Metal Casting And Solidification Quiz.

Explanation
The Match Plate Pattern is used to produce a large number of castings. This pattern consists of two halves, a cope and a drag, which are mounted on a match plate. The cope and drag halves contain the pattern for the casting and are used to create the mold cavity. The match plate allows for quick and efficient production of multiple molds, as the cope and drag can be separated and reused after each casting. This pattern is commonly used in high-volume production processes where large quantities of castings are required.

Explanation
Providing proper shrinkage allowance is not a preventive measure for distortion in casting. Shrinkage allowance is the additional material added to compensate for the shrinkage that occurs during the solidification of the molten metal. It helps in achieving the desired dimensions and avoiding voids or porosity in the final casting. However, it does not directly address the issue of distortion, which is the warping or bending of the casting due to uneven cooling or internal stresses. Distortion can be minimized by modifying the casting design, providing distortion allowance, and ensuring sufficient machining allowance to account for any potential distortion effects.

Explanation
The Green sand molding process used in a foundry has several advantages. Firstly, it is appropriate for long production runs, meaning it can handle large quantities of products efficiently. Secondly, it is a very low-cost process, making it economical for foundries. Lastly, the sand used in this process is reusable, reducing waste and saving costs. Therefore, the correct answer is that all of the mentioned options are advantages of the Green sand molding process.

Explanation
Internal defects in castings are flaws or imperfections that are located within the material itself, beneath the surface. These defects are not readily visible from the outside and may not be easily identified without more advanced inspection techniques. Internal defects can include issues such as voids, porosity, cracks, or inclusions within the casting material.
Identifying internal defects is often challenging because they are not apparent through visual inspection alone. Specialized methods such as X-ray testing, ultrasonic testing, or other non-destructive testing techniques may be required to reveal and evaluate these internal flaws. In contrast, external defects are visible on the surface of the casting and can be identified through visual inspection.

Explanation
Castings are usually designed for equal distribution of loads in order to ensure that the weight or force is evenly distributed across the entire casting. This helps to prevent any areas of the casting from experiencing excessive stress or strain, which could lead to failure or deformation. By designing for equal distribution of loads, the casting can effectively handle the applied forces and maintain its structural integrity.

Explanation
The foundry process is indeed used to make intricate parts. Foundry refers to the process of casting metal or other materials into a desired shape by pouring the molten material into a mold and allowing it to solidify. This process allows for the creation of intricate and complex shapes that may be difficult or impossible to achieve through other manufacturing methods. Therefore, the statement "Foundry process is used to make intricate parts" is correct.

Explanation
Sand with low permeability can cause blow holes in casting. Permeability refers to the ability of a material to allow fluids or gases to pass through it. In the context of casting, low permeability means that the sand used in the mold does not allow gases to escape easily during the casting process. As a result, trapped gases can cause blow holes, which are cavities or voids in the casting surface. These blow holes can affect the appearance and quality of the casting, making it an undesirable defect.

Explanation
The correct answer is "sprue area : total area : total gate area". In casting, the gating ratio refers to the proportion of different areas involved in the casting process. The sprue area is the entry point for the molten metal, the total area includes the sprue, runner, and gate areas, and the total gate area is the area where the molten metal enters the mold cavity. Therefore, the correct order of the gating ratio is sprue area : total area : total gate area.

Explanation
Hot cracks are a type of casting defect that occur due to the presence of high tensile stresses during solidification. They are caused by inadequate strength in the casting material or insufficient feeding of the molten metal. Swell, shrinkage, and hot tears are all examples of casting defects, but hot cracks are not.

Explanation
Permeability refers to the property of a material that allows the flow or passage of fluids or gases through it. In the case of sand, it has high permeability, which means that gas and steam can easily escape through the gaps and spaces between the sand particles. This property is important in various applications, such as in oil and gas reservoirs, where permeable sandstone formations allow the flow of hydrocarbons. Therefore, permeability is the correct answer to the question.