Explore key environmental and geographical challenges in the Middle East, including water resource management, impacts of agriculture, and resource distribution.
Dams are too expensive to be practical.
Dams limit the water available to countries further downstream.
Few countries have the technology needed to be able to build dams.
Countries in Southwest Asia are not allowed to build dams along shared rivers.
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Chemical fertilizers make farm animals sick.
Chemicals have led to the build-up of salt levels in the soil.
Fertilizers are too expensive for anyone in Southwest Asia to use.
Few countries in Southwest Asia have factories to make fertilizers.
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Use of chemical fertilizers means crops must be watered constantly.
Enormous amounts of water must be used to produce chemical fertilizers.
Water supplies have been contaminated by the chemicals through runoff from the fields.
Chemical fertilizers have had very little effect on local water supplies in Southwest Asia.
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Most countries do not know about these technologies.
Drip irrigation is not very effective in a hot, dry climate.
Few countries in Southwest Asia have access to seawater.
These technologies are very expensive for the countries to use.
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Water and cotton.
Phosphates and oil.
Oil and natural gas.
Sulfur and natural gas.
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25%
40%
50%
75%
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Those with oil need less water than the other countries around them.
Having oil has made very little difference in the economy in this region.
The discovery of oil has meant that no other industries have developed in the region.
Those countries with oil reserves are much richer than those countries that have not found oil in their territory.
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Iran, Iraq, Jordan, and Israel.
Iraq, Kuwait, Israel, and Lebanon.
Jordan, Israel, Syria, and Lebanon.
Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia.
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OPEC controls the oil in the world market.
This organization is a part of the United Nations.
OPEC builds dams along rivers shared by several countries.
OPEC membership includes many oil companies owned by firms in the United States.
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Deserts.
Major Rivers.
Large grasslands.
Mountain ranges.
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Oil fields.
Urban areas.
Major deserts.
Large river systems.
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