MS Azor's Biology Midterm

Hypotheses may arise from prior knowledge, local inferences, and informed, creative imagination. Prior knowledge refers to the existing information and understanding that an individual possesses. Local inferences involve drawing conclusions based on specific observations or evidence. Informed, creative imagination refers to the ability to generate new ideas and possibilities based on existing knowledge and understanding. Therefore, all of these factors can contribute to the development of hypotheses.

Birds flying south for the winter is an example of living things responding to their environment. This behavior is a response to changes in temperature and food availability. Birds migrate to warmer regions where they can find sufficient food and survive the cold winter months. This behavior demonstrates how living organisms adapt and adjust their behavior in order to meet the challenges posed by their environment.

An ecosystem includes all the other levels of organization. It is a complex system where living organisms interact with each other and their physical environment. Within an ecosystem, populations of different species interact and form communities. These communities, in turn, make up the population level. Finally, individual organisms make up the population level. Therefore, the ecosystem encompasses all the other levels of organization, making it the correct answer.

The ability to reproduce results is an important part of any experiment. In order for scientific findings to be considered valid and reliable, they must be able to be replicated by other researchers. This ensures that the results are not due to chance or error, but rather reflect a consistent and reliable phenomenon. Reproducibility allows for the verification and validation of scientific claims, and is a fundamental principle in the scientific method.

A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon or observation. It is an educated guess that can be tested through experiments and observations. The correct answer states that a hypothesis may be disproved by a single experiment. This means that if the results of an experiment contradict the predictions made by the hypothesis, it can be considered false or incorrect. This emphasizes the importance of testing and experimentation in the scientific method, as hypotheses are not considered proven facts until they have been rigorously tested and supported by evidence.

The space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains electrons. Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells. They are much smaller and lighter than protons and neutrons, and they have a negative charge that balances out the positive charge of the protons in the nucleus, creating a stable atom. Electrons are responsible for chemical bonding and determining the chemical properties of an element.

When enough experimental data support a hypothesis, the hypothesis becomes a theory. This is because a theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of evidence and has been repeatedly confirmed through experimentation and observation. A theory goes beyond just a hypothesis, which is an educated guess or proposed explanation that can be tested. Therefore, when a hypothesis has sufficient evidence to support it, it can be elevated to the status of a theory.

The term for the land, water, and air on earth is the biosphere. The biosphere refers to the interconnected system of all living organisms and their environment, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. It encompasses all ecosystems and supports the existence of life on earth.

The amount of light and temperature are examples of factors to which living things respond. Living organisms have the ability to sense and react to changes in their environment, including changes in light intensity and temperature. These factors can have a direct impact on an organism's behavior, growth, and overall survival. For example, plants respond to light by growing towards it (phototropism) and animals may seek shade or move to cooler areas when exposed to high temperatures. Therefore, the correct answer is factors to which living things respond.

If a chlorine atom had 17 protons and 18 neutrons, it would be called chlorine-35. This is because the atomic number of an element is determined by the number of protons it has, and in this case, chlorine still has 17 protons. However, the mass number of an element is determined by the sum of protons and neutrons, so adding 18 neutrons to the 17 protons gives a mass number of 35. Therefore, the correct name for this atom would be chlorine-35.