in shaping his groundbreaking ideas about the origin and diversity of species.

The theory of natural selection involves the idea of 'survival of the fittest', which means that individuals with the most favorable traits for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on those traits to future generations. Over time, the traits that are less advantageous or undesirable will gradually be eliminated from the gene pool, resulting in a population that is better adapted to its environment.

Lamarck's Theory of Acquired Characteristics is considered invalid in today's society because it proposes that an organism can pass on traits acquired during its lifetime to its offspring. However, modern understanding of genetics and inheritance has shown that traits acquired during an individual's lifetime cannot be inherited by future generations. Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection, on the other hand, is widely accepted and supported by evidence in the scientific community.

Natural selection acts to preserve minor advantageous genetic mutations. This means that these beneficial mutations are more likely to be passed on to future generations, increasing the overall fitness of the population. By preserving these advantageous traits, natural selection helps to drive the evolution of species over time.

This example fits with the Theory of Acquired Characteristics because it suggests that the physical trait of having large, prominent scars on the face can be passed down from parent to offspring. According to the theory, traits acquired during an individual's lifetime can be inherited by their offspring. In this case, the woman acquired the scar through a car accident, and her children also have the same trait of having large scars on their faces. This supports the idea that acquired characteristics can be passed down through generations.