Motor Speech Quiz 5

2.

Vision can be changed in patients with stoke and TBI. In understanding the optic nerve what happens with the retina and the brain?

Half of the retina crosses the midline at optic chaism and half remains ipsilateral
Half the retina mixes with the olfactory nerve

Correct Answer

A. Half of the retina crosses the midline at optic chaism and half remains ipsilateral

Explanation

The optic nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain. In cases of stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI), the optic nerve can be affected, leading to changes in vision. The optic chiasm is the point where the optic nerves from each eye intersect. At this point, half of the fibers from each optic nerve cross the midline, while the other half remains on the same side (ipsilateral). This arrangement allows for the integration of visual information from both eyes in the brain. Therefore, in patients with stroke and TBI, the distribution of retinal fibers at the optic chiasm can be altered, resulting in changes in vision.

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3.

Dysarthria normally affects

Just speech
Speed, strength, range, timing and accuracy of speech movements
Impairment in the ability to sequence motor commands for positioning the articulators

Correct Answer

A. Speed, strength, range, timing and accuracy of speech movements

Explanation

Dysarthria is a speech disorder that affects the speed, strength, range, timing, and accuracy of speech movements. It impairs the ability to properly coordinate and control the muscles involved in speech production, resulting in difficulties with articulation, pronunciation, and overall speech clarity.

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4.

Hyperkinetic and hypokinetic dysarthria results from problems with

Cerebellar circuitry
Extrapyramidal circuitry - basal ganglia
Upper motor neuron lesions

Correct Answer

A. Extrapyramidal circuitry - basal ganglia

Explanation

Hyperkinetic and hypokinetic dysarthria are both motor speech disorders that result from problems with the extrapyramidal circuitry, specifically the basal ganglia. The extrapyramidal circuitry is responsible for regulating and coordinating voluntary movements, including speech. Dysfunction in this circuitry can lead to abnormal muscle movements and control, causing the characteristic speech impairments seen in these dysarthrias. The cerebellar circuitry is primarily involved in coordinating motor movements and is not directly related to dysarthria. Upper motor neuron lesions, on the other hand, can cause spastic dysarthria but are not specifically related to hyperkinetic or hypokinetic dysarthria.

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5.

Flaccid dysarthria results from

Upper motor neuron lesion
Lower motor neuron
Problem with basal ganglia circuitry
Cellarbellar circuitry

Correct Answer

A. Lower motor neuron

Explanation

Flaccid dysarthria results from damage or dysfunction in the lower motor neurons. The lower motor neurons are responsible for carrying signals from the brain to the muscles involved in speech production. When these neurons are affected, it can lead to weakness, reduced muscle tone, and impaired coordination of the muscles involved in speech. This results in the characteristic symptoms of flaccid dysarthria, such as slurred speech, breathiness, and difficulty with articulation.

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6.

3 essential procedural components when assessing someone with dysarthria

Consider the nature of stroke, determine what phonemes the person can't produce, perform further assessment
Review medical history, identify salient features, identify confirmatory signs
Review history, determine if the patient can be helped, do assessment

Correct Answer

A. Review medical history, identify salient features, identify confirmatory signs

Explanation

The correct answer is to review the medical history, identify salient features, and identify confirmatory signs. This is because when assessing someone with dysarthria, it is important to review their medical history to understand the underlying causes and any previous treatments. Identifying salient features helps to determine the specific characteristics of the dysarthria, such as the type and severity. Lastly, identifying confirmatory signs involves looking for additional physical signs or symptoms that support the diagnosis of dysarthria. These three components provide a comprehensive approach to assessing someone with dysarthria.

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7.

Palilalia refers to

Monoloudness
Slow AMRS
Compulsive repetition of words

Correct Answer

A. Compulsive repetition of words

Explanation

Palilalia refers to the compulsive repetition of words. It is a speech disorder characterized by the involuntary repetition of words or phrases. People with palilalia often repeat their own words or the words of others immediately after they have been spoken. This repetition can occur multiple times, and it is often difficult for individuals with palilalia to control or stop the repetition. Palilalia can be a symptom of various neurological conditions, such as Tourette syndrome or certain types of dementia.

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8.

What are the six sensory systems in the brain?

Supplementary motor strip, motor strip, parietal lobe, articulate fasiculus, occipital lobe
Visual system, olfactory, auditory, gustatory, somasthetic

Correct Answer

A. Visual system, olfactory, auditory, gustatory, somasthetic

Explanation

The correct answer includes the five sensory systems: visual system (related to vision), olfactory (related to smell), auditory (related to hearing), gustatory (related to taste), and somasthetic (related to touch and body position). These sensory systems are responsible for receiving and processing information from the environment and sending it to the brain for interpretation and response.

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9.

Which one is not true about flaccid dysarthria?

Results from damage to direct and indirect pathways
Problems in the nuclei, axons or neuromuscular junctions that make up the units of the final common pathway
Reflexive, automatic and voluntary movements are affected
Atrophy, fasciluations can occur with flaccid

Correct Answer

A. Results from damage to direct and indirect pathways

Explanation

Flaccid dysarthria is a motor speech disorder that is characterized by weak, flaccid muscles in the face, throat, and respiratory system, resulting in difficulties with speech production. It is typically caused by damage to the nerves or muscles involved in speech production. The given answer states that flaccid dysarthria results from damage to direct and indirect pathways, which is not true. Flaccid dysarthria is specifically caused by damage to the lower motor neurons, which are responsible for transmitting signals from the brain to the muscles. The direct and indirect pathways are not involved in this particular type of dysarthria.

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0

10.

What do third order sensory neurons do?

Project to cerebral cortex from thalamus, ipsilateral to primary sensory cortex
Innervate the sensory organs in PNS ipsilateral
Projection neurons located in brain stem, spinal cord, point of decussation, to thalamus

Correct Answer

A. Project to cerebral cortex from thalamus, ipsilateral to primary sensory cortex

Explanation

Third order sensory neurons project to the cerebral cortex from the thalamus, specifically to the primary sensory cortex on the same side of the body (ipsilateral). These neurons are responsible for relaying sensory information from the thalamus to the cerebral cortex, allowing for the perception and interpretation of sensory stimuli.

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11.

Flutter refers to

Repetitive swearing
Rhymic tremor like beats
Rapid low amplitude voice tremor

Correct Answer

A. Rapid low amplitude voice tremor

Explanation

Flutter refers to a rapid low amplitude voice tremor. This means that the voice trembles or shakes quickly and with a small range of movement. It is characterized by a rapid and slight quivering or vibration in the voice, which can affect the quality and clarity of speech. This condition is often associated with certain medical conditions or vocal disorders, and it can impact a person's ability to communicate effectively.

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12.

What do first order sensory neurons do?

Project neurons located in the brain stem or spinal cord
Project to cerebral cortex from thalamus, ipsilateral to primary sensory cortex
Innervate the sense organ in PNS ipsilateral

Correct Answer

A. Innervate the sense organ in PNS ipsilateral

Explanation

First-order sensory neurons are responsible for transmitting sensory information from the sense organ to the central nervous system. They innervate the sense organ in the peripheral nervous system on the same side of the body (ipsilateral). This allows them to detect and transmit sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain to the brain or spinal cord for further processing and interpretation.

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Motor Speech Quiz 5

What is true about apraxia?

Quiz Preview

Vision can be changed in patients with stoke and TBI. In understanding the optic nerve what happens with the retina and the brain?

Dysarthria normally affects

Hyperkinetic and hypokinetic dysarthria results from problems with

Flaccid dysarthria results from

3 essential procedural components when assessing someone with dysarthria

Palilalia refers to

What are the six sensory systems in the brain?

Which one is not true about flaccid dysarthria?

What do third order sensory neurons do?

Flutter refers to

What do first order sensory neurons do?