Newborn Nursing care NCLEX Quiz 3

1. The nurse is aware that a neonate of a mother with diabetes is at risk for what complication?

Anemia

Hypoglycemia

Nitrogen loss

Thrombosis

Neonates of mothers with diabetes are at risk for hypoglycemia due to increased insulin levels. During gestation. an increased amount of glucose is transferred to the fetus across the placenta. The neonate’s liver cannot initially adjust to the changing glucose levels after birth. This may result in an overabundance of insulin in the neonate. resulting in hypoglycemia.

Explanation

Neonates of mothers with diabetes are at risk for hypoglycemia due to increased insulin levels. During gestation. an increased amount of glucose is transferred to the fetus across the placenta. The neonate’s liver cannot initially adjust to the changing glucose levels after birth. This may result in an overabundance of insulin in the neonate. resulting in hypoglycemia.

2. Neonates of mothers with diabetes are at risk for which complication following birth?

Atelectasis

Microcephaly

Pneumothorax

Macrosomia

Neonates of mothers with diabetes are at increased risk for macrosomia (excessive fetal growth) as a result of the combination of the increased supply of maternal glucose and an increase in fetal insulin.

Explanation

Neonates of mothers with diabetes are at increased risk for macrosomia (excessive fetal growth) as a result of the combination of the increased supply of maternal glucose and an increase in fetal insulin.

3. The nurse decides on a teaching plan for a new mother and her infant. The plan should include:

Discussing the matter with her in a non-threatening manner

Showing by example and explanation how to care for the infant

Setting up a schedule for teaching the mother how to care for her baby

Supplying the emotional support to the mother and encouraging her independence

Teaching the mother by example is a non-threatening approach that allows her to proceed at her own pace.

Explanation

Teaching the mother by example is a non-threatening approach that allows her to proceed at her own pace.

4. Which action best explains the main role of surfactant in the neonate?

Assists with ciliary body maturation in the upper airways

Helps maintain a rhythmic breathing pattern

Promotes clearing mucus from the respiratory tract

Helps the lungs remain expanded after the initiation of breathing

Surfactant works by reducing surface tension in the lung. Surfactant allows the lung to remain slightly expanded. decreasing the amount of work required for inspiration.

Explanation

Surfactant works by reducing surface tension in the lung. Surfactant allows the lung to remain slightly expanded. decreasing the amount of work required for inspiration.

5. While assessing a 2-hour old neonate. the nurse observes the neonate to have acrocyanosis. Which of the following nursing actions should be performed initially?

Activate the code blue or emergency system

Do nothing because acrocyanosis is normal in the neonate

Immediately take the newborn’s temperature according to hospital policy

Notify the physician of the need for a cardiac consult

Acrocyanosis. or bluish discoloration of the hands and feet in the neonate (also called peripheral cyanosis). is a normal finding and shouldn’t last more than 24 hours after birth.

Explanation

Acrocyanosis. or bluish discoloration of the hands and feet in the neonate (also called peripheral cyanosis). is a normal finding and shouldn’t last more than 24 hours after birth.

6. After reviewing the client's maternal history of magnesium sulfate during labor. which condition would the nurse anticipate as a potential problem in the neonate?

Hypoglycemia

Jitteriness

Respiratory depression

Tachycardia

Magnesium sulfate crosses the placenta and adverse neonatal effects are respiratory depression. hypotonia. and Bradycardia.

Explanation

Magnesium sulfate crosses the placenta and adverse neonatal effects are respiratory depression. hypotonia. and Bradycardia.

7. A client has just given birth at 42 weeks' gestation. When assessing the neonate. which physical finding is expected?

A sleepy. lethargic baby

Lanugo covering the body

Desquamation of the epidermis

Vernix caseosa covering the body

Postdate fetuses lose the vernix caseosa. and the epidermis may become desquamated. These neonates are usually very alert. Lanugo is missing in the postdate neonate.

Explanation

Postdate fetuses lose the vernix caseosa. and the epidermis may become desquamated. These neonates are usually very alert. Lanugo is missing in the postdate neonate.

8. A neonate has been diagnosed with caput succedaneum. Which statement is correct about this condition?

It usually resolves in 3-6 weeks

It doesn’t cross the cranial suture line

It’s a collection of blood between the skull and the periosteum

It involves swelling of tissue over the presenting part of the presenting head

Caput succedaneum is the swelling of tissue over the presenting part of the fetal scalp due to sustained pressure; it resolves in 3-4 days.

Explanation

Caput succedaneum is the swelling of tissue over the presenting part of the fetal scalp due to sustained pressure; it resolves in 3-4 days.

9. A client with group AB blood whose husband has group O has just given birth. The major sign of ABO blood incompatibility in the neonate is which complication or test result?

Negative Coombs test

Bleeding from the nose and ear

Jaundice after the first 24 hours of life

Jaundice within the first 24 hours of life

The neonate with ABO blood incompatibility with its mother will have jaundice (pathologic) within the first 24 hours of life. The neonate would have a positive Coombs test result.

Explanation

The neonate with ABO blood incompatibility with its mother will have jaundice (pathologic) within the first 24 hours of life. The neonate would have a positive Coombs test result.

10. By keeping the nursery temperature warm and wrapping the neonate in blankets. the nurse is preventing which type of heat loss?

Conduction

Convection

Evaporation

Radiation

Convection heat loss is the flow of heat from the body surface to the cooler air.

Explanation

Convection heat loss is the flow of heat from the body surface to the cooler air.