Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders | NCLEX Quiz 75

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  • 1/10 Questions

    Sucralfate (Carafate) achieves a therapeutic effect by:

    • Neutralizing gastric acid
    • Enhancing gastric absorption
    • Forming a protective barrier around gastric mucosa
    • Inhibiting gastric acid secretion
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Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders | NCLEX Quiz 75 - Quiz
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  • 2. 

    Which of the following nursing diagnoses is appropriate for a patient receiving famotidine (Pepcid)?

    • Increased risk for infection due to immunosuppression

    • Potential risk for bleeding related to thrombocytopenia.

    • Alteration in urinary elimination related to retention

    • Alteration in tissue perfusion related to hypertension

    Correct Answer
    A. Potential risk for bleeding related to thrombocytopenia.
    Explanation
    A serious side effect of famotidine is thrombocytopenia. which is manifested by a decrease in platelet count and an increased risk of bleeding.

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  • 3. 

    Side effects of loperamide (Imodium) include all of the following except?

    • Diarrhea

    • Epigastric pain

    • Dry mouth

    • Anorexia

    Correct Answer
    A. Diarrhea
    Explanation
    Side effects associated with loperamide include CNS fatigue and dizziness. epigastric pain. abdominal cramps. nausea. dry mouth. vomiting. and anorexia. Diarrhea is an indication. not a side effect.

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  • 4. 

    To avoid fecal impaction. psyllium (Metamucil) should be administered with at least how many ounces of fluid?

    • 4

    • 6

    • 8

    • 10

    Correct Answer
    A. 8
    Explanation
    Bulk-forming laxatives must be given with at least 8 ounces of liquid plus additional liquid each day to prevent intestinal obstruction.

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  • 5. 

    When administering sucralfate (Carafate) to a patient with a nasogastric tube. it is important to:

    • Crush the tablet into a fine powder before mixing with water

    • Administer with a bolus tube feeding

    • Allow the tablet to dissolve in water before administering

    • Administer with an antacid for maximum benefit

    Correct Answer
    A. Allow the tablet to dissolve in water before administering
    Explanation
    It is important to give sucralfate on an empty stomach so that it may dissolve and form a protective barrier over the gastric mucosa. The tablet form will not dissolve in water when crushed; it must be left whole and allowed to dissolve. Crushing the medication so that it will not dissolve could lead to clogging of the nasogastric tube and decreased effectiveness of the drug.

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  • 6. 

    Histamine2-receptor antagonists:

    • Compete with histamine for binding sites on the parietal cells

    • Irreversibly bind to H+/K+ATPase

    • Cause a decrease in stomach pH

    • Decrease signs and symptoms of allergies related to histamine release

    Correct Answer
    A. Compete with histamine for binding sites on the parietal cells
    Explanation
    Histamine receptor blocking agents decrease gastric acid by competing with histamine for binding sites on the parietal cells.

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  • 7. 

    . The mechanism of action of diphenoxylate (Lotomil) is:

    • An increase in intestinal excretion of water

    • An increase in intestinal motility

    • A decrease in peristalsis in the intestinal wall

    • A decrease in the reabsorption of water in the bowel

    Correct Answer
    A. A decrease in peristalsis in the intestinal wall
    Explanation
    Diphenoxylate acts on the smooth muscle of the intestinal tract to inhibit GI motility and excessive propulsion of the GI tract (peristalsis).

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  • 8. 

    A patient unable to tolerate oral medications may be prescribed which of the following proton pump inhibitors to be administered intravenously?

    • Lansoprazole (Prevacid)

    • Omeprazole (Prilosec)

    • Pantoprazole (Protonix)

    • Esomeprazole (Nexium)

    Correct Answer
    A. Pantoprazole (Protonix)
    Explanation
    Pantoprazole is the only proton pump inhibitor that is available for intravenous administration. The other medications in this category may only be administered orally.

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  • 9. 

    Proton pump inhibitors:

    • Gastric ulcer formation

    • GERD

    • Achlorhydria

    • Diverticulosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Achlorhydria
    Explanation
    Because the proton pump inhibitors stop the final step of acid secretion. they can block up to 90% of acid secretion. leading to achlorhydria (without acid).

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  • 10. 

    During the assessment of a client’s mouth. the nurse notes the absence of saliva. The client is also complaining of pain near the area of the ear. The client has been NPO for several days because of the insertion of a NG tube. Based on these findings. the nurse suspects that the client is developing which of the following mouth conditions?

    • Stomatitis

    • Oral candidiasis

    • Parotitis

    • Gingivitis

    Correct Answer
    A. Gingivitis
    Explanation
    Absorbent antidiarrheal medications bind to diarrhea-causing bacteria to form a nonabsorbable complex. which is then excreted in the stool.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 20, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 02, 2017
    Quiz Created by
    Santepro
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