Mcc Quiz For Final Year B. Tech IT
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Which one of the following network medium is not used?
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Platinum wire
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Copper wire
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RF signals
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Fibre-Optic Cable
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About This Quiz
Dear Students
Please attempt honestly.
Best of luck.
Quiz Preview
- 2.
One of the methods of establishing an association between two Bluetooth devices is a process called __________.
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Pairing
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Linking
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Finding
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Sharing
Correct Answer
A. PairingExplanation
Pairing is the correct answer because it refers to the process of establishing a secure connection between two Bluetooth devices. During pairing, the devices exchange security keys to ensure that only authorized devices can communicate with each other. This process is essential for establishing a secure and reliable connection between Bluetooth devices.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is propagated through the air and received by an antenna to transmit data signals?
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Radio waves
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Sound waves
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Gamma rays
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Magnetism
Correct Answer
A. Radio wavesExplanation
Radio waves are electromagnetic waves that are propagated through the air and can be received by an antenna to transmit data signals. They are commonly used in various communication systems, including radio and television broadcasting, wireless networks, and satellite communications. Radio waves have the ability to carry information over long distances and are essential for wireless communication technologies.Rate this question:
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- 4.
__________ is a modulation method that varies the phase of the transmitted signal.
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Phase-Shift Key
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Signal-Shift Modulation
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Frequency-Shift Key
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Mac Modulation
Correct Answer
A. Phase-Shift KeyExplanation
Phase-Shift Key (PSK) is a modulation method that varies the phase of the transmitted signal. In PSK, different phases represent different symbols or bits of information. By changing the phase of the signal, multiple bits can be transmitted simultaneously, increasing the data rate. PSK is commonly used in digital communication systems, such as wireless networks and satellite communications, where it provides efficient and reliable data transmission.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Question 04. What industry association develops, publishes, and maintains the standards for wireless networks?
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IEEE
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ISM
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UNII
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FCC
Correct Answer
A. IEEEExplanation
The correct answer is IEEE. IEEE stands for the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. It is a professional association that develops, publishes, and maintains the standards for various technologies, including wireless networks. They are responsible for ensuring interoperability and compatibility among different wireless devices and networks.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What wireless mode is being used by a student who uses a wireless connection to link to her lab partner's notebook PC in a study hall?
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Ad-Hoc
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Infrastructure
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Fixed-base
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Roaming
Correct Answer
A. Ad-HocExplanation
The student is using the Ad-Hoc wireless mode to connect to her lab partner's notebook PC. Ad-Hoc mode allows devices to connect directly to each other without the need for a central access point or router. This mode is commonly used for peer-to-peer connections, such as between two devices in close proximity like in a study hall.Rate this question:
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- 7.
IEEE __________ WLANs primarily operate on the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) frequency band.
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802.11
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802.13
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802.15
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802.16
Correct Answer
A. 802.11Explanation
IEEE 802.11 WLANs primarily operate on the 2.4 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) frequency band. The 802.11 standard, also known as Wi-Fi, is specifically designed for wireless local area networks. It operates in multiple frequency bands, including the 2.4 GHz ISM band, which is widely used for wireless communication devices such as routers, laptops, and smartphones. The other options, 802.13, 802.15, and 802.16, are not specifically associated with WLANs and operate on different frequency bands or are used for different types of wireless networks.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of the following is Bluetooth's Physical layer?
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Baseband
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Broadband
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Wideband
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Ultra wideband
Correct Answer
A. BasebandExplanation
Bluetooth's Physical layer is called Baseband. The Baseband is responsible for managing the physical transmission of data over the Bluetooth radio link. It handles tasks such as packet formation, error detection and correction, and modulation/demodulation of signals. It operates in the frequency range of 2.4 GHz and uses frequency-hopping spread spectrum to avoid interference from other devices. The Baseband layer is essential for establishing and maintaining a reliable wireless connection between Bluetooth devices.Rate this question:
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- 9.
An ad-hoc Bluetooth network is called a __________, which can include up to eight Bluetooth devices, regardless of the device type or its Bluetooth application.
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Piconet
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Octanet
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Micronet
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Scatternet
Correct Answer
A. PiconetExplanation
A piconet is an ad-hoc Bluetooth network that can include up to eight Bluetooth devices, regardless of the device type or its Bluetooth application. In a piconet, one device acts as the master and the other devices act as slaves. The master device controls the communication within the piconet, while the slaves only communicate with the master. This allows for the formation of a small network where devices can exchange data and communicate with each other.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What is one of the two general types of spread-spectrum modulation?
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FHSS
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AMSS
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MSSS
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FMSS
Correct Answer
A. FHSSExplanation
FHSS stands for Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum, which is one of the two general types of spread-spectrum modulation. In FHSS, the carrier frequency is rapidly switched between different frequencies within a wideband spectrum. This technique helps to spread the transmitted signal over a larger bandwidth, making it more resistant to interference and jamming. By hopping between frequencies, FHSS provides increased security and reliability for wireless communication systems.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The radio communication spectrum is divided into bands based on ______.
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Frequency
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Cost and hardware
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Transmission media
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Amplitude
Correct Answer
A. FrequencyExplanation
The radio communication spectrum is divided into bands based on frequency. Frequency refers to the number of cycles per second that a radio wave completes. Different frequencies are used for different purposes, such as AM and FM radio, television broadcasting, and mobile communication. Dividing the spectrum into bands based on frequency allows for efficient and organized use of the available radio frequencies, preventing interference between different types of communication.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What is the RF communications standard that can organize up to 8 devices into a piconet?What is the RF communications standard that can organize up to 8 devices into a piconet?
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Bluetooth
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UWB
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ZigBee
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IrDA
Correct Answer
A. BluetoothExplanation
Bluetooth is the correct answer because it is an RF communications standard that can organize up to 8 devices into a piconet. Bluetooth technology allows devices such as smartphones, laptops, and headphones to connect and communicate wirelessly within a short range. A piconet is a network formed by a master device (such as a smartphone) and up to 7 slave devices (such as headphones), all connected via Bluetooth. This allows for easy and convenient connectivity between multiple devices in close proximity.Rate this question:
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- 13.
SIM is an acronym for Subscriber __________ Module (SIM).
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Identification
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Internet
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Intercom
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Intelligence
Correct Answer
A. IdentificationExplanation
SIM stands for Subscriber Identification Module. It is a small chip that is inserted into a mobile device to identify and authenticate the user on a cellular network. The SIM card contains unique information about the subscriber, such as their phone number, network authorization, and personal data. This allows the network provider to identify and track the subscriber's usage and billing information. Therefore, the correct answer is Identification.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which one of the following devices rebroadcasts the signals it receives after conditioning them for increased strength and clarity?
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Repeater
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Bridge
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Gateway
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Router
Correct Answer
A. RepeaterExplanation
A repeater is a device that receives signals and then amplifies and retransmits them to extend the range of a network. It helps to overcome signal degradation and loss that occurs over long distances or due to obstacles. By conditioning the signals for increased strength and clarity, a repeater ensures that the transmitted data reaches its intended destination without any distortion or loss. Therefore, a repeater is the correct answer as it rebroadcasts signals after conditioning them for increased strength and clarity.Rate this question:
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- 15.
4G will provide a better coverage of network?
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
4G technology is designed to provide a better coverage of network compared to its predecessor, 3G. It offers faster data speeds, improved signal strength, and better network capacity, resulting in a more reliable and consistent connection. With 4G, users can experience enhanced network coverage, allowing them to stay connected in areas where 3G signals may be weak or unavailable. Therefore, the statement "4G will provide a better coverage of network" is true.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The bandwidth of a WLAN is shared bandwidth and the number of stations attempting to share the bandwidth can affect the performance, especially in terms of __________.
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Throughput
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Roaming
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NIC
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DHCP
Correct Answer
A. ThroughputExplanation
The bandwidth of a WLAN is shared among all the stations connected to it. When multiple stations attempt to share the bandwidth, it can affect the performance in terms of throughput. Throughput refers to the amount of data that can be transmitted over the network within a given amount of time. As more stations compete for the available bandwidth, the overall throughput may decrease, leading to slower data transmission speeds.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The __________ is designed to radiate the aura of the electromagnetic field created by the electric current.
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Antenna
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Intensity
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Radio
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Phase
Correct Answer
A. AntennaExplanation
An antenna is a device that is specifically designed to radiate the aura of the electromagnetic field created by the electric current. It is used to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves, such as radio waves. The antenna acts as a conductor, converting the electrical signals into electromagnetic waves and vice versa. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is antenna.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which of the RF multiplexing methods uses times slices to carry multiple data streams on a single carrier?
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TDM
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AM
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FDM
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FM
Correct Answer
A. TDMExplanation
TDM, or Time Division Multiplexing, is a method of RF multiplexing that uses time slices to carry multiple data streams on a single carrier. In TDM, each data stream is given a specific time slot during which it can transmit its data. This allows multiple data streams to share the same carrier frequency without interfering with each other. By dividing the time into slices, TDM ensures that each data stream gets its turn to transmit, providing efficient utilization of the carrier frequency.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Video Calls and Conferencing were services used within 2G.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
Video Calls and Conferencing were not services used within 2G. 2G technology primarily focused on voice calls and basic data services, while video calls and conferencing became more prevalent with the introduction of 3G and later generations of mobile networks.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Multiplying the frequency of an electromagnetic wave travelling through air by its wavelength will always yield _________.
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The speed of light
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A variable
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Zero
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The speed of sound
Correct Answer
A. The speed of lightExplanation
When an electromagnetic wave travels through a medium, its frequency and wavelength are related by the equation: speed = frequency x wavelength. Since the speed of light is a constant in a vacuum or air, multiplying the frequency by its wavelength will always result in the speed of light. Therefore, the correct answer is "the speed of light".Rate this question:
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- 21.
The type of access used in GSM technology is
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TDMA
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CDMA
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OFDMA
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. TDMAExplanation
TDMA stands for Time Division Multiple Access, which is the access method used in GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) technology. In TDMA, each user is assigned a specific time slot within a given frequency band, allowing multiple users to share the same frequency channel simultaneously. This enables efficient use of the available bandwidth and allows for multiple calls to be transmitted over the same frequency at different times. Therefore, TDMA is the correct answer as it accurately describes the type of access used in GSM technology.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What WLAN device is installed in or attached to a PC to provide an interface to a wireless network?
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Network Adaptor
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Access Point
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Antenna
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Repeater
Correct Answer
A. Network AdaptorExplanation
A network adapter is a device that is installed in or attached to a PC to provide an interface to a wireless network. It allows the PC to connect to and communicate with the wireless network, enabling the user to access the internet or other devices on the network wirelessly. The network adapter typically includes a radio transmitter and receiver, as well as software drivers that allow the PC to communicate with the wireless network.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Why was 3G delayed in some countries?
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New equipment had to be installed
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Higher licencing fees
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The country didn't want to introduce a new technology
Correct Answer
A. Higher licencing feesExplanation
The delay in implementing 3G in some countries can be attributed to higher licensing fees. These fees may have posed financial challenges for telecommunication companies, causing them to delay the installation of new equipment required for 3G networks. The higher costs associated with obtaining licenses could have deterred companies from adopting the new technology promptly.Rate this question:
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- 24.
__________ transmitters are generally accepted as the default transmitter standard for most Bluetooth products.
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Class 2
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Class 3
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Class 4
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Class 1
Correct Answer
A. Class 2Explanation
Class 2 transmitters are generally accepted as the default transmitter standard for most Bluetooth products because they have a range of up to 10 meters (33 feet) and are suitable for most consumer electronics devices. They provide a good balance between power consumption and range, making them ideal for devices like smartphones, tablets, and headphones. Class 3 transmitters have a shorter range, while Class 4 transmitters have an even shorter range and are typically used for specialized applications. Class 1 transmitters have the longest range, but they consume more power and are generally used in industrial or professional settings.Rate this question:
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- 25.
When an access point is used to link a wireless network to a wired Ethernet network, the access is considered to be a:
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BSS
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ESS
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IBSS
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SSS
Correct Answer
A. BSSExplanation
When an access point is used to link a wireless network to a wired Ethernet network, the access is considered to be a BSS (Basic Service Set). A BSS is a basic building block of a wireless LAN and consists of one access point and one or more wireless devices connected to it. In this scenario, the access point acts as a central hub, connecting the wireless devices to the wired network, allowing them to communicate and access resources on the Ethernet network.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Which of the following best defines the topology of a WWAN in which a single base station provides wireless communications links to multiple subscriber stations?
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Point-to-multipoint
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Multipoint-to-point
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Point-to-point
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Multipoint-to-multipoint
Correct Answer
A. Point-to-multipointExplanation
A WWAN (Wireless Wide Area Network) is a network that provides wireless communication over a large geographical area. In this scenario, a single base station is providing wireless communication links to multiple subscriber stations. This is known as a point-to-multipoint topology, where the base station acts as a central point and communicates with multiple subscriber stations simultaneously. The other options, such as multipoint-to-point, point-to-point, and multipoint-to-multipoint, do not accurately describe the scenario where a single base station is providing communication links to multiple subscriber stations.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Radio communication frequencies range from ___________.
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3 KHz to 300 GHz
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3 KHz to 3000 GHz
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3 KHz to 300 KHz
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300 KHz to 3 GHz
Correct Answer
A. 3 KHz to 300 GHzExplanation
Radio communication frequencies range from 3 KHz to 300 GHz. This range encompasses a wide spectrum of frequencies that are used for various types of radio communication, including AM and FM radio, television broadcasting, mobile phones, Wi-Fi, and satellite communication. The lower frequencies in the kilohertz range are typically used for long-distance communication, while the higher frequencies in the gigahertz range are used for shorter-range communication and data transmission. This broad frequency range allows for efficient and reliable communication across different applications and distances.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Bluetooth v2.1 specifies data transfer rates of up to __________.
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3 Mbps
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1 Mbps
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5 Mbps
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11 Mbps
Correct Answer
A. 3 MbpsExplanation
Bluetooth v2.1 specifies data transfer rates of up to 3 Mbps. This means that Bluetooth devices using version 2.1 can transfer data at a maximum rate of 3 megabits per second. This speed allows for relatively fast data transfer between devices, making it suitable for tasks such as streaming audio or transferring files wirelessly.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Which of the following is not an example of electromagnetic radiation using waveform?
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Audio
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Radio waves
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Gamma rays
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Ultraviolet Light
Correct Answer
A. AudioExplanation
Audio is not an example of electromagnetic radiation using waveform because audio refers to sound waves, which are mechanical waves that require a medium to travel through, such as air or water. Electromagnetic radiation, on the other hand, does not require a medium and can travel through a vacuum. Radio waves, gamma rays, and ultraviolet light are all examples of electromagnetic radiation.Rate this question:
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- 30.
__________ measures how much ahead or behind a wave is to a reference frequency of the same wavelength.
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Phase
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Speed
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Intensity
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Amplitude
Correct Answer
A. PhaseExplanation
Phase measures the relative position of a wave compared to a reference frequency of the same wavelength. It indicates how much ahead or behind the wave is in terms of its cycle. In other words, phase describes the timing or synchronization of a wave with respect to the reference frequency.Rate this question:
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- 31.
__________ is the method used to maximize the utilization of a limited transmission medium by interspersing message segments from multiple sessions onto the single medium.
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Multiplexing
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Full duplex
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DSL
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Half duplex
Correct Answer
A. MultiplexingExplanation
Multiplexing is the method used to maximize the utilization of a limited transmission medium by interspersing message segments from multiple sessions onto the single medium. This technique allows multiple signals to be combined and transmitted simultaneously, increasing the efficiency of the transmission medium. It is commonly used in telecommunications and computer networks to optimize the use of bandwidth and improve overall system performance.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which Layer 2 Bluetooth protocol that provides connection-oriented and connectionless data services?
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L2CAP
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LMP
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MAC
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PHY
Correct Answer
A. L2CAPExplanation
L2CAP is the correct answer because it is the Layer 2 Bluetooth protocol that provides both connection-oriented and connectionless data services. L2CAP stands for Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol, and it is responsible for multiplexing different higher-layer protocols and providing reliable and efficient data transmission over the Bluetooth link. LMP (Link Manager Protocol) is responsible for link setup and management, MAC (Media Access Control) handles access to the physical medium, and PHY (Physical Layer) deals with the actual transmission of the data.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which of the following wireless transmission phenomenon cause ISI?
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Multipath propagation
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Singlepath propagation
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FHSS
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DSSS
Correct Answer
A. Multipath propagationExplanation
Multipath propagation refers to the phenomenon where wireless signals travel through multiple paths and reach the receiver at different times. This causes the signals to interfere with each other and results in intersymbol interference (ISI). ISI occurs when the delayed versions of the signal overlap with the current symbol, leading to errors in data transmission. Therefore, multipath propagation is the correct answer as it causes ISI in wireless transmission.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which one of the following companies was not an original Bluetooth SIG member?
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Hewlett-Packard
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IBM
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Ericsson
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Nokia
Correct Answer
A. Hewlett-PackardExplanation
Hewlett-Packard (HP) was not an original Bluetooth SIG member. Bluetooth SIG is the organization responsible for the development and promotion of Bluetooth technology. The original members of Bluetooth SIG were IBM, Ericsson, Nokia, and Toshiba. HP, although a major technology company, was not part of the original group that formed the Bluetooth SIG.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Wireless networks transmit using RF signals, which require a __________ to receive and transmit signals through the air.
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Antenna
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Repeater
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Router
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Remote
Correct Answer
A. AntennaExplanation
Wireless networks transmit data using radio frequency (RF) signals. These signals need an antenna to both receive and transmit the signals through the air. Antennas are designed to pick up and emit these RF signals, allowing devices to connect to the wireless network and communicate wirelessly. Repeaters, routers, and remotes are not specifically designed for this purpose, making antenna the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Which one of the following frequency bands is used for cordless phones?
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900 MHz
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40 MHz
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75 MHz
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300 MHz
Correct Answer
A. 900 MHzExplanation
Cordless phones typically operate in the 900 MHz frequency band. This frequency range provides good coverage and penetration through walls and obstacles, making it suitable for indoor use. Additionally, the 900 MHz band offers a relatively low level of interference from other devices, ensuring clear and reliable communication.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Microwaves use ________ propagation
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Line-of-sight
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Ground
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Space
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Sky
Correct Answer
A. Line-of-sightExplanation
Microwaves use line-of-sight propagation because they require a clear and unobstructed path between the transmitter and the receiver. This means that the microwave signals travel in a straight line and cannot bend or go around obstacles such as buildings or mountains. Line-of-sight propagation is commonly used in microwave communication systems to ensure reliable transmission of signals over short to medium distances.Rate this question:
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- 38.
In RF terminology, a metal box is any metallic or __________ object that blocks or absorbs a transmitted RF signal.
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Magnetic
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Stationary
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Opaque
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Physical
Correct Answer
A. MagneticExplanation
In RF terminology, a metal box is any metallic or magnetic object that blocks or absorbs a transmitted RF signal. This means that a metal box, whether it is made of metal or contains magnetic materials, can interfere with or prevent the transmission of RF signals. Stationary, opaque, and physical do not specifically refer to properties that would block or absorb RF signals, making them incorrect choices.Rate this question:
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- 39.
During which version of the second generation was GPRS introduced?
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2G
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2.4G
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2.5G
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2.75G
Correct Answer
A. 2.5GExplanation
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) was introduced during the 2.5G version of the second generation of mobile networks. This version was an intermediate step between 2G and 3G, and it brought improvements in data transmission speed and efficiency compared to traditional 2G networks. GPRS allowed for the transmission of packet-switched data, enabling services such as internet browsing, email, and multimedia messaging. It paved the way for the development of more advanced mobile data technologies in subsequent generations.Rate this question:
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- 40.
What signal transmission method intersperses message segments from multiple sessions into a single medium?
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Multiplexing
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Modulation
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FHSS
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DSSS
Correct Answer
A. MultiplexingExplanation
Multiplexing is the correct answer because it is a signal transmission method that combines multiple data streams from different sources and sends them over a single communication channel or medium. It allows for the efficient use of bandwidth by dividing the channel into smaller subchannels, each carrying a different data stream. This technique is commonly used in telecommunications to transmit multiple signals simultaneously, such as in cable television or internet connections, where different channels or data streams are combined and transmitted over a single cable or line.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Cable TV using co-axial cable is a common application of __________ multiplexing transmissions.
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Frequency-division
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Code-division
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Wave-division
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Time-division
Correct Answer
A. Frequency-divisionExplanation
Cable TV using co-axial cable is a common application of frequency-division multiplexing transmissions. This means that different channels are allocated different frequency ranges to transmit their signals simultaneously over the same cable. Each channel is assigned a specific frequency band, and by using frequency-division multiplexing, multiple channels can be transmitted and received without interfering with each other.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Multipath propagation happens when a __________ cannot take a clear and direct path between a transmitter and a receiver.
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RF signal
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Object
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Packets
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Airwave
Correct Answer
A. RF signalExplanation
Multipath propagation occurs when an RF signal encounters obstacles or objects in its path, causing it to reflect, refract, or diffract. This results in multiple versions of the signal arriving at the receiver at different times and with different strengths. As a result, the direct path between the transmitter and receiver is obstructed, and the RF signal cannot take a clear and direct path.Rate this question:
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- 43.
A __________ infrared transmission must have a clear, unobstructed transmission path between the transmitter and receiver.
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Directed
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Frequency-hopping
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Diffused
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Direct-sequence
Correct Answer
A. DirectedExplanation
A directed infrared transmission refers to a specific type of infrared transmission where the signal is directed in a specific path between the transmitter and receiver. This means that there should be a clear and unobstructed transmission path for the signal to be successfully transmitted and received. In other words, the signal cannot be scattered or diffused in different directions, but rather it needs to be focused and directed towards the intended receiver.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Which of the following angle is not an available angle for the four-phase modulation?
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135
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90
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0
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180
Correct Answer
A. 135 -
- 45.
To which one of the following generations does CDMA belong?
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Second generation
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Third generation
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Fourth generation
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First generation
Correct Answer
A. Second generationExplanation
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) is a cellular technology that was first introduced in the second generation of mobile networks. It is a digital technology that allows multiple users to share the same frequency band simultaneously by using unique codes to differentiate between them. CDMA was a significant improvement over the first generation analog systems, providing better call quality, increased capacity, and improved security. Therefore, CDMA belongs to the second generation of mobile networks.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Which of the following best defines the topology of a WWAN in which a single base station provides a wireless communications link to a single subscriber station?
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Point-to-point
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Multipoint-to-point
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Point-to-multipoint
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Multipoint-to-multipoint
Correct Answer
A. Point-to-pointExplanation
A WWAN (Wireless Wide Area Network) topology in which a single base station provides a wireless communications link to a single subscriber station is best defined as point-to-point. In this topology, the communication is direct and exclusive between the base station and the subscriber station, without any other stations involved. It is a one-to-one connection, with a dedicated link between the two stations.Rate this question:
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- 47.
_________ is a RF-communications standard used to form ad-hoc PANs within a 10-meter range.
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Bluetooth
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IrDA
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IR
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ZigBee
Correct Answer
A. BluetoothExplanation
Bluetooth is a RF-communications standard that allows for the formation of ad-hoc Personal Area Networks (PANs) within a 10-meter range. It is commonly used for wireless communication between devices such as smartphones, laptops, and peripherals. Bluetooth technology enables the seamless transfer of data and audio between devices, making it a popular choice for short-range wireless communication.Rate this question:
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- 48.
A Bluetooth device cannot act as a __________ for two piconets.
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Master
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Slave
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Transmitter
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Frequency-hopper
Correct Answer
A. MasterExplanation
A Bluetooth device cannot act as a master for two piconets because the master is the device that controls the timing and frequency hopping of the piconet. Each piconet has only one master, which initiates and controls the communication with the slave devices. Therefore, a Bluetooth device cannot simultaneously act as the master for two separate piconets.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Different stationary objects create different levels of __________ in the RF signal.
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Attenuation
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Intensity
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Modulation
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Frequency
Correct Answer
A. AttenuationExplanation
Different stationary objects create different levels of attenuation in the RF signal. Attenuation refers to the reduction in the strength or intensity of a signal as it travels through a medium or encounters obstacles. In the context of RF signals, objects such as buildings, walls, or even foliage can cause attenuation by absorbing, reflecting, or scattering the signal. The level of attenuation depends on factors like the material and thickness of the object, as well as the frequency of the RF signal. Therefore, the correct answer is attenuation.Rate this question:
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