Introduction To Cell And Cell Structure Quiz

The cell wall is a rigid layer that surrounds the plasma membrane of a plant cell. It provides structural support and protection to the cell, helping to maintain its shape and prevent it from bursting under pressure. The cell wall is composed of cellulose, a complex carbohydrate that gives it its rigidity. Unlike animal cells, which do not have a cell wall, plant cells rely on this structure for support and to withstand environmental stresses.

Ribosomes are the protein factories of the cell. They are responsible for protein synthesis, where they translate the genetic information from the DNA into proteins. Ribosomes can be found in the cytoplasm of the cell, as well as on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. They play a crucial role in the production of proteins, which are essential for various cellular processes and functions. Mitochondria are responsible for energy production, while the cytoplasm is the fluid-filled region of the cell where various cellular activities occur. Therefore, the correct answer is Ribosomes.

The genetic characters are determined by the nucleus. The nucleus contains the DNA, which carries the genetic information that determines an organism's characteristics. The DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into proteins that play a role in determining the organism's traits. The mitochondrion, Golgi bodies, and ribosomes all have important functions in the cell, but they do not directly determine the genetic characters of an organism.

Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes. These enzymes help break down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign substances within the cell. Lysosomes play a crucial role in cellular digestion and recycling of cellular components. They are responsible for maintaining the overall health and functioning of the cell by removing unwanted materials and recycling them for energy or building new molecules. Therefore, the correct answer is lysosomes.

Nucleoplasm is the correct answer because it is a liquid found in the nucleus of a cell. It surrounds the nucleolus and chromatins, providing a medium for various cellular activities. The nucleoplasm contains various molecules, such as enzymes, proteins, and nucleotides, which are essential for gene expression and DNA replication. It also helps in maintaining the structural integrity of the nucleus and provides a suitable environment for the storage and transport of genetic material.

The plasma membrane is the correct answer because it is responsible for protecting and supporting the cell, controlling what enters and leaves the cell through selective permeability, and recognizing chemical signals through receptors embedded in the membrane. It acts as a barrier between the cell and its external environment, allowing it to maintain homeostasis and communicate with other cells.

Centrioles are organelles that are involved in cell division and are found in the cytoplasm near the nucleus. They play a crucial role in organizing the microtubules that make up the cell's cytoskeleton and are necessary for the formation of the spindle fibers during cell division. Centrioles are also involved in the movement of chromosomes during cell division, ensuring that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes. Therefore, the presence of centrioles near the nucleus is important for their proper functioning in cell division.

Centrioles are absent in plant cells. Centrioles are small cylindrical structures found in animal cells that play a role in cell division. They are involved in the formation of spindle fibers during cell division, aiding in the separation of chromosomes. Plant cells, on the other hand, do not have centrioles. Instead, they rely on other structures, such as the microtubule organizing centers, to perform similar functions during cell division. Therefore, the absence of centrioles is a characteristic feature of plant cells.

Centrosomes are responsible for the formation of new cells. Centrosomes play a crucial role in cell division, specifically in the formation of the mitotic spindle during cell division. The mitotic spindle helps to separate the replicated chromosomes into two daughter cells, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic material. Therefore, centrosomes are essential for the formation of new cells through cell division.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps make and transport proteins and lipids. It is a network of membranous tubules and sacs located in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. The ER plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, folding, and modification. It also participates in lipid synthesis and detoxification of drugs and toxins. The ER is connected to the nuclear envelope and is divided into two regions: rough ER, which is studded with ribosomes and involved in protein synthesis, and smooth ER, which lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification.

Yeast is an example of a eukaryotic cell because it possesses a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells are typically found in organisms such as plants, animals, fungi, and protists. They are characterized by their complex internal structure and ability to perform various specialized functions. Yeast, a type of fungus, is a single-celled organism that exhibits eukaryotic characteristics, making it an example of a eukaryotic cell.

Vacuoles maintain the intracellular pressure in animal cells. Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles that store various substances such as water, ions, and nutrients. They help regulate the osmotic balance within the cell by controlling the movement of water and solutes. By storing and releasing water, vacuoles can regulate the internal pressure of the cell, maintaining its shape and stability. Additionally, vacuoles can also play a role in cellular waste management and detoxification.

Plastids are a group of organelles found in plant cells that are involved in various functions such as photosynthesis, storage, and pigment synthesis. Chloroplasts and chromoplasts are examples of plastids. However, the cell wall is not a plastid. The cell wall is a rigid structure made of cellulose that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support and protection to the cell. Unlike plastids, the cell wall does not contain any specialized pigments or participate in photosynthesis. Therefore, the correct answer is "Cell wall."

Amoeba is an example of a single-celled organism. It is a microscopic, unicellular organism that belongs to the group of protozoans. Amoebas are characterized by their ability to constantly change their shape, as they do not have a fixed body structure. They move by using pseudopods, which are temporary projections of their cytoplasm. Amoebas are found in various freshwater and marine environments, as well as in soil. They are capable of both asexual and sexual reproduction, and they obtain their nutrition by engulfing and digesting small particles of food.