Axilla And Upper Limb Quiz!

The axillary artery is a continuation of the subclavian artery and it runs through the axilla (armpit) region. It supplies blood to the upper limb. As it travels down the arm, it changes its name to the brachial artery at the lower border of the teres major muscle. Therefore, the statement that the axillary artery continues as a brachial artery is true.

The rotator cuff muscles consist of four muscles: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor. These muscles are responsible for stabilizing and rotating the shoulder joint. Therefore, the statement that the rotator cuff muscles are supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor is true.

The radial nerve is indeed the nerve of the posterior compartment of the forearm. It is responsible for providing motor innervation to the extensor muscles of the forearm, as well as sensory innervation to the skin on the posterior aspect of the hand and forearm. This nerve is important for various functions, such as extending the wrist and fingers, and it can be affected in conditions like radial nerve palsy.

The cubital fossa is a triangular depression in the anterior part of the elbow. It is bounded by the brachioradialis muscle, the pronator teres muscle, and a line connecting the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus. The median nerve, along with the brachial artery and the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle, passes through the cubital fossa. Therefore, the statement that the median nerve is in the cubital fossa is true.

The carpal tunnel is indeed formed anteriorly at the wrist by a deep arch created by the carpal bones and the flexor retinaculum. This anatomical structure allows for the passage of various structures, including the median nerve and the flexor tendons of the hand. Therefore, the statement is true.

The brachial plexus is a network of nerves that originates from the spinal cord in the neck region and extends into the axilla (armpit) and upper limb. It does not begin or end in the axilla. Instead, it starts in the neck and extends down into the upper limb, providing innervation to the muscles and skin of the arm. Therefore, the statement that the brachial plexus begins and ends in the axilla is incorrect.

The statement is false because the muscles at the posterior compartment of the arm are responsible for extending the elbow joint, not flexing it. Flexion of the elbow is primarily controlled by the muscles at the anterior compartment of the arm, such as the biceps brachii.

The muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm are not associated with pronation. They are primarily responsible for extension of the wrist and fingers. Pronation is controlled by muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm. Therefore, the statement is false.