Module 8: Introduction To SR and Meta-analysis

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| By Drabokamal95

Drabokamal95

Community Contributor

Quizzes Created: 8 | Total Attempts: 3,000

Questions: 10 | Attempts: 136 | Updated: Jan 4, 2024

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Questions and Answers

1.

1-We summarize our data to :
- A.
  
  A) To communicate with each other and with our patients
- B.
  
  B) To make decisions about health problems
- C.
  
  C) To analyze results through statistical equations
- D.
  
  D) all of the above
Correct Answer
D. D) all of the above

Explanation
The correct answer is D) all of the above. Summarizing data allows us to communicate with each other and with our patients, as it provides a concise and clear representation of the information. It also helps in making informed decisions about health problems, as the summarized data highlights key findings and trends. Additionally, summarizing data allows for analysis through statistical equations, enabling us to draw meaningful insights and conclusions from the data. Therefore, all of these reasons contribute to why we summarize our data.

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2.

2- "PICO" in formulating research question stands for :
- A.
  
  A) prognosis, indicator, control, outbreak.
- B.
  
  B) phenomenon, investigation, consequences, occurrence.
- C.
  
  C) population, intervention, control, outcome
- D.
  
  D) none of the above
Correct Answer
C. C) population, intervention, control, outcome

Explanation
The acronym "PICO" is commonly used in formulating research questions in evidence-based practice. It stands for Population (the group of individuals being studied), Intervention (the treatment or intervention being considered), Control (the comparison group or alternative treatment), and Outcome (the desired outcome or result of the intervention). This framework helps researchers to clearly define their research question and identify the key components of their study.

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3.

3- Which of the following is higher in Evidence
- A.
  
  A) no difference between systematic review and meta-analysis
- B.
  
  B) Systematic review
- C.
  
  C) meta-analysis
- D.
  
  D) literature review
Correct Answer
C. C) meta-analysis

Explanation
A meta-analysis is higher in evidence compared to a systematic review and a literature review. While a systematic review involves a comprehensive analysis of multiple studies on a specific topic, a meta-analysis takes it a step further by statistically combining the results of these studies to generate a more precise estimate of the effect. This makes a meta-analysis a more robust and reliable source of evidence, as it provides a quantitative summary of the available data. On the other hand, a literature review is a broader overview of the existing literature on a topic without the statistical analysis or synthesis of data.

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4.

4-Systematic review checklist is called:
- A.
  
  PROSPERO
- B.
  
  PRISMA
- C.
  
  NCBI
- D.
  
  ICTRP
Correct Answer
B. PRISMA

Explanation
PRISMA is the correct answer because it is a widely recognized and commonly used checklist for conducting systematic reviews. It stands for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. PRISMA provides a structured framework for researchers to ensure transparency and completeness in reporting their systematic review methods and findings. It includes guidelines for the identification, screening, and inclusion/exclusion of studies, as well as data extraction and synthesis. By following the PRISMA checklist, researchers can enhance the quality and reliability of their systematic reviews.

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5.

6-what does this picture show?
- A.
  
  SR flow chart
- B.
  
  SR manuscript
- C.
  
  SR article
- D.
  
  SR Table
Correct Answer
A. SR flow chart

Explanation
The correct answer is SR flow chart because a flow chart is a visual representation of a process or system, and the picture in question likely depicts a flow chart related to SR (Systematic Review). The other options (SR manuscript, SR article, SR table) are not suitable explanations as they do not accurately describe the content of the picture.

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6.

4-It's a must that every SR include meta-analysis?
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The statement is asking whether it is necessary for every systematic review to include a meta-analysis. The correct answer is false because not every systematic review requires or includes a meta-analysis. A meta-analysis is a statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple studies to generate a more precise estimate of the effect of a particular intervention or treatment. While meta-analysis can be a valuable tool in systematic reviews, it is not always feasible or appropriate for every research question or available data. Therefore, not every systematic review includes a meta-analysis.

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7.

7-what does this picture show?
- A.
  
  Table
- B.
  
  Bar plot
- C.
  
  Forest plot
- D.
  
  Pie chart
Correct Answer
C. Forest plot
8.

8-the arrow in the picture is pointed to ?
- A.
  
  Pooled Effect size
- B.
  
  Studies included
- C.
  
  Null value line
- D.
  
  Weight of the study
Correct Answer
B. Studies included

Explanation
The arrow in the picture is pointed to "Studies included". This means that the arrow is indicating the concept of studies being included in the analysis or research being conducted. It could be referring to the number of studies that were included in a meta-analysis or a systematic review, for example. The arrow is highlighting the importance of considering and including relevant studies in order to obtain accurate and reliable results.

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9.

9-the arrow in the picture is pointed to ?
- A.
  
  Pooled Effect Size
- B.
  
  Included studies
- C.
  
  Weight
- D.
  
  Null value line
Correct Answer
A. Pooled Effect Size

Explanation
The arrow in the picture is pointed to the Pooled Effect Size. This is a statistical measure that combines the results from multiple studies to provide a more precise estimate of the overall effect. It takes into account the sample sizes and effect sizes of each individual study to calculate a weighted average. The Pooled Effect Size is an important measure in meta-analysis, as it helps to determine the overall impact of a particular intervention or treatment across multiple studies.

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10.

10-the arrow in the picture is pointed to ?
- A.
  
  Pooled Effect size
- B.
  
  Weight
- C.
  
  Pooled effect size and Confidence interval
- D.
  
  P-value
Correct Answer
C. Pooled effect size and Confidence interval

Explanation
The arrow in the picture is pointing to the pooled effect size and confidence interval. The pooled effect size is a statistical measure that combines the results of multiple studies to provide a more accurate estimate of the true effect size. The confidence interval is a range of values that is likely to contain the true effect size with a certain level of confidence. Both the pooled effect size and confidence interval are important in meta-analyses and systematic reviews as they provide information about the overall effect of an intervention or treatment.

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