Dental Histology Hardest Exam: Quiz!
About This Quiz
Dental Histology Hardest Exam: Quiz! challenges your understanding of salivary gland structure and oral mucosa. It assesses knowledge of various cell types and gland elements, crucial for aspiring dentists and dental researchers.
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- 2.
What kind of papilla is pictured?
-
Filliform
-
Fungiform
-
Circumvalate
-
Foliate
Correct Answer
A. CircumvalateExplanation
Section of circumvallate papilla (A). Serous glands (B) of von Ebner empty via ducts
into the base of the trench (C) surrounding the papilla, which is not raised above the surface
of the tongue. D = muscle of tongue.Rate this question:
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- 3.
This photo is of an erupting tooth, with "C" and "B" fusing to make an epithelium lined pathway for the tooth. "D" is depicting enamel space.
-
True
-
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
An erupting tooth (A) about to emerge into the oral cavity through an
epithelium-lined pathway as a result of fusion of the oral epithelium (B) and the reduced
enamel epithelium (C) D = enamel spaceRate this question:
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- 4.
True or false, this image is of keratinized epithelium of the soft palate
Correct Answer
falseExplanation
Section of the masticatory keratinized epithelium (A) of the hard palate. Note the
highly folded interface with the lamina propria (B).Rate this question:
- 5.
What kind of taste bud is pictured?
-
Filliform
-
Fungiform
-
Circumvalate
-
Foliate
Correct Answer
A. FilliformExplanation
Section showing dorsum of anterior two-thirds of tongue covered by keratinized
filiform papillae (A) with non-keratinized regions between (B)Rate this question:
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- 6.
What kind of papilla is pictured?
-
Filliform
-
Fungiform
-
Circumvalate
-
Foliate
Correct Answer
A. FoliateExplanation
Section of foliate papilla showing taste buds (arrowed). Note the adjacent
lymphoid material characteristic of the posterior part of the tongue.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What is enamel formation refferred to as?
Correct Answer
amelogenesisExplanation
Enamel formation is referred to as amelogenesis. This term specifically describes the process by which enamel, the hard outer layer of the teeth, is produced and developed. During amelogenesis, specialized cells called ameloblasts secrete enamel matrix, which is composed of various proteins and minerals. This matrix then undergoes mineralization and hardening to form the durable and protective enamel layer. Understanding amelogenesis is crucial in studying tooth development, dental health, and potential treatments for enamel-related disorders.Rate this question:
- 8.
This photo depicts lining epithelium of the oral mucosa. Is there keratin present in this photo?
Correct Answer
noExplanation
-Non keratinized epithelium , Lack of keratohylaine granules , Absence of filaggrin , less developed and dispersed tonofilaments present in lining epithelium.
-The outer layers are usually termed the intermediate (stratum intermedium) and superficial (stratum superficiale) layers.Rate this question:
- 9.
What transitionary structure is pictured?
Correct Answer
enamel knotExplanation
– Localized mass of cells in the
centre of the internal enamel
epithelium.
– Forms a bulge into the dental
papilla, at the centre of the
enamel organ.
– It might play a role in the
formation of crown pattern
by outlining the central
fissure. However, it soon
disappears and seems to
contribute cells to the enamel
cord .
– The disappearance of the
enamel knot by the bell stage
may be associated with
apoptosis.Rate this question:
- 10.
This photo is showing interdental gingiva. "B" is showing the alveolar crest
-
True
-
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Demineralized section showing the interdental gingiva (A) between two cheek teeth
in the anteroposterior plane. B = alveolar crest; C = transseptal group of gingival fibresRate this question:
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- 11.
The periodontium is made up of specialized tissues that support and surround the teeth and include the gingiva, alveolar mucosa, cementum, bone and periodontal ligament
-
True
-
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The periodontium refers to a group of tissues that provide support and protection to the teeth. These tissues include the gingiva (gums), alveolar mucosa (lining of the mouth), cementum (covering of the tooth root), bone, and periodontal ligament (connective tissue that attaches the tooth to the bone). Therefore, the statement that the periodontium is made up of these specialized tissues is true.Rate this question:
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- 12.
This photo is picturing the vermillion "red-zone" of the lip
-
True
-
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Section of red zone of lip. A = keratinized epithelium; B = lamina propria. Note the
folded interface between epithelium and lamina propria bringing blood vessels (C) close to
the surface.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What type of enamel prism structure is this?
Correct Answer
keyholeExplanation
The three prism patterns seen in human enamel. In pattern I enamel the prisms
are circular. In pattern II enamel the prisms are aligned in parallel rows. In pattern III
enamel the prisms are arranged in staggered rows such that the tail of a prism lies between
two heads in the next row, giving a keyhole appearance.Rate this question:
- 14.
The Enamel Organ consists of 4 distinct layers. Which of these layers actually forms the enamel?
-
External Enamel Epithelium
-
Stellate Reticulum
-
Internal Enamel Epithelium
-
Stratum Intermedium
-
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Internal Enamel EpitheliumExplanation
Enamel organ shows four distinct layers:
- External enamel epithelium
- Stellate reticulum
- Stratum intermedium
- Internal enamel epithelium (forms enamel
whereas the first three layers provide support
to the developing tooth)Rate this question:
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- 15.
What is the line pointing to in this image of a deciduous tooth?
Correct Answer
neonatal lineExplanation
The line in the image is pointing to the neonatal line. The neonatal line is a distinct line that forms in the enamel of deciduous teeth during the birth and early infancy period. It represents a temporary interruption in enamel formation and can be used to determine the age at which a tooth was formed.Rate this question:
- 16.
What kind of papilla is pictured?
-
Filliform
-
Fungiform
-
Circumvalate
-
Foliate
Correct Answer
A. FungiformExplanation
Section of fungiform papilla on dorsal surface of anterior part of tongue
showing taste buds (arrowed). The papilla is keratinized (H & E; Ă—120). (b) High-power view
of surface of fungiform papilla seen in (a), showing taste buds (arrows) (Ă—240).Rate this question:
-
- 17.
The submucosa layer consists of very tight connective tissue containing fat deposits and glands. Larger nerves and blood vessels also run through the submucosa.
-
True
-
False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
The submucosa layer consists of loose connective tissue containing fat deposits and glands. Larger nerves and blood vessels also run through the submucosa.Rate this question:
-
- 18.
What transitionary structure is pictured?
Correct Answer
enamel nicheExplanation
The enamel niche is seen
where the tooth germ
appears to have a double
attachment to the dental
lamina (the lateral and
medial enamel strands).
These strands enclose the
enamel niche, which
appears as a funnel-shaped
depression containing
connective tissue.
– The functional significance
of the enamel niche is
unknown.
Fig 21.21: The enamel niche (C). A = lateral
enamel strand; B = medial enamel strandRate this question:
- 19.
What is "A"?
Correct Answer
cementumExplanation
Cementum is a hard, mineralized tissue that covers the root surface of teeth. It provides support and attachment for the periodontal ligament, which connects the tooth to the surrounding bone. Cementum helps to anchor the tooth in its socket and protects the underlying dentin. It is an essential component of the periodontium and plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability and health of the teeth.Rate this question:
- 20.
The stages in tooth development consists of 1) Initiation, 2) Morphogenesis, 3) Histogenesis
-
True
-
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Initiation- the sites of the future teeth are established,
appearance of tooth germs along an invagination of the
oral epithelium called the dental lamina.
• Morphogenesis- the shape of the tooth is determined by a
combination of cell proliferation and cell movement.
• Histogenesis- differentiation of cells (begun during
morphogenesis) proceeds to give rise to the fully formed
dental tissues, both mineralized (i.e. enamel, dentine and
cementum) and unmineralized (i.e. dental pulp and
periodontium)Rate this question:
-
- 21.
What transitionary structure is pictured?
Correct Answer
enamel cordExplanation
Strand of cells seen at the
early bell stage of
development extending from
the stratum intermedium into
the stellate reticulum.
– It overlies the incisal margin
of a tooth or the apex of the
first cusp to develop (primary
cusp).
– may be involved in the
process by which the cap
stage is transformed into the
bell stage (acting as a
mechanical tie) or that it is a
focus for the origin of stellate
reticulum cells.
Fig 21.20: The enamel cord (A). B = enamel navelRate this question:
- 22.
Which of the following is not a type of oral mucosa?
-
Masticatory
-
Specalized
-
Keratinized
-
Lining
Correct Answer
A. KeratinizedExplanation
Within the oral cavity about 60% of the mucosa is lining mucosa, about 25% of the mucosa is masticatory mucosa and the
remaining 15% specialized mucosa.
Masticatory mucosa is found where there is high
compression and friction, and is characterized by a
keratinized epithelium and a thick lamina propria. Eg :
gingiva and palate
• Lining mucosa is not subject to high levels of friction but
must be mobile and distensible. It is thus non-keratinized
and has a loose lamina propria. Within the lamina
propria, the collagen fibres are arranged as a network to
allow free movement, and the elastic fibres allow recoil to
prevent the mucosa being chewed. Commonly, lining
mucosa also has a submucosa. The lips, cheeks, alveolus,
floor of the mouth, ventral surface of the tongue and soft
palate have a lining mucosa.
• Specialized mucosa : the specialized gustatory mucosa of
the dorsum of the tongue and where the vermilion zone
forms a transition between the skin and the oral mucosa.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The Transitionary Structures are which of the following
-
Enamel knot
-
Dentine root
-
Enamel cord
-
Dentine reticulate
-
Dentine niche
-
Enamel niche
-
Odontoblasts
-
Late bell stage
-
Bell stage
Correct Answer(s)
A. Enamel knot
A. Enamel cord
A. Enamel nicheExplanation
The transitionary structures mentioned in the answer are all related to the development of enamel in teeth. Enamel knot, enamel cord, and enamel niche are all structures that form during tooth development and play a role in enamel formation. These structures are involved in the differentiation and organization of the cells that produce enamel. Therefore, they are considered transitionary structures in the process of enamel development.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What is the following SEM image depicting?
-
Cross-striations
-
Enamel striae
-
Demineralized prisms
-
Perikymata grooves / ridges
-
Hunter-Schreger bands
Correct Answer
A. Hunter-Schreger bandsExplanation
)
* Up to 100μm apart towards the cusp of the toothRate this question:
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- 25.
What is "A" in the Photo
Correct Answer
Mucous cellExplanation
elongated, cuboidal shape with flat nucleusRate this question:
- 26.
What is this picture depicting represented by "A"?
Correct Answer
tertiary dentineExplanation
A variety of outside stimuli including
caries, attrition, cavity preparation,
microleakage around restorations and
trauma lead to formation of tertiary
dentine.
• It may resemble secondary dentine in
having a regular tubular structure; it
may have few and/or irregularly
arranged tubules; or it may be
relatively atubular.
• Also called irregular secondary
dentine, reparative dentine,
reactionary dentine, response dentine
and osteodentine.Rate this question:
- 27.
This image was taken during the 7th week of development. What is "A"?
Correct Answer
vestibular laminaExplanation
The vestibular lamina (A) and dental lamina (B) seen at the 7th week of intra-uterine life.
the primary epithelial band divides into two processes: a
buccally located vestibular lamina and a lingually situated dental
lamina.
• The vestibular lamina contributes to the development of the vestibule
of the mouth, delineating the lips and cheeks from the tooth-bearing
regions. Cells of the vestibular lamina proliferate, with subsequent
degeneration of the central epithelial cells to produce the sulcus of
the vestibule.Rate this question:
- 28.
What are the 4 tissues that support the tooth in the jaw?
-
Cementum
-
Periodontium
-
Enamel
-
Periodontal ligament
-
Alveolar bone
-
Dentine
-
Gingiva
-
Dentine striations
Correct Answer(s)
A. Cementum
A. Periodontal ligament
A. Alveolar bone
A. GingivaExplanation
The tooth is supported in the jaw by four tissues: cementum, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and gingiva. Cementum is a hard tissue that covers the root of the tooth, providing attachment to the periodontal ligament. The periodontal ligament is a connective tissue that connects the tooth to the alveolar bone. The alveolar bone is the bone that surrounds and supports the tooth socket. Lastly, the gingiva, also known as the gum tissue, surrounds the tooth and provides protection. These four tissues work together to support the tooth in the jaw.Rate this question:
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- 29.
When this happens to enamel, it is called?
Correct Answer(s)
gnarled enamelExplanation
When enamel becomes rough, uneven, and twisted, it is referred to as gnarled enamel. This condition can occur due to various factors such as genetics, poor oral hygiene, excessive consumption of acidic foods or drinks, or certain medical conditions. Gnarled enamel can make the teeth more susceptible to tooth decay and other dental problems. Regular dental care and proper oral hygiene practices are essential to maintain healthy enamel and prevent the development of gnarled enamel.Rate this question:
- 30.
The Late Bell stage is associated with the formation of hard dental tissues during Week 15
-
True
-
False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
week 18Rate this question:
-
- 31.
What kind of cells are the arrows pointing at?
Correct Answer
myoepithelial
myoepithelial cellsExplanation
Lie between basal lamina and basal membranes of acini cells and duct cells.
• Dendritic cells with stellate shaped body,
• Also present in intercalated ducts.
• Have parasympatheic and sympatheitc
stimulation.
• Functions include: supporting parenchyma,
increasing initial flow of saliva, contributing to
secretory pressure and reducing luminal flowRate this question:
- 32.
What is the following SEM image depicting?
-
Cross-striations
-
Enamel striae
-
Demineralized prisms
-
Perikymata grooves / ridges
-
Hunter-Schreger bands
Correct Answer
A. Perikymata grooves / ridgesExplanation
)
* Up to 100μm apart towards the cusp of the toothRate this question:
-
- 33.
What is this condition called?
Correct Answer
dentinogenesis imperfectaExplanation
teeth are malformed and dark due to absence of pulp chambers (explains translucency). Enamel is weak and flakes off as it is only weakly attached to the dentine. Enamel from first molars is lost in photoRate this question:
- 34.
What is this picture showing?
Correct Answer
enamel spindleExplanation
Narrow (up to 8 μm in diameter, and extend up to 25 μm
into the enamel
* Common beneath cusps
* Result of some odontoblast processesRate this question:
- 35.
What is the arrow pointing to in this image?
Correct Answer
enamel lamellaeExplanation
* Sheet-like, structural faults
* Hypomineralised, narrower, longer and less common than enamel tufts
* May arise developmentally due to incomplete maturation of groups of prismsRate this question:
- 36.
In this photo of a resorbing tooth, what are the arrows pointing to?
Correct Answer
odontoclastsExplanation
Buccolingual section through a resorbing deciduous tooth (A) and its erupting
successor (B). Arrows indicate multinucleated odontoclasts
Resorption of the hard tissues of the deciduous tooth
takes place by the activity of multinucleated osteoclastlike cells termed odontoclasts. The vascular, resorbing
tissue has been termed the resorbing organ of Tomes.
• Odontoclasts lie within resorption lacunae (Howship's
lacunae). Odontoclasts, like osteoclasts, differentiate
from circulating monocyte-like cells. They are
vacuolated and have long cytoplasmic processes, an
abundance of ribosomes and a large number of
mitochondria. Howship's lacunae in resorbing teeth
tend to be larger and more spherical than lacunae in
bone.Rate this question:
- 37.
This photo is of attached gingiva, what are the arrows indicating?
Correct Answer
stipplingExplanation
Section of the attached gingiva. The epithelium is a keratinized stratified squamous
epithelium. The lamina propria is dense and relatively avascular and the interface with the
epithelium is highly folded. The lamina propria is directly attached to the underlying alveolar
bone (A), forming a mucoperiosteum. Arrows indicate surface stippling.Rate this question:
- 38.
This is a developing root, what is "B"?
Correct Answer
dental papillaExplanation
The developing root. A =epithelial root sheath, B= dental papilla; C = primary
apical foramen; D = dental follicle; E = developing root dentine; F = odontoblast layerRate this question:
- 39.
What is this condition refferred to as?
Correct Answer
amelogenesis imperfectaExplanation
front teeth have normal appearance, molars have had most of the enamel stripped exposing dentine. Restorations can usually help the dentition ie. crowns.Rate this question:
- 40.
What is "A" and what is "B"? (separate answers w/ comma)
Correct Answer
acellular cementum, cellular cementumExplanation
The distribution of acellular (A) and cellular (B) cementum.
Cellular cementum has cells (cementocytes),acellular cementum does not.
– Acellular cementum covers the root adjacent to the dentine, whereas
cellular cementum is found mainly in the apical area and overlying the
acellular cementum. Being formed first, the acellular cementum is
sometimes termed primary cementum and the subsequently formed
cellular variety secondary cementum. Common in interradicular areas.
– Many of the structural differences between cellular and
acellular cementum are thought to be related to the
faster rate of matrix formation for cellular cementumRate this question:
- 41.
This photo is depicting orthokeratinized oral epithelium characterized by the presence of small and shrunken nuclei.
-
True
-
False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
In some areas such as the gingiva the nuclei may be retained, although small and shrunken. These cells are described as parakeratinized (in contrast to the more usual orthokeratinized cells without nuclei)Rate this question:
-
- 42.
This photo was taken during the 6th week of development. What is the arrow point to?
Correct Answer
primary epithelial bandExplanation
Oral epithelium thickens
and invaginates into the
mesenchyme to form a
primary epithelial band.
• The first sign of tooth
development is the
condensation of
mesenchymal tissue which
are ectomesenchymal
(neural crest) in origin,
having migrated into the
jaws from the margins of
the neural tube.Rate this question:
- 43.
What stage of morphodifferentiation is this image?
Correct Answer
cap stageExplanation
Early cap stage of tooth development (arrows). A = Meckel's cartilage; B = developing tongue
11th week
morphogenesis- the
deeper surface of the
enamel organ
invaginating to form a
cap-shaped structure.
• Poorly
histodifferentiated.
• External and internal
dental epithelium
forming.Rate this question:
- 44.
What is "B" in this photo?
Correct Answer
secondary dentineExplanation
Change in direction of tubules bw
primary and secondary dentine.
• The same odontoblasts continue to
lay down dentine and the tubules of
primary and secondary dentine are
continuous.
• Secondary dentine formation begins
at the completion of root formation
as the tooth comes into occlusion.
• Secondary dentine formation
continues throughout life leading to
smaller pulp chambers and narrower
root canals in older patients.Rate this question:
- 45.
What is this picture showing? What is represented by "B' (separate answer with a comma)
Correct Answer
oral mucosa, lamina propriaExplanation
• Lining of the oral cavity
• Epithelium with an
underlying connective
tissue (the lamina
propria).
• Third layer (the
submucosa) is found
between the lamina
propria and the
underlying bone (palate)
or muscle (cheeks and
lips).
2 LAMINA PROPRIA LAYERS =
Superficial, papillary layer between the
epithelial ridges, in which the collagen fibres are thin
and loosely arranged.
-Deep, reticular layer dominated by thick,
parallel bundles of collagen fibres.
Section showing regions of oral mucosa. A = stratified squamous epithelium; B =
lamina propria; C = submucosa; D = boneRate this question:
- 46.
What layer is this?
Correct Answer
prickle cell layerExplanation
Characterized by desmosomes between cells that look 'prickly"Rate this question:
- 47.
What is "B" in this photo?
Correct Answer
periodontal ligamentExplanation
Fig 11.21: Attachment of the periodontal ligament fibres to cementum. The fibres of the periodontal
ligament (B) are seen to run into the organic matrix of precementum (A)
In the teeth, Sharpey's fibres are
the terminal ends of principal fibres
(of the periodontal ligament) that
insert into the cementum and into
the periosteum of the alveolar
boneRate this question:
- 48.
What is being show in this picture?
Correct Answer
sclerotic dentineExplanation
Dentinal tubules fill in
due to age, external
stimuli (caries,
attrition).
• Type of dentine that
lacks structure and
appear transparent.Rate this question:
- 49.
This image is occurring during dentine mineralization, what are the arrows pointing to?
Correct Answer
interglobular dentineExplanation
Dentine mineraliztion -starts
as globules or calcospherites
which fuse to form a
uniformly calcified tissue.
– Sometimes the fusion may be
incomplete and viewed in
transmitted light, the
uncalcified, interglobular
areas appear dark.
– Dentinal tubules pass through
interglobular areas and since
these areas remain
uncalcified, peritubular
dentine is also absent from
the tubules as they pass
through interglobular
dentineRate this question:
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