Population Ecology 2
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- 1.An example of a density-dependent factor that influences the size of a population is:
- A.
Competition
- B.
Predation
- C.
A fire
- D.
Two of the responses are correct
- E.
All of the responses are correct
- 2.A typical r-selected organism might be a(n) ; a K-selected organism might be a(n) .
- A.
Mouse, elephant
- B.
Elephant, mouse
- C.
Mouse, rabbit
- D.
Rabbit, fly
- E.
Rabbit, mouse
- 3.Generally r-selected organisms exhibit:
- A.
Short life spans and little parental care of offspring
- B.
Long life spans extended parental care of offspring
- C.
Long development time to maturity, but small body size
- D.
Large body size and extended parental care of offspring
- E.
Large body size, but short life spans
- 4.Species that show a type I survivorship curve would be expected to:
- A.
Be K-selected
- B.
Have high mortality early in life
- C.
Have constant mortality throughout life
- D.
Have high mortality late in life
- E.
Two responses are correct
- 5.Organisms such as oysters or fish that produce millions of eggs per year may be characterized as:
- A.
R-selected and having a type I survivor-ship curve
- B.
K-selected and having a type I survivor-ship curve
- C.
R-selected and having a type II survivor-ship curve
- D.
K-selected and having a type II survivor-ship curve
- E.
R-selected and having a type III survivor-ship curve
- 6.In a population characterized by type III survivor-ship, the probability of survival with age.
- A.
Increases
- B.
Decreases
- C.
Does not change
- D.
Is variable
- E.
None of the responses are correct
- 7.Pest or weedy species are typically and exhibit survivor-ship curves
- A.
R-selected, I
- B.
R-selected, II
- C.
R-selected, III
- D.
K-selected, I
- E.
K-selected, III
- 8.Compare and contrast r-selected and K-selected organisms. Give one example of each.
- 9.Natural selection involves energetic trade-offs between or among life history traits such as:
- A.
Number of offspring per reproductive episode
- B.
Number of reproductive episodes per lifetime
- C.
Age at first reproduction
- D.
Only A and C are correct
- E.
A, B and C are correct
- 10.Which of the following is a density-independent factor limiting human population growth?
- A.
Social pressure for birth control
- B.
Earthquakes
- C.
Plagues
- D.
Famines
- 11.Which survivor-ship curve is typical of organisms like deciduous trees that experience a high early mortality and, once established, manage to live a long time?
- A.
Type I
- B.
Type II
- C.
Type III
- D.
None of these are correct
- 12.The type I survivor-ship curve is typical for modern humans living in industrialized societies. What type of survivor-ship curve is characteristic of humans long ago, or that probably occurs in impoverished underdeveloped countries?
- A.
Type I
- B.
Type II
- C.
Type III
- D.
None of these are correct
- 13.Define the terms primary and secondary ecological succession.
- 14.Life history traits reflect evolutionary adaptations of reproduction strategies and age-specific distribution of reproduction and mortality. For each of these adaptations describe 2 examples.
- 15.Carrying capacity can not be dynamic
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 16.Which of the following can contribute to density-dependent regulation of populations?
- A.
The accumulation of toxic wastes
- B.
Intraspecific competition for nutrients
- C.
Predation
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
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