Protein -- A Macromolecule

1. What elements are found in all proteins?

C, H, O, only

C, H, O and N

C, H, O, P

C, H, O, S

C, H, O (Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen) are in all Carbohydrates and Lipids.
Proteins need: C, H, O and Nitrogen (N) for all monomers of proteins.

Explanation

C, H, O (Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen) are in all Carbohydrates and Lipids.
Proteins need: C, H, O and Nitrogen (N) for all monomers of proteins.

2. What is a name for a monomer of protein?

Polypeptide

Monoscaccharide

Fatty acid

Amino acid

Amino acids are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins.
Monosaccharides are the building blocks of carbohydrates.

Explanation

Amino acids are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins.
Monosaccharides are the building blocks of carbohydrates.

3. This is a basic pattern of an amino acid. What does portion A represent?

Carboxylic acid portion

Variable portion

Amine portion

Portion A in the basic pattern of an amino acid represents the amine portion. This portion consists of an amino group (-NH2) which is attached to the central carbon atom of the amino acid. The amine portion is responsible for the basic properties of amino acids and plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and structure. It is involved in forming peptide bonds with other amino acids, contributing to the formation of proteins.

Explanation

Portion A in the basic pattern of an amino acid represents the amine portion. This portion consists of an amino group (-NH2) which is attached to the central carbon atom of the amino acid. The amine portion is responsible for the basic properties of amino acids and plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and structure. It is involved in forming peptide bonds with other amino acids, contributing to the formation of proteins.

4. In the lab, how do you test for proteins

Benedict's test

Iodine test

Paper bag/oily test

Biuret Test

Benedict's tests for simple sugars - example: glucose. Iodine tests for starches. Paper bag (looking for oily stain) is for fats.
Biuret test is for proteins. A positive test will turn the solution from blue to purple.

Explanation

Benedict's tests for simple sugars - example: glucose. Iodine tests for starches. Paper bag (looking for oily stain) is for fats.
Biuret test is for proteins. A positive test will turn the solution from blue to purple.

5. Which of the following is TRUE?

The amino acids primary shape is a 3-D structure.

Carbohydrates form polypeptide chains.

Proteins are flat structures.

The sequence of amino acids makes up the primary shape. The polypeptide chains fold into 3-dimensional shapes that make up various structures.

Explanation

The sequence of amino acids makes up the primary shape. The polypeptide chains fold into 3-dimensional shapes that make up various structures.

6. Which of the following is NOT made up primarily of proteins?

Cellulose

Enzymes

Bones and Muscles

Transport molecules (including Hemoglobin)

Proteins make up most structures in a living organism. Proteins make up enzymes, collagen, bones, transport molecules, bone and muscle. Cellulose -- which helps to give the plants structure is a polysaccharide -- a chain of glucose molecules. It is NOT a protein.

Explanation

Proteins make up most structures in a living organism. Proteins make up enzymes, collagen, bones, transport molecules, bone and muscle. Cellulose -- which helps to give the plants structure is a polysaccharide -- a chain of glucose molecules. It is NOT a protein.