Fundamentals Of Nursing NCLEX Quiz 22

1. When a client is confused. left alone with the side rails down. and the bed in a high position. the client falls and breaks a hip. What law has been broken?

Assault

Battery

Negligence

Civil tort

Knowing what to do to prevent injury is a part of the standards of care for nurses to follow. Safety guidelines dictate raising the side rails. staying with the client. lowering the bed. and observing the client until the environment is safe. As a nurse. these activities are known as basic safety measures that prevent injuries. and to not perform them is not acting in a safe manner. Negligence is conduct that falls below the standard of care that protects others against unreasonable risk of harm.

Explanation

Knowing what to do to prevent injury is a part of the standards of care for nurses to follow. Safety guidelines dictate raising the side rails. staying with the client. lowering the bed. and observing the client until the environment is safe. As a nurse. these activities are known as basic safety measures that prevent injuries. and to not perform them is not acting in a safe manner. Negligence is conduct that falls below the standard of care that protects others against unreasonable risk of harm.

2. Ethical principles for professional nursing practice in a clinical setting are guided by the principles of conduct that are written as the:

American Nurses Association’s (ANA’s) Code of Ethics

Nurse Practice Act (NPA) written by state legislation

Standards of care from experts in the practice field

Good Samaritan laws for civil guidelines

This set of ethical principles provides the professional guidelines established by the ANA to maintain the highest standards for ideal conduct in practice. As a profession. the ANA wanted to establish rules and then incorporate guidelines for accountability and responsibility of each nurse within the practice setting.

Explanation

This set of ethical principles provides the professional guidelines established by the ANA to maintain the highest standards for ideal conduct in practice. As a profession. the ANA wanted to establish rules and then incorporate guidelines for accountability and responsibility of each nurse within the practice setting.

3. When the nurse described the client as "that nasty old man in 354." the nurse is exhibiting which ethical dilemma?

Gender bias and ageism

HIPAA violation

Beneficence

Code of ethics violation

Stereotyping an “old man” as “nasty”is a gender bias and an ageism issue. The nurse is verbalizing a negative descriptor about the client.

Explanation

Stereotyping an “old man” as “nasty”is a gender bias and an ageism issue. The nurse is verbalizing a negative descriptor about the client.

4. Nurses are bound by a variety of laws. Which description of a type of law is correct?

Statutory law is created by elected legislature. such as the state legislature that defines the Nurse Practice Act (NPA).

Regulatory law includes prevention of harm for the public and punishment for those laws that are broken.

Common law protects the rights of the individual within society for fair and equal treatment.

Criminal law creates boards that pass rules and regulations to control society.

Statutory law is created by legislature. It creates statues such as the NPA. which defines the role of the nurse and expectations of the performance of one’s duties and explains what is contraindicated as guidelines for breach of those regulations.

Explanation

Statutory law is created by legislature. It creates statues such as the NPA. which defines the role of the nurse and expectations of the performance of one’s duties and explains what is contraindicated as guidelines for breach of those regulations.

5. Which activity would not be expected by the nurse to meet the cultural needs of the client?

Promote and support attitudes. behaviors. knowledge. and skills to respectfully meet client’s cultural needs despite the nurse’s own beliefs and practices

Ensure that the interpreter understands not only the language of the client but feelings and attitudes behind cultural practices to make sure an ethical balance can be achieved

Develop structure and process for meeting cultural needs on a regular basis and means to avoid overlooking these needs with clients

Expect the family to keep an interpreter present at all times to assist in meeting the communication needs all day and night while hospitalized

It is not the family’s responsibility to assist in the communication process. Many families will leave someone to help at times. but it is the hospital’s legal obligation to find an interpreter for continued understanding by the client to make sure the client is fully informed and comprehends in his or her primary language.

Explanation

It is not the family’s responsibility to assist in the communication process. Many families will leave someone to help at times. but it is the hospital’s legal obligation to find an interpreter for continued understanding by the client to make sure the client is fully informed and comprehends in his or her primary language.

6. Which criterion is needed for someone to give consent to a procedure?

An appointed guardianship

Unemancipated minor

Minimum of 21 years or older

An advocate for a child

A guardian has been appointed by a court and has full legal rights to choose management of care.

Explanation

A guardian has been appointed by a court and has full legal rights to choose management of care.

7. A bioethical issue should be described as:

The physician’s making all decisions of client management without getting input from the client

A research project that included treating all the white men and not treating all the black men to compare the outcomes of a specific drug therapy.

The withholding of food and treatment at the request of the client in a written advance directive given before a client acquired permanent brain damage from an accident.

After the client gives permission. the physician’s disclosing all information to the family for their support in the management of the client.

The ethical issue was the inequality of treatment based strictly upon racial differences. Secondly. the drug was deliberately withheld even after results showed that the drug was working to cure the disease process in the white men for many years. So after many years. the black men were still not treated despite the outcome of the research process that showed the drug to be effective in controlling the disease early in the beginning of the research project. Therefore harm was done. Nonmaleficence. veracity. and justice were not followed.

Explanation

The ethical issue was the inequality of treatment based strictly upon racial differences. Secondly. the drug was deliberately withheld even after results showed that the drug was working to cure the disease process in the white men for many years. So after many years. the black men were still not treated despite the outcome of the research process that showed the drug to be effective in controlling the disease early in the beginning of the research project. Therefore harm was done. Nonmaleficence. veracity. and justice were not followed.

8. When signing a form as a witness. your signature shows that the client:

Is fully informed and is aware of all consequences.

Was awake and fully alert and not medicated with narcotics.

Was free to sign without pressure

Has signed that form and the witness saw it being done

Your signature as a witness only states that the person signing the form was the person who was listed in the procedure.

Explanation

Your signature as a witness only states that the person signing the form was the person who was listed in the procedure.

9. The distribution of nurses to areas of "most need" in the time of a nursing shortage is an example of:

Utilitarianism theory

Deontological theory

Justice

Beneficence

Justice is defined as the fairness of distribution of resources. However. guidelines for a hierarchy of needs have been established. such as with organ transplantation. Nurses are moved to areas of greatest need when shortages occur on the floors. No floor is left without staff. and another floor that had five staff will give up two to go help the floor that had no staff.

Explanation

Justice is defined as the fairness of distribution of resources. However. guidelines for a hierarchy of needs have been established. such as with organ transplantation. Nurses are moved to areas of greatest need when shortages occur on the floors. No floor is left without staff. and another floor that had five staff will give up two to go help the floor that had no staff.

10. Besides the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JACHO). which governing agency regulates hospitals to allow continued safe services to be provided. funding to be received from the government and penalties if guidelines are not followed?

Board of Nursing Examiners (BNE)

Nurse Practice Act (NPA)

American Nurses Association (ANA)

Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA)

If the hospital fails to follow ADA guidelines for meeting special needs. the facility loses funding and status for receiving low-income loans or reimbursement of expenses. ADA protects the civil rights of disabled people. It applies to both the hospital clients and hospital staff. Privacy issues for persons who are positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been one issue in relationship to getting information when hospital staff have been exposed to unclean sticks. The ADA allows the infected client the right to choose whether or not to disclose that information.

Explanation

If the hospital fails to follow ADA guidelines for meeting special needs. the facility loses funding and status for receiving low-income loans or reimbursement of expenses. ADA protects the civil rights of disabled people. It applies to both the hospital clients and hospital staff. Privacy issues for persons who are positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been one issue in relationship to getting information when hospital staff have been exposed to unclean sticks. The ADA allows the infected client the right to choose whether or not to disclose that information.