MCQs 184 Community Dentistry 3dd. Prof.Vorn Vutha 1st Semester
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
Society is:
- A.
A group of people with common aims and objectives
- B.
An association of people living
- C.
A group of people living together
- D.
Group of similar individuals
- E.
A group of sciences
Correct Answer
A. A group of people with common aims and objectivesExplanation
The correct answer is "A group of people with common aims and objectives". This answer best defines society as it emphasizes the idea that society consists of individuals who come together to achieve shared goals and objectives. It implies that society is not just a random group of people, but rather a community that works towards a common purpose. This definition aligns with the concept of society as a social structure that promotes cooperation and collective progress.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Name the indicator which reveals the burden of ill health of the community:
- A.
Morbidity indicator
- B.
Mortality indicator
- C.
Nutritional state indicator
- D.
Disability rate
- E.
Socioeconomic indicator
Correct Answer
A. Morbidity indicatorExplanation
The correct answer is "Morbidity indicator." Morbidity refers to the presence of illness or disease in a population. A morbidity indicator is a measure that quantifies the burden of ill health within a community. It provides information about the prevalence, incidence, and distribution of diseases and health conditions. By tracking morbidity indicators, public health officials can assess the overall health status of a population, identify patterns and trends in diseases, and develop effective interventions and policies to improve community health.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Examining a patient in dental office is equivalent to community dental health:
- A.
Surveying
- B.
Analysis of data
- C.
Program planning
- D.
Program operation
- E.
Education
Correct Answer
A. SurveyingExplanation
Examining a patient in a dental office can be considered equivalent to surveying in community dental health. When a dentist examines a patient, they gather information about the patient's oral health status, identify any issues or concerns, and collect data on various aspects such as dental hygiene, cavities, gum health, and potential oral diseases. Similarly, in community dental health, surveying involves collecting data and information about the oral health status of a population or community. Both processes aim to gather relevant data and information to assess the oral health needs of individuals or communities, and to identify any areas that require intervention or improvement.Rate this question:
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- 4.
A trial which determines the feasibility and practicality of a study is called a:
- A.
Pilot study
- B.
Longitudinal study
- C.
Placebo
- D.
Case control study
- E.
Cohort study
Correct Answer
A. Pilot studyExplanation
A pilot study is a small-scale preliminary investigation conducted before a larger study to evaluate its feasibility and practicality. It helps researchers identify potential issues, refine study protocols, and determine the appropriate sample size. It allows researchers to test their research methods, data collection tools, and procedures before committing to a full-scale study. Pilot studies are essential in ensuring that the main study is well-designed and that potential problems are addressed beforehand.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What is primary cause of periodontal disease?
- A.
Bacterial plaque
- B.
Food habits
- C.
Lifestyle
- D.
Systemic disease
- E.
Vitamin deficiency
Correct Answer
A. Bacterial plaqueExplanation
Bacterial plaque is the primary cause of periodontal disease. Plaque is a sticky film that forms on the teeth and contains bacteria. When plaque is not properly removed through brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar, which irritates the gums and leads to inflammation and infection. This can eventually result in periodontal disease, causing damage to the gums and supporting structures of the teeth.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A decision about a course of action is:
- A.
Objective
- B.
Goal
- C.
Aim
- D.
Plan
- E.
Evaluation
Correct Answer
A. ObjectiveExplanation
The correct answer is "Objective" because a decision about a course of action refers to determining a specific purpose or target to be achieved. An objective provides a clear direction and focus for decision-making, guiding the selection of appropriate actions and strategies. It helps to ensure that the decision aligns with the desired outcome and serves as a measurable and attainable goal.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Tooth brushing appears to be the most effective in prevention of:
- A.
Periodontal disease
- B.
Bad breath
- C.
Malocclusion
- D.
Oral cancer
- E.
Premalignant lesions
Correct Answer
A. Periodontal diseaseExplanation
Tooth brushing is the most effective in preventing periodontal disease because it helps remove plaque and bacteria from the teeth and gums. Periodontal disease is caused by the buildup of plaque, which can lead to inflammation and infection of the gums. Regular brushing helps to keep the teeth and gums clean, reducing the risk of periodontal disease.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of the following index can be used to asses the treatment need:
- A.
CPITN
- B.
PDI
- C.
DMF
- D.
PMA
- E.
OHI-S
Correct Answer
A. CPITNExplanation
CPITN stands for Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need. It is a dental index used to assess the treatment need for periodontal diseases. It evaluates the presence and severity of periodontal conditions, including gingival bleeding, dental calculus, and periodontal pockets. CPITN is a widely accepted and standardized method for assessing periodontal treatment needs in community dental health programs. It helps in determining the appropriate treatment plan and prioritizing the allocation of resources for periodontal care.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following is most effective mean of health education:
- A.
Individual instructions
- B.
Lectures
- C.
Group
- D.
Distribution of pamphlets
- E.
Seminar
Correct Answer
A. Individual instructionsExplanation
Individual instructions are the most effective means of health education because they provide personalized and tailored information to individuals. This allows for a more focused and targeted approach, addressing specific health concerns and needs. Individual instructions also provide an opportunity for direct interaction and clarification of doubts, ensuring better understanding and retention of information. Additionally, this method allows for the adaptation of teaching techniques to suit the individual's learning style and pace, maximizing the effectiveness of health education.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Dental insurance is a:
- A.
Contract
- B.
Protective measure
- C.
Policy
- D.
Information
- E.
None
Correct Answer
A. ContractExplanation
Dental insurance is considered a contract because it is an agreement between an individual and an insurance company. This contract outlines the terms and conditions of the insurance coverage, including the services covered, the cost-sharing arrangement, and any limitations or exclusions. Both parties involved are legally bound by the terms of the contract, ensuring that the insurance company will provide the agreed-upon benefits in exchange for the individual's premium payments.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Average DMFT not more than 3 is the WHO oral health goal for the age:
- A.
12 years
- B.
5-6 years
- C.
18 years
- D.
15 years
- E.
65 years
Correct Answer
A. 12 yearsExplanation
The correct answer is 12 years because the World Health Organization (WHO) sets the oral health goal of having an average DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) not more than 3 for this age group. This goal indicates that the average 12-year-old should have no more than 3 teeth affected by decay, missing, or fillings. This standard helps assess and improve oral health in children and promote preventive measures to maintain a healthy dentition.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A newborn child is called neonate up to the age of:
- A.
4 weeks
- B.
1 week
- C.
2 weeks
- D.
8 weeks
- E.
10 weeks
Correct Answer
A. 4 weeksExplanation
A newborn child is called a neonate up to the age of 4 weeks because this is the period immediately after birth when the child is still adjusting to life outside the womb. During this time, the child undergoes rapid growth and development, both physically and neurologically. After 4 weeks, the child is considered an infant and enters a new stage of development.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Intervention in the disease process at a stage before the lesion occurs is:
- A.
Secondary prevention
- B.
Multiple prevention
- C.
Community prevention
- D.
Primary prevention
- E.
Tertiary prevention
Correct Answer
A. Secondary preventionExplanation
Secondary prevention refers to interventions that occur after the disease process has started but before any symptoms or lesions have appeared. It aims to detect and treat the disease in its early stages to prevent further progression and complications. In this case, intervening at a stage before the lesion occurs would be considered secondary prevention. Primary prevention, on the other hand, focuses on preventing the disease from occurring in the first place, while tertiary prevention aims to minimize the impact of an already established disease. Community prevention and multiple prevention are not commonly used terms in the context of disease prevention.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The data obtain directly from the individual is called as:
- A.
Primary data
- B.
Secondary data
- C.
Tertiary data
- D.
Quaternary data
- E.
Information
Correct Answer
A. Primary dataExplanation
Primary data refers to the information that is collected directly from the source or individual. It is the original data that is gathered for the first time specifically for a research study or analysis. This type of data is considered to be more accurate and reliable as it is firsthand information and has not been influenced or interpreted by any other sources. Primary data can be collected through surveys, interviews, observations, experiments, or questionnaires. It is used to gain specific insights and is essential for conducting original research and making informed decisions.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following sampling technique is most important for dentistry:
- A.
Stratified sampling
- B.
Simple random sampling
- C.
Systemic sampling
- D.
Quota sampling
- E.
Cluster sampling
Correct Answer
A. Stratified samplingExplanation
Stratified sampling is the most important sampling technique for dentistry because it allows for the selection of a representative sample from different subgroups within the population. In dentistry, there can be variations in oral health conditions among different age groups, genders, or socioeconomic backgrounds. By using stratified sampling, researchers can ensure that the sample includes an adequate representation from each subgroup, providing a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of oral health issues and enabling targeted interventions and treatments.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Children of upper socioeconomic status have more:
- A.
Dental caries
- B.
Periodontal problems
- C.
Malocclusion
- D.
Fractured teeth
- E.
Impacted teeth
Correct Answer
A. Dental cariesExplanation
Children of upper socioeconomic status have more dental caries because they have access to a higher quality diet, including more sugary foods and drinks, which can contribute to tooth decay. Additionally, they may have less exposure to preventive dental care and oral hygiene practices, leading to a higher incidence of dental caries.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Society is a group of:
- A.
Individuals
- B.
Males
- C.
Females
- D.
Children
- E.
Adults
Correct Answer
A. IndividualsExplanation
The correct answer is "Individuals" because society is composed of people who come together to form a community. It includes individuals of all genders and ages, including males, females, children, and adults. Society is not limited to any specific gender or age group, but encompasses all individuals who contribute to the functioning and development of the community.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Culture means a system of customs, ideas, values and skills which is transmitted socially from:
- A.
Generation to generation
- B.
Individual to generation
- C.
Parents to children
- D.
Teachers to students
- E.
Child to child
Correct Answer
A. Generation to generationExplanation
Culture is a system of customs, ideas, values, and skills that are passed down socially from one generation to another. It encompasses the knowledge and practices that are shared among a particular group of people. This transmission of culture from generation to generation ensures its continuity and allows individuals to learn about their heritage, traditions, and ways of life. It is through this intergenerational transfer that culture evolves and adapts over time, shaping the identity and beliefs of a community.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The basic of unit of society is:
- A.
Individual
- B.
Child
- C.
Family
- D.
Man
- E.
Woman
Correct Answer
A. IndividualExplanation
The basic unit of society is the individual because society is made up of individuals who come together to form families, communities, and larger social structures. Each individual has their own unique characteristics, beliefs, and behaviors that contribute to the overall functioning of society. Without individuals, there would be no families, communities, or any other social groups. Therefore, the individual is the fundamental building block of society.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Community is a:
- A.
Group of people having some resemblance
- B.
Group of similar individuals
- C.
Group of people living together
- D.
Group of people having good health
- E.
Group of people having good hygiene
Correct Answer
A. Group of people having some resemblanceExplanation
A community is a group of people who share some resemblance or similarity. This can refer to various aspects such as culture, beliefs, interests, or values. In a community, individuals often come together based on their commonalities and form connections with one another. This shared resemblance helps create a sense of belonging and unity within the group.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Dental health education is concerned with:
- A.
Prevention and interception of dental diseases
- B.
Treatment of dental disease
- C.
Prevention of dental disease
- D.
Interception of dental disease
- E.
Advice of dental patients
Correct Answer
A. Prevention and interception of dental diseasesExplanation
Dental health education focuses on preventing and intercepting dental diseases. This means that it aims to educate individuals on how to take care of their teeth and gums in order to prevent the occurrence of dental diseases such as cavities, gum disease, and tooth decay. It also involves teaching individuals about the importance of early detection and intervention in order to intercept and treat dental diseases before they worsen. Additionally, dental health education may involve providing advice to dental patients on maintaining good oral hygiene practices and making healthy lifestyle choices that promote dental health.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which of the following factors is/are necessary for dental caries:
- A.
Host, Sugar and Bacteria
- B.
Host and Environment
- C.
Sugar and Environment
- D.
Bacteria and Environment
- E.
Environment, Host, Sugar and Bacteria
Correct Answer
A. Host, Sugar and BacteriaExplanation
Dental caries, also known as tooth decay, is caused by the interaction of three main factors: host, sugar, and bacteria. The host refers to the individual's teeth and oral health. Sugar acts as a food source for the bacteria present in the mouth, which produce acids that can damage the teeth. Bacteria, specifically Streptococcus mutans, are responsible for the formation of dental plaque and the breakdown of sugars. Therefore, all three factors - host, sugar, and bacteria - are necessary for the development of dental caries.Rate this question:
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- 23.
In autocratic system:
- A.
Leader takes the decision
- B.
Group takes the decision
- C.
Leader takes the decision after consulting the team members
- D.
All members take decision
- E.
Team members and leader take decision
Correct Answer
A. Leader takes the decisionExplanation
In an autocratic system, the leader takes the decision without consulting or involving the group members. This means that the leader has complete authority and control over the decision-making process. The decision-making power lies solely with the leader, and the group members do not have any say or influence in the decision-making process.Rate this question:
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- 24.
In team dentistry:
- A.
Dental surgeon, Auxiliary, and Patients are benefited
- B.
Dental surgeon is benefited
- C.
Auxiliary is benefited
- D.
Patient is benefited
- E.
Community and government are benefited
Correct Answer
A. Dental surgeon, Auxiliary, and Patients are benefitedExplanation
In team dentistry, dental surgeons, auxiliaries, and patients are all benefited. This means that all three parties involved in the dental team, including the dental surgeon, auxiliary staff, and patients, experience positive outcomes and advantages. It implies that the collaborative efforts and contributions of all team members result in improved dental care, efficient workflow, and enhanced patient satisfaction. Additionally, this approach may also lead to benefits for the community and government, although the specific advantages are not mentioned in the question.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The most cost-effective method for prevention of dental caries is:
- A.
Water fluoridation
- B.
Fluoride mouthwashes
- C.
Fluoride fissure-sealants
- D.
Fluoride in salt
- E.
Fluoride in food
Correct Answer
A. Water fluoridationExplanation
Water fluoridation is the most cost-effective method for prevention of dental caries because it involves adding fluoride to the public water supply, which reaches a large population and requires minimal individual effort. This method ensures that everyone, regardless of socioeconomic status or access to dental care, receives the benefits of fluoride in preventing tooth decay. Additionally, water fluoridation has been proven to be safe and effective in reducing dental caries rates, making it a widely recommended public health measure.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Object of dental health education include:
- A.
Information, Motivation, Guidance and Materials
- B.
Information and Materials
- C.
Motivation and Materials
- D.
Guidance and Materials
- E.
Materials and man powers
Correct Answer
A. Information, Motivation, Guidance and MaterialsExplanation
The object of dental health education includes providing information, motivation, guidance, and materials. This means that in order to promote dental health, individuals need to be educated about proper dental care practices, motivated to maintain good oral hygiene, guided on how to effectively care for their teeth, and provided with the necessary materials such as toothbrushes, toothpaste, and floss. By addressing these key aspects, dental health education aims to empower individuals to take responsibility for their oral health and make informed decisions regarding their dental care.Rate this question:
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- 27.
One of the main approaches to public dental health program is:
- A.
Education and institutional approach
- B.
Individual and family approach
- C.
Mass approach
- D.
Newspaper approach
- E.
Community approach
Correct Answer
A. Education and institutional approachExplanation
The correct answer is Education and institutional approach. This approach focuses on providing education and information about oral health to the public, as well as implementing policies and programs at the institutional level to promote dental health. It involves educating individuals and communities about proper dental hygiene practices, preventive measures, and the importance of regular dental check-ups. Additionally, it involves working with institutions such as schools, healthcare facilities, and community organizations to integrate oral health promotion into their policies and practices. This approach aims to improve the overall oral health of the population by targeting both individuals and institutions.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Factor not influencing food habits is:
- A.
Social
- B.
Environment
- C.
Psychological
- D.
Educational
- E.
Community
Correct Answer
A. SocialExplanation
The factor that does not influence food habits is social. Social factors refer to the influence of society, culture, and social norms on individuals' food choices. However, other factors such as environment, psychological factors, educational factors, and community can all have an impact on a person's food habits. These factors can include access to healthy food options, personal preferences and beliefs, knowledge about nutrition, and the influence of one's community or social circle.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Dental health education does not include:
- A.
Heredity
- B.
Human biology
- C.
Hygiene
- D.
Nutrition
- E.
Habits
Correct Answer
A. HeredityExplanation
Dental health education includes various aspects related to oral health such as human biology, hygiene, nutrition, and habits. However, heredity is not included in dental health education. This means that dental health education does not focus on genetic factors or inherited traits that may affect oral health. Instead, it primarily emphasizes on promoting good oral hygiene practices, healthy eating habits, and maintaining proper dental care to prevent dental problems.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The brushing method which provides good interproximal and gingival stimulation, and requires moderate dexterity, is the:
- A.
Intrasulcular method
- B.
Physiologic method
- C.
Root method
- D.
Stillman’s method
- E.
Up and down method
Correct Answer
A. Intrasulcular methodExplanation
The Intrasulcular method of brushing provides good interproximal (between the teeth) and gingival (gum) stimulation. It requires moderate dexterity because it involves inserting the bristles into the gum line and brushing in a circular motion. This method is effective in removing plaque and debris from the gum line and can help prevent gum disease.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which of the following primary preventive services would be provided in the community rather than by dental professional?
- A.
Pit fissure sealants
- B.
Diet counseling
- C.
Plaque control program
- D.
School water fluoridation
- E.
Dental education
Correct Answer
A. Pit fissure sealantsExplanation
Pit fissure sealants are a type of protective coating that is applied to the chewing surfaces of teeth to prevent tooth decay. This preventive service can be provided in the community rather than by a dental professional because it does not require extensive dental knowledge or expertise. Community health programs or organizations can offer pit fissure sealants as part of their preventive dental services, making it accessible to a larger population.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Pulpotomy and root canal therapy form a part of:
- A.
Specific protection
- B.
Health promotion
- C.
Tertiary prevention
- D.
Secondary prevention
- E.
Primary prevention
Correct Answer
A. Specific protectionExplanation
Pulpotomy and root canal therapy are dental procedures that are performed to treat and protect the pulp of a tooth. The pulp is the innermost part of the tooth that contains nerves and blood vessels. By performing a pulpotomy or root canal therapy, the dentist aims to remove infected or damaged pulp and seal the tooth to prevent further infection or damage. This falls under the category of specific protection, as it is a targeted intervention to protect and treat a specific dental issue.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Promoting healthy life-style in children is:
- A.
Primordial prevention
- B.
Secondary prevention
- C.
Specific protection
- D.
High risk strategy
- E.
Tertiary prevention
Correct Answer
A. Primordial preventionExplanation
Primordial prevention refers to measures taken to prevent the development of risk factors for diseases in the first place. Promoting a healthy lifestyle in children, such as encouraging regular exercise, a balanced diet, and avoiding tobacco and alcohol, falls under primordial prevention. By instilling healthy habits and behaviors early on, the risk factors for various diseases can be minimized, leading to better long-term health outcomes.Rate this question:
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- 34.
The prevention that is done at the late pathogenesis stage of a disease is called as:
- A.
Tertiary
- B.
Primary
- C.
Secondary
- D.
Quaternary
- E.
Primordial
Correct Answer
A. TertiaryExplanation
The prevention that is done at the late pathogenesis stage of a disease is called tertiary prevention. Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and reducing the impact of a disease or condition that has already developed. It aims to prevent complications, slow down disease progression, and improve the quality of life for individuals affected by the disease. Tertiary prevention measures include rehabilitation, palliative care, and support services to minimize disability and maximize functioning.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Who is called all “father of public health”?
- A.
John Snow
- B.
William Budd
- C.
Tomas Sydenham
- D.
Galen and Avicenna
- E.
Jules Guerin
Correct Answer
A. John SnowExplanation
John Snow is called the "father of public health" because of his groundbreaking work in epidemiology and his role in identifying the source of a cholera outbreak in London in the 19th century. He used mapping and data analysis to determine that the outbreak was caused by contaminated water from a specific pump, which led to significant improvements in sanitation and public health practices. His work laid the foundation for modern public health and disease prevention.Rate this question:
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- 36.
“Germ theory of disease” was advanced by:
- A.
Louis Pasteur
- B.
Avicenna
- C.
John Hunter
- D.
John Snow
- E.
Susruta
Correct Answer
A. Louis PasteurExplanation
Louis Pasteur is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the scientist who advanced the germ theory of disease. Pasteur's experiments and research provided evidence that microorganisms, specifically bacteria, are responsible for causing diseases. His work revolutionized the understanding of infectious diseases and laid the foundation for modern medical practices such as sterilization and vaccination. Avicenna, John Hunter, John Snow, and Susruta are important figures in the history of medicine, but they did not specifically advance the germ theory of disease.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The person who is permitted to diagnose, to plan and to carry out certain specified preventive and treatment measure without the supervising dentist is:
- A.
Nurse of Dental School
- B.
Dental Therapist
- C.
Dental Hygienist
- D.
Dental Worker
Correct Answer
A. Nurse of Dental SchoolExplanation
The correct answer is Dental Therapist. A dental therapist is a dental professional who is trained and authorized to diagnose, plan, and carry out certain preventive and treatment measures without the supervision of a dentist. They work closely with dentists to provide comprehensive oral healthcare services, including fillings, extractions, and preventive care. While dental hygienists and dental workers also play important roles in dental care, they do not have the same level of autonomy as dental therapists.Rate this question:
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- 38.
The major component of dental plaque is:
- A.
Microorganism
- B.
Salivary contents
- C.
Lactic acid
- D.
Desquamated epithelial cells
Correct Answer
A. MicroorganismExplanation
Dental plaque is primarily composed of microorganisms, such as bacteria, that form a sticky film on teeth. These microorganisms feed on sugars from food and produce acids that can damage tooth enamel, leading to cavities and gum disease. The presence of microorganisms in dental plaque can also cause bad breath and tooth discoloration. Regular brushing and flossing help to remove plaque and prevent its buildup, reducing the risk of dental problems.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The optimum amount of fluoride in drinking water that does not produce mottling of enamel yet causing reduction in dental caries is:
- A.
1.0 PPM
- B.
0.01 PPM
- C.
0.1 PPM
- D.
2.1 PPM
Correct Answer
A. 1.0 PPMExplanation
The optimum amount of fluoride in drinking water that does not produce mottling of enamel yet causes a reduction in dental caries is 1.0 PPM. This concentration is carefully balanced to provide the benefits of fluoride in preventing tooth decay without causing the cosmetic issue of enamel mottling. Higher concentrations may lead to mottling, while lower concentrations may not be as effective in preventing dental caries. Therefore, 1.0 PPM is considered the ideal amount for maintaining oral health.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Name of indicator which reveals the burden of ill health of the Community:
- A.
Morbidity indicator
- B.
Mortality indicator
- C.
Disability rate
- D.
Socioeconomic indicator
Correct Answer
A. Morbidity indicatorExplanation
The correct answer is "Morbidity indicator". Morbidity indicator is a measure that reveals the burden of ill health in a community. It provides information about the prevalence and distribution of diseases, injuries, and other health conditions within a population. This indicator helps in understanding the overall health status of the community and identifying the need for healthcare interventions and resources.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Examining a patent in dental office is equivalent to Community dental Health:
- A.
Surveying
- B.
Evaluation
- C.
Analysis of data
- D.
Program operation
Correct Answer
A. SurveyingExplanation
Examining a patent in a dental office involves gathering information and conducting a thorough assessment of the patient's dental health. This process is similar to surveying in community dental health, where data is collected to understand the oral health needs of a specific population. Both activities involve gathering information, assessing the situation, and identifying areas for improvement or intervention. Therefore, examining a patient in a dental office can be considered a form of surveying in the context of community dental health.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Seasonal trend is characteristic of:
- A.
Communicable disease
- B.
Congenital disease
- C.
Malignant disease
- D.
Non Communicable disease
Correct Answer
A. Communicable diseaseExplanation
Seasonal trend is characteristic of communicable diseases. This means that certain diseases tend to occur more frequently during specific seasons. For example, influenza is more common during the winter months. This can be attributed to various factors such as changes in weather, human behavior, and the lifecycle of the disease-causing agents. Understanding the seasonal patterns of communicable diseases can help in implementing appropriate preventive measures and planning healthcare resources effectively.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Relationship between prevalence, incidence and duration of illness is:
- A.
Prevalence = incidence X duration of illness
- B.
Incidence = Prevalence X duration of illness
- C.
Duration of illness = Prevalence X incidence
- D.
Incidence = duration of illness/prevalence
Correct Answer
A. Prevalence = incidence X duration of illnessExplanation
The correct answer is "Prevalence = incidence X duration of illness". This equation suggests that the prevalence of a disease is determined by the incidence (the number of new cases) multiplied by the duration of illness. In other words, the prevalence is influenced by both how many new cases occur and how long each case lasts. This equation helps us understand the relationship between the three variables and how they contribute to the overall burden of a disease in a population.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The epidemiological trial is:
- A.
Agent , host , environment
- B.
Agent , host , disease
- C.
Agent , environment , disease
- D.
Host , disease , time
Correct Answer
A. Agent , host , environmentExplanation
The epidemiological trial involves studying the relationship between the agent (such as a pathogen or toxin), the host (such as a human or animal), and the environment (such as the physical surroundings or social factors). This triad of factors is crucial in understanding how diseases spread and affect populations. By examining the interactions between these three components, researchers can gain insights into the causes and transmission of diseases, which can inform prevention and control strategies.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Hypothesis is:
- A.
A supposition from an observation
- B.
A report of research
- C.
A synosis of research
- D.
A theory of survey
Correct Answer
A. A supposition from an observationExplanation
The correct answer is "a supposition from an observation" because a hypothesis is a tentative explanation or prediction that is based on observations and is used as a starting point for further investigation or research. It is a supposition or educated guess that is formed after observing a phenomenon or event. It is not a report or summary of research, nor is it a theory or survey.Rate this question:
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- 46.
What is primary cause of periodontal disease?:
- A.
Bacterial plaque
- B.
Vitamin deficiency
- C.
Systemic disease
- D.
Life style
Correct Answer
A. Bacterial plaqueExplanation
Bacterial plaque is the primary cause of periodontal disease. Plaque is a sticky film that forms on the teeth and contains bacteria. When plaque is not properly removed through regular brushing and flossing, the bacteria in the plaque can cause inflammation and infection in the gums, leading to periodontal disease. This disease can result in gum recession, tooth loss, and other oral health problems. Therefore, maintaining good oral hygiene and removing bacterial plaque regularly is crucial in preventing periodontal disease.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Standard deviation is also known as:
- A.
Root mean square deviation
- B.
Standard error of proportion
- C.
Normal distribution
- D.
Standard error of mean
Correct Answer
A. Root mean square deviationExplanation
Standard deviation is also known as root mean square deviation because it measures the average amount of variation or dispersion in a set of data. It calculates the square root of the mean of the squared differences between each data point and the mean of the data set. This measure is commonly used in statistics to understand the spread of data and assess the consistency or variability of a dataset.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Measured of central tendencies are:
- A.
Mean , median , mode
- B.
Mode , mean deviation and standard deviation
- C.
Mean , mode and standard deviation
- D.
Mean , mode and mean deviation
Correct Answer
A. Mean , median , modeExplanation
The correct answer is mean, median, mode. These are all measures of central tendency used to describe the average or typical value in a set of data. The mean is the sum of all values divided by the total number of values. The median is the middle value when the data is arranged in ascending or descending order. The mode is the value that appears most frequently in the data set. These measures help to summarize and understand the distribution of the data.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Total area of a normal curve is:
- A.
1
- B.
0.1
- C.
1.1
- D.
0.01
Correct Answer
A. 1Explanation
The total area under a normal curve is always equal to 1. This is because a normal distribution is a continuous probability distribution that extends from negative infinity to positive infinity. The area under the curve represents the probability of an event occurring within a certain range, and the total probability of all possible events occurring is always equal to 1.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Spread of dispersion is expressed by:
- A.
Standard deviation
- B.
Mean proportion
- C.
Radio proportion
- D.
Range proportion
Correct Answer
A. Standard deviationExplanation
Standard deviation is a statistical measure that quantifies the amount of dispersion or variability in a dataset. It calculates the average distance between each data point and the mean, providing a measure of how spread out the data is. A higher standard deviation indicates a greater spread of dispersion, while a lower standard deviation indicates less dispersion. Therefore, standard deviation is the correct answer for expressing the spread of dispersion.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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