Mixed Science Quiz- Matter, Natural Cycles, And Energy

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a compound made up of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. The molecular formula CO2 indicates that there are two oxygen atoms bonded to the carbon atom. Therefore, the correct answer is CO2.

Energy is the capability to do work. Work is defined as the transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied to an object and it causes the object to move in the direction of the force. Energy is required to perform work, as it is the ability to exert force and cause a displacement. Therefore, the correct answer is work.

Potential energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its position or condition. It is the energy that is stored and available to be converted into other forms of energy. When an object is at rest, it has potential energy. On the other hand, kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion. When an object is in motion, it has kinetic energy. Therefore, the correct answer is "Potential- Energy at rest, Kinetic- Energy at motion."

The formation of bubbles is a clue of a chemical reaction or change. When bubbles are formed, it indicates the release of gas, which is often a result of a chemical reaction. This can occur due to the decomposition of a compound, the reaction between two substances, or the release of gas as a byproduct. Bubbles can also be formed when a liquid is heated, causing it to vaporize and release gas. Therefore, the formation of bubbles is a clear indication of a chemical reaction or change taking place.

Nuclear energy primarily comes from uranium. Uranium is a radioactive element that undergoes nuclear fission, a process in which its atomic nucleus splits into smaller parts, releasing a tremendous amount of energy. This energy is harnessed in nuclear power plants to generate electricity. Uranium is a commonly used fuel in nuclear reactors due to its high energy density and abundance. Coal and fire are not sources of nuclear energy; they are used in other forms of energy production such as thermal power plants.

The correct answer is "energy can only be transformed, not made nor destroyed." This is based on the Law of Conservation of Energy, which states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can only change from one form to another. This principle is also known as the First Law of Thermodynamics. It means that the total amount of energy in a closed system remains constant, although it can be converted from one form to another, such as from potential energy to kinetic energy or from electrical energy to thermal energy.

The phase transition of Solid to Gas is actually called sublimation, not deposition. Deposition refers to the phase transition from gas to solid. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

Nitrogen fixing bacteria have the ability to convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia and nitrate. These bacteria have enzymes called nitrogenases that can break the strong triple bond between nitrogen atoms, allowing them to combine with hydrogen to form ammonia (NH3). Ammonia can then be further converted into nitrate (NO3-) through a process called nitrification, which is also carried out by certain bacteria. Therefore, both ammonia and nitrate can be produced by nitrogen fixing bacteria from atmospheric nitrogen.

The correct answer explains that mass refers to the quantity of matter inside an object, while volume refers to the space that the object occupies. This means that mass is a measure of the amount of matter present in an object, while volume is a measure of the space that the object takes up.

Biomass, which refers to living and recently dead biological material, can be used as fuel for energy production. It can also be utilized in industrial production processes.

The water cycle is powered by two main factors: gravity and the sun. Gravity plays a crucial role in the water cycle as it pulls water down from the atmosphere back to the Earth's surface, causing precipitation. The sun provides the energy needed for the water cycle to occur. It heats the Earth's surface, causing evaporation of water from bodies of water, plants, and soil. This evaporated water then rises into the atmosphere, where it cools and condenses to form clouds. Eventually, the condensed water droplets fall back to the Earth as precipitation, completing the water cycle.

The correct answer is 300000000 m/second. This is because all electromagnetic radiations, including visible light, radio waves, and X-rays, travel at the same speed in a vacuum, which is approximately 300000000 meters per second. This speed is often referred to as the speed of light and is a fundamental constant in physics.

The three components of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter are: matter is composed of small particles, each particle is always moving, and there is a space that separates the particles of matter. This theory explains that matter is made up of tiny particles, such as atoms or molecules, which are constantly in motion and have space between them.

Sound energy is the energy that is produced when atoms and molecules vibrate in an organized way. This vibration creates waves of pressure that travel through a medium, such as air or water, and are detected by our ears as sound. Both atoms and molecules can vibrate to produce sound energy, so the correct answer is "atoms and molecules vibrate" as well as "molecules and atoms vibrate".

Solid to liquid is called fusion. This is true because fusion refers to the process of a substance changing from a solid state to a liquid state. It involves the absorption of heat energy, causing the particles in the solid to gain enough energy to break their bonds and move more freely, resulting in a liquid form.

Carbon returns to the atmosphere through various processes. Respiration of animals releases carbon dioxide into the air as a byproduct of their metabolic activities. Decay of organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, also releases carbon back into the atmosphere. Burning fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, releases carbon dioxide into the air. Volcanic eruptions can emit large amounts of carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere. These processes contribute to the carbon cycle, where carbon is continuously exchanged between the atmosphere, plants, animals, and the Earth's surface.

The examples provided in the answer are all physical properties of matter. Color refers to the visual appearance of an object, density is the measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume, odor is the smell associated with a substance, freezing point is the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid state, and these properties can be observed or measured without changing the chemical composition of the substance.

The correct answer is Coal and Nuclear Plants. Both coal and nuclear plants are examples of non-renewable sources of energy. Coal is a fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of plants that lived and died millions of years ago. It is extracted from the earth and burned to generate electricity. However, coal is a finite resource and its combustion releases harmful pollutants into the atmosphere. Nuclear plants, on the other hand, use nuclear reactions to produce energy. They rely on uranium, a non-renewable element, as fuel. The process involves splitting uranium atoms, which releases a large amount of energy. However, uranium is also a limited resource, and the waste produced by nuclear plants is highly radioactive and requires careful disposal.