Nervous System Quiz Test

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Quizzes Created: 1 | Total Attempts: 275

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1/60 Questions

The cell bodies of motor neurons lie:
- In the dorsal root ganglion
- In the posterior horn of spinal gray matter
- In the anterior [ventral horn] of spinal gray matter
- In the white matter of the spinal cord

About This Quiz

The nervous system is one of the very important human body systems. Basically, it involves the central and the peripheral nervous sub systems, which use the brain and the spinal cord. The quiz below has more.

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2.

What is the difference between stretch reflex and superficial reflexes?
- Superficial reflexes are seen in superficial areas of the body while the stretch reflexes are seen in organs that stretch
- Superficial reflexes involve higher centers while the stretch reflex only involves the spinal cord
- Superficial reflexes involve the spinal cord while the stretch reflex involves the higher centers
- ANATOMY SUCKS :) :) :)
Correct Answer

A. Superficial reflexes involve higher centers while the stretch reflex only involves the spinal cord

Explanation

Superficial reflexes are reflex actions that involve higher centers in the brain, meaning that they require the integration of sensory information in the brain before a response is generated. On the other hand, the stretch reflex is a simple reflex that only involves the spinal cord. This means that the stretch reflex is a direct response to a stimulus without the need for higher brain involvement.

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3.

Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
- Dorsal rami carry afferent fibers and ventral rami carry efferent fibers
- Dorsal and ventral rami carry afferent and efferent fibers
- Dorsal roots carry efferent impulses and ventral roots carry afferent impulses
- Motor fibers enter the spinal cord and sensory fibers leave the spinal cord through dorsal and ventral rami respectively
Correct Answer

A. Dorsal and ventral rami carry afferent and efferent fibers

Explanation

The correct answer is that dorsal and ventral rami carry afferent and efferent fibers. This means that both the dorsal and ventral rami of the spinal nerves contain both sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent) fibers. These fibers are responsible for transmitting information to and from the spinal cord, allowing for both sensory perception and motor control. This statement accurately describes the function of the dorsal and ventral rami.

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4.

How are spinal nerves connected to the spinal cord?
- By dorsal or efferent roots, and ventral or afferent roots
- By dorsal or afferent roots, and ventral or efferent roots
- By dorsal root ganglia and ventral root ganglia
- By dorsal and ventral rami
Correct Answer

A. By dorsal or afferent roots, and ventral or efferent roots

Explanation

Spinal nerves are connected to the spinal cord by dorsal or afferent roots, which transmit sensory information from the body to the spinal cord, and ventral or efferent roots, which transmit motor commands from the spinal cord to the body.

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5.

What is the distribution of spinal nerves?
- 7 cervical, 21 thoracic, 13 lumbar, 5 sacral and 2 coccygeal
- 8 cervical, 21 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral and 5 coccygeal
- 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral and 4 coccygeal
- 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral and 1 coccygeal
Correct Answer

A. 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral and 1 coccygeal

Explanation

The distribution of spinal nerves includes 8 cervical nerves, 12 thoracic nerves, 5 lumbar nerves, 5 sacral nerves, and 1 coccygeal nerve.

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6.

Select the statement that is CORRECT:
- Ganglia associated with afferent nerve fibers contain cell bodies of sensory neurons
- The cell bodies of afferent fibers are located in the spinal cord
- All cranial nerves are mixed nerves
- The dorsal root ganglion is a motor only structure
Correct Answer

A. Ganglia associated with afferent nerve fibers contain cell bodies of sensory neurons

Explanation

The correct answer is "Ganglia associated with afferent nerve fibers contain cell bodies of sensory neurons." This statement is correct because ganglia, which are clusters of nerve cell bodies, are associated with afferent nerve fibers. Afferent nerve fibers are responsible for carrying sensory information from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system. Therefore, the cell bodies of these sensory neurons are located in the ganglia associated with these afferent fibers.

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7.

The components of a reflex arc are ?
- Receptor, effector, organ, integration center
- Receptor, afferent neuron, effector, organ, integration center
- Receptor, efferent neuron, effector neuron, organ, integration center
- Receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector
Correct Answer

A. Receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector

Explanation

The components of a reflex arc include a receptor, which detects the stimulus; an afferent neuron, which carries the sensory information from the receptor to the integration center; an integration center, which processes the information and determines the appropriate response; an efferent neuron, which carries the motor information from the integration center to the effector; and an effector, which carries out the response to the stimulus.

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8.

There are 33 pairs of spinal nerves
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The statement that there are 33 pairs of spinal nerves is false. In reality, there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge from the spinal cord and are responsible for transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body. Each pair of spinal nerves is associated with a specific region of the body and plays a crucial role in motor control and sensory perception.

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9.

Efferent fibers:
- Are motor fibers
- Exit through the ventral root
- Carry information from the CNS
- All of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

Efferent fibers are motor fibers that exit through the ventral root and carry information from the CNS. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above" as all the statements mentioned are true.

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10.

Drinking orange juice (which contains citric acid) causes release of enzymes from the stomach because of stimulation of certain receptors. Which of the following receptors do you think are most likely to be stimulated?
- Proprioceptors
- Nociceptors
- Photoreceptors
- Chemoreceptors
Correct Answer

A. Chemoreceptors

Explanation

Drinking orange juice, which contains citric acid, stimulates the release of enzymes from the stomach. This suggests that certain receptors are being stimulated. Among the options given, chemoreceptors are the most likely to be stimulated. Chemoreceptors are sensory receptors that respond to chemical stimuli, such as the presence of citric acid in orange juice. They are responsible for detecting and responding to changes in the chemical composition of the environment, making them the most suitable receptors to be stimulated in this scenario.

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11.

What system innervates skeletal muscles?
- Somatic nervous system
- Sympathetic nervous system
- Parasympathetic nervous system
- The anatomy sucks system :) :)
Correct Answer

A. Somatic nervous system

Explanation

The somatic nervous system is responsible for innervating skeletal muscles. This system controls voluntary movements and allows us to consciously control our muscles. It sends signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, allowing us to move and perform various actions. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, on the other hand, control involuntary functions and do not directly innervate skeletal muscles.

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12.

There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves
- True
- False
- Option 3
- Option 4
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

There are indeed 12 pairs of cranial nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for various functions related to sensory and motor activities of the head and neck. Each cranial nerve has a specific function and innervates different regions of the head and neck, including the face, eyes, ears, and tongue. Therefore, the statement "There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves" is correct.

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13.

Nerves involved with movements of the eyeball are..
- First, seventh and third cranial nerves
- Fourth, sixth and seventh cranial nerves
- Third, fourth and sixth cranial nerves
- Seventh, sixth and fourth cranial nerves
Correct Answer

A. Third, fourth and sixth cranial nerves

Explanation

The correct answer is "Third, fourth and sixth cranial nerves." The third cranial nerve, also known as the oculomotor nerve, controls most of the movements of the eyeball. The fourth cranial nerve, also known as the trochlear nerve, is responsible for the downward and inward movement of the eyeball. The sixth cranial nerve, also known as the abducens nerve, controls the lateral movement of the eyeball. These three cranial nerves work together to coordinate the movements of the eyeball in different directions.

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14.

Which of the following cranial nerves is associated with taste?
- Cranial nerve VII and VIII
- Cranial nerve V and VII
- Cranial nerve VII and VIII
- Cranial nerve IX
- Cranial nerve VII,IX and X
Correct Answer

A. Cranial nerve VII,IX and X

Explanation

Cranial nerves VII, IX, and X are associated with taste. Cranial nerve VII, also known as the facial nerve, carries taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. Cranial nerve IX, also known as the glossopharyngeal nerve, carries taste sensations from the posterior one-third of the tongue. Cranial nerve X, also known as the vagus nerve, carries taste sensations from the epiglottis and the lower pharynx. These three cranial nerves collectively innervate the taste buds on different regions of the tongue and throat, allowing us to perceive different tastes.

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15.

The muscles of the tongue are innervated by the..
- XII cranial nerve or hypoglossal
- X, cranial nerve or vagus
- IX cranial nerve or glossopharyngeal
- XI cranial nerve or accessory
Correct Answer

A. XII cranial nerve or hypoglossal

Explanation

The muscles of the tongue are innervated by the XII cranial nerve or hypoglossal. This nerve controls the movement of the tongue and allows for speech, swallowing, and chewing. Damage to the hypoglossal nerve can result in difficulty with these functions, such as slurred speech or difficulty swallowing.

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16.

The blind spot of the eye contains no photoreceptors
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The blind spot of the eye refers to the area on the retina where the optic nerve exits the eye. This area lacks photoreceptor cells, specifically rods and cones, which are responsible for detecting light and converting it into electrical signals that the brain can interpret. As a result, no visual information can be perceived in the blind spot. Therefore, the statement "The blind spot of the eye contains no photoreceptors" is true.

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17.

All of the following are actions of the sympathetic nervous system, except?
- Increase in heart rate
- Respiratory rate increase
- Bronchodilatation
- Pupillary constriction
- Increase in Blood pressure
Correct Answer

A. Pupillary constriction

Explanation

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which prepares the body for action. It increases heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and causes bronchodilation to allow more oxygen into the lungs. However, it does not cause pupillary constriction. In fact, the sympathetic nervous system causes pupillary dilation to allow more light into the eyes and enhance vision in preparation for potential danger or heightened awareness.

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18.

You have just had a hearty meal at the Crazy Grill. Which component of the nervous system is going to kick in in order to help you digest the meal?
- Parasympathetic nervous system
- Sympathetic nervous system
- Central nervous system
- Peripheral nervous sysem
Correct Answer

A. Parasympathetic nervous system

Explanation

After a hearty meal, the parasympathetic nervous system kicks in to help you digest the meal. This branch of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for promoting rest and digest activities. It stimulates the secretion of digestive enzymes, increases blood flow to the digestive organs, and promotes peristalsis, which helps move food through the digestive tract. The parasympathetic nervous system works in opposition to the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the fight or flight response.

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19.

The sympathetic nervous system normally causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels in all of the following regions, EXCEPT:
- Skin
- Kidneys
- Skeletal muscle
- Gastrointestinal tract
Correct Answer

A. Skeletal muscle

Explanation

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight or flight response in the body. It causes vasoconstriction, or narrowing of blood vessels, in most regions of the body to redirect blood flow to vital organs and muscles. However, in skeletal muscle, the sympathetic nervous system causes vasodilation instead of vasoconstriction. This allows for increased blood flow to the muscles during times of physical activity or stress. Therefore, the correct answer is skeletal muscle.

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20.

The central nervous component of the parasympathetic nervous system originates in the:
- Brain and thoracic segments of the spinal cord
- Thoracic and lumbar segments of the spinal cord
- Cervical and sacral segments of the spinal cord
- Brain and sacral segments of the spinal cord
- Cervical and thoracic segments of the spinal cord
Correct Answer

A. Brain and sacral segments of the spinal cord

Explanation

The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for rest and digest activities. It originates in the brain and sacral segments of the spinal cord. The brain sends signals to the sacral segments of the spinal cord, which then relay those signals to various organs and tissues in the body. This allows for the regulation of various bodily functions such as digestion, elimination, and sexual arousal.

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21.

The parasympathetic nervous system is involved in:
- Flight/fright/fight responses
- Secretion of salivary glands
- Pupillary dilatation
- Increase in respiratory rate
Correct Answer

A. Secretion of salivary glands

Explanation

The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for controlling the body's rest and digest functions. It promotes relaxation and conserves energy. One of the functions controlled by the parasympathetic system is the secretion of salivary glands. When the parasympathetic system is activated, it stimulates the production and release of saliva, which aids in digestion. Therefore, the correct answer is secretion of salivary glands.

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22.

The thought of a juicy steak makes you salivate. This is an example of what type of reflex ?
- Autonomic reflex
- Superficial reflex
- Stretch reflex
- Somatic reflex
Correct Answer

A. Autonomic reflex

Explanation

The thought of a juicy steak causing salivation is an example of an autonomic reflex. Autonomic reflexes are involuntary responses controlled by the autonomic nervous system, which regulates bodily functions such as digestion. Salivation is controlled by the autonomic nervous system, specifically the parasympathetic division, which is responsible for rest and digestion. Therefore, the salivation response to the thought of a juicy steak is an example of an autonomic reflex.

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23.

Salivation and lacrimation are examples of:
- An autonomic reflex
- A stretch reflex
- A deep tendon reflex
- A superficial reflex
Correct Answer

A. An autonomic reflex

Explanation

Salivation and lacrimation are examples of autonomic reflexes because they are involuntary responses controlled by the autonomic nervous system. These reflexes are not under conscious control and are regulated by the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. Salivation refers to the production of saliva in response to certain stimuli, such as the smell or taste of food, while lacrimation refers to the production of tears in response to irritation or emotion. Both of these reflexes are important for maintaining the health and function of the digestive and visual systems, respectively.

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24.

Your friend Amanda runs into your room, breathing rapidly, has dilated pupils, is sweating profusely and tells you her heart is pounding and beating really fast. Her story is, that she was almost carjacked. Which part of the nervous system is most responsible for her present state?
- Sympathetic nervous system
- Parasympathetic nervous system
- Somatic system
- Nervous system
Correct Answer

A. Sympathetic nervous system

Explanation

Amanda's symptoms, such as rapid breathing, dilated pupils, sweating, and a pounding heart, are all characteristic of the "fight or flight" response, which is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system. This system is responsible for activating the body's physiological responses to perceived threats or stressors, preparing the body for immediate action. In this case, Amanda's encounter with the potential carjacking triggered her sympathetic nervous system, causing these physical symptoms. The parasympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, is responsible for promoting relaxation and restoring the body to its normal state after the threat has passed. The somatic system controls voluntary movements, while the nervous system encompasses the entire network of nerves in the body.

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25.

The neurotransmitter released in the parasympathetic nervous system is:
- GABA
- Serotinin
- Dopamine
- Acetylcholine
Correct Answer

A. Acetylcholine

Explanation

Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter released in the parasympathetic nervous system. It plays a key role in transmitting signals between nerve cells and is involved in various bodily functions such as regulating heart rate, digestion, and promoting relaxation. GABA, serotonin, and dopamine are neurotransmitters involved in other functions within the nervous system, but they are not specifically associated with the parasympathetic nervous system.

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26.

The auditory area is located in the:
- Parietal lobe
- Temporal lobe
- Frontal lobe
- Occipital lobe
Correct Answer

A. Temporal lobe

Explanation

The auditory area is responsible for processing sound information and is located in the temporal lobe of the brain. This area is specifically involved in the perception and interpretation of auditory stimuli, including language and music. The temporal lobe is located on the sides of the brain, near the temples, and is involved in various functions related to memory, language, and hearing.

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27.

Object recognition by touch and texture is a function of the frontal lobe
- True
- False
- Option 3
- Option 4
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The given statement that "Object recognition by touch and texture is a function of the frontal lobe" is incorrect. Object recognition by touch and texture is primarily associated with the parietal lobe, not the frontal lobe. The parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information, including touch and texture, and integrating it with other sensory inputs to recognize objects. The frontal lobe, on the other hand, is involved in higher cognitive functions such as decision-making, problem-solving, and personality. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

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28.

A person sustains a severe head injury on the posterior aspect of his skull affecting his occipital lobe. Quite naturally, you would first suspect this person is likely to have..
- Speech problems
- Hearing problems
- Sensory deficit
- Visual problems
Correct Answer

A. Visual problems

Explanation

When a person sustains a severe head injury affecting the occipital lobe, which is responsible for processing visual information, it is likely that they will experience visual problems. The occipital lobe is located at the posterior aspect of the skull, so damage to this area can lead to issues with vision such as blurred vision, difficulty seeing certain colors or shapes, or even complete loss of vision in some cases. Therefore, it is reasonable to suspect that this person would have visual problems as a result of the injury.

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29.

Peter suffered a severe head injury following which his personality changed. His judgment was affected, as was his social behavior and he would not behave appropriately in public. Which are of the brain do you think was affected in his case?
- Parietal lobe
- Frontal lobe
- Temporal lobe
- Occipital lobe
Correct Answer

A. Frontal lobe

Explanation

Peter's severe head injury resulted in a change in his personality, impaired judgment, and inappropriate social behavior. These symptoms suggest damage to the frontal lobe of his brain. The frontal lobe is responsible for various cognitive functions, including personality, decision-making, and social behavior. Damage to this area can lead to alterations in these aspects of a person's behavior and functioning.

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30.

Phil suffers from a cerebral hemorrhage which damages part of one of the lobes of his brain. During the recovery period he notices, that his sense of taste is somewhat impaired and he is often not able to taste what he is eating.Which of the following lobes of the brain is most likely to have been affected by the hemorrhage?
- Frontal lobe
- Temporal lobe
- Occipital lobe
- Parietal lobe
Correct Answer

A. Parietal lobe

Explanation

The parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information, including taste. Therefore, if Phil's sense of taste is impaired after his cerebral hemorrhage, it is likely that the parietal lobe, which is involved in taste perception, has been affected.

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31.

Cerebrospinal fluid is present in the...
- Ventricles of the brain
- Central canal of spinal cord
- Subarachnoid space
- All of the above
- None of the above answers
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

Cerebrospinal fluid is a clear, colorless fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. It is produced in the ventricles of the brain and flows through the central canal of the spinal cord. It also fills the subarachnoid space, which is the space between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above" as cerebrospinal fluid is present in the ventricles of the brain, central canal of the spinal cord, and subarachnoid space.

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32.

The principal arteries which supply the brain tissue lie in the:
- Extradural space
- Subdural space
- Subarachnoid space
- Ventricles
Correct Answer

A. Subarachnoid space

Explanation

The subarachnoid space contains the principal arteries that supply the brain tissue. This space is located between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater, two of the protective layers that surround the brain. The arteries in the subarachnoid space are responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to the brain tissue.

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33.

Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by the:
- Meningeal blood vessels
- Choroid plexus
- Arachnoid villi
- Pia mater
Correct Answer

A. Choroid plexus

Explanation

Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by the choroid plexus. The choroid plexus is a network of blood vessels located in the ventricles of the brain. It produces cerebrospinal fluid by filtering blood plasma and secreting it into the ventricles. This fluid then circulates around the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and protection to these structures. The other options mentioned, such as meningeal blood vessels, arachnoid villi, and pia mater, are not directly involved in the formation of cerebrospinal fluid.

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34.

Hydrocephalus can occur because of..
- Increased production of CSF
- Blockage of arachnoid villi
- Blockage of openings in the fourth ventricle
- All of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

Hydrocephalus is a condition characterized by the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain, leading to increased pressure. This can occur due to various reasons, including increased production of CSF, blockage of arachnoid villi (which are responsible for reabsorbing CSF), and blockage of openings in the fourth ventricle. Therefore, all of the given options - increased production of CSF, blockage of arachnoid villi, and blockage of openings in the fourth ventricle - can contribute to the development of hydrocephalus.

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35.

Which of the following areas would not contain cerebrospinal fluid?
- Subdural space
- Third ventricle
- Fourth ventricle
- Subarachnoid space
Correct Answer

A. Subdural space

Explanation

The subdural space is a potential space between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater in the brain. It is not a space that normally contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The CSF is primarily found in the ventricles of the brain (such as the third and fourth ventricles) and in the subarachnoid space, which is the space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. Therefore, the subdural space is the correct answer as it does not typically contain CSF.

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36.

The canal that connects the third and fourth ventricles is called:
- Central canal
- Interventricular foramen
- Subarachnoid canal
- Cerebral aqueduct
Correct Answer

A. Cerebral aqueduct

Explanation

The canal that connects the third and fourth ventricles is called the cerebral aqueduct. This canal, also known as the aqueduct of Sylvius, is a narrow passage located in the midbrain. It allows for the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) between the third and fourth ventricles, which helps to maintain the balance and circulation of CSF within the brain.

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37.

Descending tracts carry information ..
- From the brain to the spinal cord
- From one lobe of the brain to another lobe of the brain
- From the spinal cord to the brain
- From the spinal cord to other areas of the spinal cord
Correct Answer

A. From the brain to the spinal cord

Explanation

Descending tracts refer to the neural pathways that carry information from the brain to the spinal cord. These tracts allow the brain to send signals and commands to the spinal cord, which in turn controls various motor and sensory functions of the body. This communication is essential for voluntary movements, reflexes, and the transmission of sensory information from the body to the brain for processing. Therefore, the correct answer is "From the brain to the spinal cord."

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38.

The conus medullaris represents the..
- The thin filament that emerges fom the end of the spinal cord
- Sheaf of nerves at the lower end of the spinal cord
- The conical tapered portion at the end of the spinal cord
- None
Correct Answer

A. The conical tapered portion at the end of the spinal cord

Explanation

The conus medullaris refers to the conical tapered portion at the end of the spinal cord. It is the terminal point of the spinal cord and marks the beginning of the cauda equina, a bundle of nerves that extends beyond the spinal cord. The conus medullaris is an important landmark in spinal cord anatomy and is often used as a reference point for spinal procedures and surgeries.

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39.

Spinocerebellar tracts carry impulses from:
- The cerebral cortex to the cerebellum
- The cerebellum to the spinal cord
- Vertebral column to the cerebellum
- The spinal cord to the cerebellum
Correct Answer

A. The spinal cord to the cerebellum

Explanation

Spinocerebellar tracts carry impulses from the spinal cord to the cerebellum. These tracts are responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the cerebellum, which plays a crucial role in coordinating movement, balance, and posture. The impulses carried by the spinocerebellar tracts provide the cerebellum with important information about the position and movement of the limbs, allowing it to make adjustments and fine-tune motor control.

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40.

Most of the ascending and descending tracts to and from the cerebral hemisphere cross over from one side of the body to the other.
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The statement is true because most of the ascending and descending tracts in the brain, which carry sensory and motor information, cross over from one side of the body to the other. This crossover occurs at a structure called the medulla oblongata, located at the base of the brainstem. This arrangement allows for the integration and coordination of information between the two sides of the body and the cerebral hemisphere.

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41.

The diencephalon consists of the ..
- Thalamus
- Hypothalamus
- Epithalamus
- All of the above
Correct Answer

A. All of the above

Explanation

The diencephalon is a region of the brain that includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus. The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information, relaying it to the cerebral cortex. The hypothalamus is involved in regulating various bodily functions such as temperature, hunger, and thirst. The epithalamus contains the pineal gland, which secretes melatonin and is involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles. Therefore, all of the above options are correct as they are all parts of the diencephalon.

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42.

The lobes of the brain are..
- Frontal, temporal and occipital
- Frontal, temporal and parietal
- Frontal, temporal, limbic and occipital
- Frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital
Correct Answer

A. Frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital

Explanation

The lobes of the brain are the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. Each lobe has different functions and is responsible for different aspects of cognition and perception. The frontal lobe is involved in decision-making, problem-solving, and motor control. The temporal lobe is responsible for processing auditory information and memory. The parietal lobe is involved in sensory perception and spatial awareness. The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information.

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43.

A person suffering from cerebellar disease would not be able to..
- Extend their knees
- Perform pronation and supination movements, fast
- Flex their elbows
- Salivate at the sight of food
Correct Answer

A. Perform pronation and supination movements, fast

Explanation

A person suffering from cerebellar disease would not be able to perform pronation and supination movements, fast. The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, including fine motor skills such as pronation and supination. Damage to the cerebellum can result in difficulties with coordination and precision of movements, making it challenging to perform these movements quickly and accurately.

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44.

Among the following which is not a function of the hypothalamus?
- Modulating the diurnal rhythm[ sleep-wake cycle]
- Controlling the body temperature by acting as the body thermostat
- Controlling speech
- Controlling thirst
- Controlling the pituitary gland activity
Correct Answer

A. Controlling speech

Explanation

The hypothalamus is a small region in the brain that plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. It helps in modulating the diurnal rhythm, controlling body temperature, regulating thirst, and controlling the activity of the pituitary gland. However, controlling speech is not a function of the hypothalamus. Speech production is primarily controlled by the areas in the cerebral cortex, such as Broca's area in the frontal lobe. Therefore, the correct answer is controlling speech.

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45.

The cerebellum controls the contralateral side of the body
- True
- False
Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The cerebellum does not control the contralateral side of the body. It is responsible for coordinating and regulating movement, posture, and balance, but its control is primarily ipsilateral, meaning it affects the same side of the body. The contralateral control is mainly carried out by the motor cortex in the brain. Therefore, the statement is false.

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46.

The primary sensory relay station is the...
- Hypothalamus
- Thalamus
- Midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla
Correct Answer

A. Thalamus

Explanation

The thalamus is considered the primary sensory relay station in the brain. It receives sensory information from various parts of the body and sends it to the corresponding areas in the cerebral cortex for further processing. The thalamus acts as a filter, selectively allowing certain sensory signals to reach the cortex while blocking others. This helps in focusing attention and prioritizing important sensory information. Additionally, the thalamus also plays a role in regulating sleep, consciousness, and alertness.

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47.

The representation of the body on the brain depends on the:
- Size of the part being represented
- Functional importance of the part being represented
- Location of the part being represented
- Blood supply of the part being represented
Correct Answer

A. Functional importance of the part being represented

Explanation

The representation of the body on the brain depends on the functional importance of the part being represented. This means that areas of the brain that are responsible for more important functions will have larger representations, while areas responsible for less important functions will have smaller representations. This is known as cortical magnification. So, the size of the part being represented, the location of the part being represented, and the blood supply of the part being represented are not the main factors determining the representation on the brain.

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48.

The blood supply of the brain is through the..
- Basilar-carotid system
- Vertebro-basilar system
- Vertebro-carotid system
- None of the above
Correct Answer

A. Vertebro-carotid system

Explanation

The correct answer is the vertebro-carotid system. This is because the blood supply of the brain is provided by two major arteries: the vertebral arteries and the carotid arteries. The vertebral arteries supply blood to the posterior part of the brain, while the carotid arteries supply blood to the anterior part of the brain. These two systems join together to form the vertebro-carotid system, which ensures a sufficient blood supply to the entire brain.

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49.

Impulses from the right side of the body will go to the..
- Left cerebral hemisphere
- Right cerebral hemisphere
- Left cerebellar hemisphere
- Occidental region
Correct Answer

A. Left cerebral hemisphere

Explanation

Impulses from the right side of the body will go to the left cerebral hemisphere. This is because the brain is cross-wired, with the left hemisphere controlling the right side of the body and vice versa. Therefore, sensory information from the right side of the body is processed in the left cerebral hemisphere.

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