Longus Colli
Longus Capitis
Multifidi
A&C
All of the above
Strain of the SCM
Sprain of the ligamentum flavum
Compression of the zygapophyseal joints
A&C
None of the above
Anterior joint capsule
SCM
Posterior joint capsule
Hyoids
None of the above
Does not present with pain or stiffness
Is clinically uncommon
Presents with pain and stiffness and reduced ROM
Presents with pain but does not affect ROM
Includes neurological signs and symptoms
Acquired
Spasmodic
Congenital
A & B
All of the above
Ipsilateral SCM, levator scapula, splenius capitis
Ipsilateral SCM, upper trapezius, contralateral scalene
Ipsilateral SCM, upper trapezius, contralateral splenius capitis
Ipsilateral SCM, scalene, splenius capitis
Reciprocal inhibition by resisting left side flexion
Muscle stripping and specific compression to treat trigger points
Grade 3 mobilizations of the cervical spine
Reciprocal inhibition by resisting left rotation
All of the above are highly indicated
Rectus capitis posterior major
Obliquus capitis inferior
Splenius cervicis
B & C
A & C
The middle deltoid
Over the acromion
Posterior neck above the superior angle of the scapula
Inferior angle of the scapula
All of the above
Right rotation and lateral flexion of C3
Flexion of C3
Extension of C3
A & B
A & C
Peripheralization of symptoms with repeated lumbar flexion
Subjective complaint of pain in the buttock region
Subjective complaint of parasthesia or numbness below the knee
Increased pain when seated
Straight leg raise test that is positive at 90 degrees.
Acute disc herniation
Iliolumbar ligament sprain
Lumbar strain
Stenosis
Osteoarthritis
Gluteus maximus
Piriformis
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Quadratus lumborum
Sequestration
Prolapse
Extrusion
None of the above
Late stage osteoarthritis
Large posterolateral disc protrusion
Flare up of rheumatoid arthritis
Hyperlordotic posture
All of the above can cause stenosis
L3 nerve root
L4 nerve root
L5 nerve root
S1 nerve root
Sciatic nerve
L3
L4
L5
S1
None of the above
Positioning the client without a pillow under the abdomen
Self-care that includes stretching the biceps femoris from the long seated position
Self-care that includes prone lumbar extension movements
Massage technique to help reduce the spasms in the lumbar spine
Self-care that includes isometric transverse abdominus activation
Osteophyte formation is a feature of the severe stage
Muscle spasm is commonly associated with this condition
It occurs in the cervical spine
Extension exercises are recommended to help centralize the symptoms
Sitting is likely to relieve the symptoms associated with DDD
1 month
2 months
3 months
6 months
1 year
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