Anatomy Final Exam Practice Test
New material for final exam
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Thoracic curvature of the back is a type of: (Check all that apply)
- A.
Lordosis
- B.
Kyphosis
- C.
Primary curvature
- D.
Secondary cuvature
Correct Answer(s)
B. Kyphosis
C. Primary curvatureExplanation
The thoracic curvature of the back refers to the natural curve in the upper part of the spine. This curve is known as kyphosis and is considered a primary curvature because it is present from birth. Kyphosis is characterized by a rounded or hunched appearance of the upper back. Therefore, the given answer is correct as it includes both kyphosis and primary curvature, which accurately describe the thoracic curvature of the back.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which is not a characteristic of cervical vertebrae?
- A.
Transverse foramen
- B.
Vertebral foramen
- C.
Mammillary process
- D.
Bifid spinous process
Correct Answer
C. Mammillary processExplanation
Criteria of cervical vertebrae:
-Transverse Foramen
-Vertebral foramen
-Bifid spinous process
-Transverse process has anterior and posterior tubercle
The mammilary process is a characteristic of lumbar vertebrae.Rate this question:
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- 3.
All of the following are characteristics of the atlas except:
- A.
Allows for "no" movement
- B.
Has no body
- C.
Superior articular process for occipital condyle of skull
- D.
Is the first cervical vertebra
Correct Answer
A. Allows for "no" movementExplanation
The axis (atlanto-axial joint) allows for the "no" movement (head rotation) while the atlas (atlanto-occipital joint) allows for the "yes" movement (neck flexion).Rate this question:
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- 4.
Spinal cord in adult terminate at?
- A.
L1/L2
- B.
L3
- C.
S1/S2
- D.
S5
Correct Answer
A. L1/L2Explanation
In infants, the cord ends at L3. After birth, there in no more growth in nervous tissue. The body elongates but the cord cannot stretch to match it.Rate this question:
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- 5.
True/False: The spinal cord in the thoracic region is completely covered by bone
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
In the lumbar area, the spinal canal is not completely covered by bone. There is space between adjacent laminae.Rate this question:
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- 6.
True/False: Bodies of vertebrae have active marrow?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement that bodies of vertebrae have active marrow is true. Marrow is the soft, spongy tissue found inside bones, and it is responsible for producing blood cells. In the case of vertebrae, the bodies contain red bone marrow, which is actively involved in the production of red and white blood cells. This marrow is crucial for the body's immune system and the transportation of oxygen throughout the body. Therefore, the statement is correct.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following is not innervated by the dorsal primary rami?
- A.
Errector spinae
- B.
Multifidus
- C.
Splenius capitis
- D.
Serratus posterior superior
- E.
Semispinalis capitis
Correct Answer
D. Serratus posterior superiorExplanation
Errector spinae encompasses the longissimuss, ileocostalis, and spinalis muscles.
Serratus posterior inferior and superior are innervated by anterior primary rami.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which is not connected to latissimus dorsi?
- A.
Transverse Abdominis
- B.
Internal Oblique
- C.
External Oblique
Correct Answer
C. External ObliqueExplanation
The latissimus dorsi muscle is not connected to the external oblique muscle. The latissimus dorsi is a large muscle that originates from the lower back and attaches to the upper arm, while the external oblique muscle is located on the sides of the abdomen. Although both muscles play a role in trunk rotation and stabilization, they do not have a direct connection.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following is not a boundary of the suboccipital triangle?
- A.
Rectus capitis posterior major
- B.
Semispinalis capitis
- C.
Superior oblique of the head
- D.
Inferior oblique of the head
Correct Answer
B. Semispinalis capitisExplanation
The suboccipital triangle is a region located at the base of the skull, formed by the rectus capitis posterior major, superior oblique of the head, and inferior oblique of the head muscles. These muscles surround the suboccipital nerve, which passes through the triangle. The semispinalis capitis muscle is not a boundary of the suboccipital triangle. Therefore, it does not contribute to the formation of this anatomical region.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following has no attachment to the hyoid bone?
- A.
Sternum
- B.
Mandible
- C.
Scapula
- D.
Mastoid
- E.
Clavicle
- F.
Temporal bone
Correct Answer
E. ClavicleExplanation
The clavicle is the correct answer because it is the only bone listed that does not have any direct attachment to the hyoid bone. The hyoid bone is a U-shaped bone located in the neck, and it serves as a point of attachment for various muscles involved in swallowing and speaking. The sternum, mandible, scapula, mastoid, and temporal bone all have some form of attachment or connection to the hyoid bone, either directly or indirectly through muscles or ligaments.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following is not affected by a fracture of the hyoid bone?
- A.
Swallowing
- B.
Speaking
- C.
Breathing
- D.
Voice production
Correct Answer
D. Voice productionExplanation
A fracture of the hyoid bone does not affect voice production because the hyoid bone is not directly involved in the production of sound. The hyoid bone is located in the neck and serves as an attachment point for muscles involved in swallowing and speaking. It helps to support the tongue and larynx, which are important for articulating speech sounds. However, the actual production of sound occurs in the larynx and vocal cords, which are not directly affected by a fracture of the hyoid bone.Rate this question:
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- 12.
True/False: Sternohyoid m. is surrounded by prevertebral fascia
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Splenius capitis and semispinalis capitis are surrounded by prevertebral fasica. The strat muscles of the neck are not.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which is not innervated by ventral rami?
- A.
Sternocleidomastoid
- B.
Anterior scalene
- C.
Middle scalene
- D.
Longus colli
Correct Answer
A. SternocleidomastoidExplanation
The sternocleidomastoid muscle is innervated by the accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI), not by the ventral rami. The ventral rami are responsible for innervating the muscles of the limbs and the anterior and lateral trunk muscles, but not the sternocleidomastoid muscle.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The mylohyoid is innervated by what cranial nerve?
- A.
Facial
- B.
Vagus
- C.
Trigeminal
- D.
Abducens
Correct Answer
C. TrigeminalExplanation
The mylohyoid muscle is innervated by the trigeminal nerve. The trigeminal nerve is the fifth cranial nerve and is responsible for the sensory and motor functions of the face. It has three branches: ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular. The mandibular branch innervates the muscles of mastication, including the mylohyoid muscle. Therefore, the correct answer is Trigeminal.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Thyroid gland located under all except?
- A.
Sternohyoid
- B.
Sternothyroid
- C.
Platysma
- D.
Sternomastoid
- E.
Omohyoid
Correct Answer
E. OmohyoidExplanation
The thyroid gland is located in the neck and is situated just below the larynx. It is not located under the omohyoid muscle, which is a muscle located in the lower neck region. The other options listed (sternohyoid, sternothyroid, platysma, sternomastoid) are all muscles in the neck region and are located above the thyroid gland.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Omohyoid attaches to?
- A.
Clavicle
- B.
Scapula
- C.
Thyroid cartilage
- D.
Sternum
Correct Answer
B. ScapulaExplanation
Omohyoid is a muscle that attaches to the scapula. It originates from the superior border of the scapula and inserts into the hyoid bone. This muscle is responsible for the movement and stabilization of the hyoid bone during swallowing and speaking. The other options listed, such as the clavicle, thyroid cartilage, and sternum, are not directly attached to the omohyoid muscle.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which is not a branch of the external carotid artery?
- A.
Occipital artery
- B.
Vertebral artery
- C.
Superficial temporal artery
- D.
Facial artery
- E.
Lingual artery
Correct Answer
B. Vertebral arteryExplanation
Verterbral artery is a branch of the first part of subclavian vein.
Superior thyroid, lingual, facial, maxillary, ascending pharangeal, occipital, and superficial temporal arteries are the 7 branches of the external carotid artery.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which does not form the floor of the posterior triangle?
- A.
Semispinalis capitis
- B.
Splenius capitis
- C.
Middle Scalene
- D.
Posterior scalene
- E.
Levator scapulae
Correct Answer
A. Semispinalis capitisExplanation
Superficial to deep: Splenius capitis, levator scapulae, middle scalene, posterior scaleneRate this question:
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- 19.
EJU sandwiched between? (Check all that apply)
- A.
Platysma
- B.
Sternocleidomastoid
- C.
Omohyoid
- D.
Sternohyoid
Correct Answer(s)
A. Platysma
B. SternocleidomastoidExplanation
Deep to platysma and superficial to sternocleidomastoidRate this question:
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- 20.
All of the following are muscles of mastication except?
- A.
Buccinator
- B.
Masseter
- C.
Medial pterigoid
- D.
Lateral pterigoid
- E.
Temporalis
Correct Answer
A. BuccinatorExplanation
The buccinator muscle is not involved in the process of mastication, which is the chewing of food. Instead, the buccinator muscle is responsible for actions such as compressing the cheeks and assisting in the production of certain sounds during speech. The other muscles listed, including the masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, and temporalis, are all muscles that are directly involved in the process of mastication by moving the jaw and assisting in the chewing and grinding of food.Rate this question:
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- 21.
All of the following are branches of the facial nerve except?
- A.
Cervical
- B.
Zygomatic
- C.
Pterigoid
- D.
Mandibular
- E.
Buccal
- F.
Temporal
Correct Answer
C. PterigoidExplanation
The branches of the facial nerve innervate the muscles of the face and control facial expressions. The pterigoid muscle is not innervated by the facial nerve, but rather by the trigeminal nerve. Therefore, it is not considered a branch of the facial nerve.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Bell's palsy results due to damage of what nerve?
- A.
Trigeminal nerve
- B.
Ocularmotor nerve
- C.
Vagus nerve
- D.
Facial nerve
Correct Answer
D. Facial nerveExplanation
Bell's palsy results due to damage of the facial nerve. This condition causes sudden weakness or paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face. The facial nerve controls the movement of these muscles, as well as the sense of taste in the front two-thirds of the tongue. Damage to the facial nerve can occur due to inflammation, viral infections like herpes simplex, or other factors, leading to the characteristic symptoms of Bell's palsy.Rate this question:
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- 23.
All modality of sense relays in the thalamus except
- A.
Taste
- B.
Hearing
- C.
Touch
- D.
Sight
- E.
Smell
Correct Answer
E. SmellExplanation
The thalamus is responsible for relaying sensory information to the appropriate areas of the brain. It relays information related to touch, taste, hearing, and sight. However, smell is an exception as it bypasses the thalamus and directly sends signals to the olfactory cortex. Therefore, the correct answer is smell.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What is the only eyeball muscle innervated by trochlear nerve?
- A.
Superior oblique
- B.
Inferior oblique
- C.
Lateral rectus muscle
- D.
Rectus capitis major
Correct Answer
A. Superior obliqueExplanation
Rectus capitis major is a boundary of the suboccipital triangle, not a muscle of the eye.
Lateral rectus is innervated by abducens nerve (damage to this nerve causes twisted eye). This is the only eyeball muscle innervated by abducens.
Inferior oblique is innervated by oculomotor nerve, which innervates the rest of the eye muslces (other than the exceptions explained by this question).Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which nerve provides special sense for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
- A.
Lingual nerve
- B.
Hypoglossal nerve
- C.
Glossalpharyngeal nerve
- D.
Facial nerve
- E.
Internal laryngeal nerve
Correct Answer
D. Facial nerveExplanation
Facial nerve receives taste sensations from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue via the chorda tympani.
Hypoglossal nerve provides the motor innervation for the whole tongue.
Lingual nerve provides the general sense for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
Glossalpharyngeal nerve provides the special sense and general sense for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue.
A branch of vagus nerve (internal laryngeal nerve) provides innervation for sensing bitterness.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Dec 09, 2015Quiz Created by
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