Materials 2

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1. In sampling asphalt the following should be observed

Explanation

The correct answer is "all of the above". When sampling asphalt, it is important to use new clean containers to avoid contamination, as any impurities can affect the quality of the sample. Additionally, sealing the filled containers with clean, dry tight-fitting lids helps to maintain the integrity of the sample and prevent any external factors from affecting it. Lastly, labeling the containers clearly and properly ensures that the samples can be easily identified and tracked. Therefore, all of these observations should be followed when sampling asphalt.

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About This Quiz
Cement Quizzes & Trivia

This quiz, titled 'materials 2', assesses knowledge on bituminous materials used in civil engineering. It covers tests for asphalt content, penetration, compaction temperature, deformation resistance, and grading of... see moreasphalt cement, crucial for professionals in the field. see less

2. Dowel bars for concrete pavement

Explanation

Plain round bars are commonly used as dowel bars for concrete pavement. Dowel bars are used to transfer the load and prevent the formation of cracks in concrete pavements. Plain round bars are preferred due to their simplicity and ease of installation. They have a smooth surface, which allows for easy movement and rotation within the concrete. This helps to accommodate any expansion or contraction of the pavement without causing cracks. Deformed bars, square bars, and octagonal bars are not typically used as dowel bars for concrete pavement.

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3. In identifying project location intended for asphalt pavement, which of the following criteria is not appropriate to recommend?

Explanation

The criteria of flood-prone section is not appropriate to recommend when identifying a project location for asphalt pavement. This is because a flood-prone area is not suitable for constructing asphalt pavement as it can lead to damage and deterioration of the pavement due to water infiltration and erosion. Therefore, it is important to avoid flood-prone sections when selecting a project location for asphalt pavement.

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4. If no core was taken at the end of each days operations and the project has already been completed

Explanation

The correct answer is "a core shall be taken for every 100 linear meters". This means that for every 100 linear meters of the project, a core sample should be taken. This is a standard practice in construction projects to ensure the quality and integrity of the materials used. By taking core samples, engineers can assess the properties of the materials and make any necessary adjustments or repairs if needed.

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5. Required # of cores on compacted asphalt concrete mix taken for each full days operations.

Explanation

The correct answer is "at least one, but not more than 3 core" because it specifies the minimum and maximum number of cores required for each full day's operations. This means that a minimum of one core must be taken, but no more than three cores can be taken. This allows for sufficient sampling to ensure the quality and consistency of the compacted asphalt concrete mix, without excessive testing that may be unnecessary or time-consuming.

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6. Blue smoke rising from the mix in the truck or in the spreader hopper may indicate

Explanation

Blue smoke rising from the mix in the truck or spreader hopper may indicate an overheated batch. When asphalt mix is overheated, it can release volatile compounds that produce blue smoke. This can occur if the mix is heated at a temperature higher than recommended, causing the asphalt to break down and release fumes. Overheating can negatively impact the quality and performance of the asphalt mix, leading to potential issues with the pavement surface. Therefore, it is important to monitor and control the temperature during the asphalt production process to prevent overheating.

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7. A job-mix formula provides for close control of

Explanation

A job-mix formula is a set of specifications and proportions that determine the asphalt content, aggregate gradation, and temperature of asphalt, aggregate, and mix in a construction project. By including all of these factors in the formula, it allows for close control over the quality and performance of the asphalt mix. This ensures that the mix meets the required specifications and provides the desired durability and performance for the specific project.

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8. Concrete in the area represented by the cores will be considered if the average strength of the cores is equal to:

Explanation

The correct answer states that the concrete in the area represented by the cores will be considered if the average strength of the cores is at least 85% of the specified strength fc' and no single core is less than 75% of fc'. This means that the overall strength of the concrete should be relatively high, with the average strength being close to or exceeding 85% of the specified strength. Additionally, no individual core should have a strength less than 75% of fc', ensuring that there are no weak spots or inconsistencies in the concrete's strength.

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9. The apparatus used in determining the grade of asphalt cement is

Explanation

A penetrometer is the apparatus used in determining the grade of asphalt cement. A penetrometer is a device that measures the penetration resistance of a material, in this case, asphalt cement. By measuring the depth to which a penetrometer needle can penetrate the asphalt, the grade or consistency of the asphalt can be determined. This information is important in determining the suitability of the asphalt for various construction applications.

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10. The service performance of an asphalt pavement is greatly influence by

Explanation

The service performance of an asphalt pavement is greatly influenced by the grade and quantity of asphalt. The grade of asphalt refers to its quality and characteristics, such as viscosity and resistance to temperature changes. The quantity of asphalt used in the pavement construction also plays a crucial role in determining its performance. Both factors, grade, and quantity of asphalt, have a direct impact on the durability, strength, and ability of the pavement to withstand traffic loads and environmental conditions. Therefore, a and b are correct answers as both factors are important in determining the service performance of an asphalt pavement.

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11. In asphalt pavement construction, after spreading bituminous mix, compaction will follow where rolling shall begin at the sides and proceed longitudinally parallel toward the road centerline, each trip overlapping __ of the roller width, gradually progressing to the crown of the road

Explanation

In asphalt pavement construction, the compaction process involves rolling the bituminous mix. The rolling starts at the sides of the road and moves longitudinally parallel towards the road centerline. Each trip of the roller overlaps a certain width of the roller itself. Gradually, the compaction progresses towards the crown of the road. The correct answer of 1/2 indicates that each trip of the roller overlaps half of its width. This ensures that the entire surface is evenly compacted and achieves the desired density and strength.

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12. Which of the following bituminous material is best recommended for sealing weakened place and construction joints of the PCCP.

Explanation

Joint filler asphalt is the best recommended bituminous material for sealing weakened places and construction joints of the PCCP (Portland Cement Concrete Pavement). Joint filler asphalt is specifically designed for filling and sealing joints in concrete pavements. It provides excellent adhesion, flexibility, and durability, ensuring long-lasting protection against water infiltration, cracking, and joint deterioration. Additionally, joint filler asphalt has the ability to accommodate movement and thermal expansion/contraction of the concrete, making it an ideal choice for sealing joints in PCCP.

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13. 10kgs sample for cement represent

Explanation

The correct answer is 2000 bags. This means that a 10kg sample of cement represents 2000 bags.

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14. In Item 310, bituminous surface course, hot laid requires 70% minimum of index of retained strength (IRS). In the immersion-compression test, the dry stability is about 900 psi. Based on the data, the wet stability be at least __ psi.

Explanation

The question mentions that the bituminous surface course requires a minimum of 70% IRS. The IRS is a measure of the retained strength of the material. The dry stability is given as 900 psi. Since wet stability is expected to be lower than dry stability, the wet stability should be at least 70% of 900 psi, which is 630 psi. Therefore, the correct answer is 630 psi.

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15. In bituminous mixture, aggregates account for 92%-95% of the weight of the mixture, while asphalt ( the binder of aggregates) accounts for __

Explanation

In bituminous mixture, aggregates make up the majority of the weight, ranging from 92% to 95%. The remaining portion is occupied by asphalt, which acts as the binder for the aggregates. The correct answer, 5-8%, falls within this range and represents the proportion of asphalt in the bituminous mixture.

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16. __ test determines the amount of asphalt present in a bituminous mix

Explanation

Extraction is a process used to separate one or more components from a mixture by selectively dissolving them in a suitable solvent. In the context of determining the amount of asphalt present in a bituminous mix, extraction would involve dissolving the asphalt in a solvent and separating it from the other components of the mixture. This method allows for the quantification of the asphalt content, making it the correct answer for the given question.

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17. The rate of application of emulsified asphalt used as tack coat, should be within the range of __ liter/sq.m

Explanation

The rate of application of emulsified asphalt used as tack coat should be within the range of 0.2-0.7 liters per square meter. This range allows for enough asphalt to be applied to ensure proper bonding between the layers of asphalt, but not so much that it causes excess runoff or pooling. It is important to apply the correct amount of tack coat to ensure the longevity and durability of the asphalt pavement.

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18. Based on the minimum testing requirements for Item 309, bituminous plant mix, general, one quality test for asphaltic material requires for every __ tonnes or fraction thereof.

Explanation

According to the minimum testing requirements for Item 309, bituminous plant mix, general, one quality test for asphaltic material is required for every 40 tonnes or fraction thereof. This means that for every 40 tonnes of asphaltic material, a quality test needs to be conducted to ensure its quality and compliance with standards.

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19. Minimum required temperature when asphalt mix is placed at site

Explanation

The minimum required temperature when asphalt mix is placed at the site is 107 degrees Celsius. This temperature is necessary to ensure proper compaction and bonding of the asphalt mix. At this temperature, the asphalt mix becomes more workable and easier to spread and compact. Placing the mix at a lower temperature may result in poor compaction and reduced durability of the pavement. Conversely, placing the mix at a higher temperature may cause excessive cooling and premature hardening, leading to inadequate compaction and potential pavement failure. Therefore, 107 degrees Celsius is the correct minimum temperature for placing asphalt mix at the site.

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20. If the maximum required LL for base course is 25, what is for the subbase course?

Explanation

The maximum required LL for the subbase course is 35. This is because the subbase course is typically designed to have a higher load-bearing capacity compared to the base course. Therefore, a higher maximum required LL is needed to ensure that the subbase course can withstand heavier loads without experiencing failures or deformations.

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21. The type of asphaltic material that is usually classified by its viscosity is

Explanation

Liquid asphalt is the type of asphaltic material that is usually classified by its viscosity. Viscosity refers to the thickness or resistance to flow of a substance. Liquid asphalt has a relatively low viscosity, meaning it is less thick and flows more easily compared to other types of asphalt such as blown asphalt, rock asphalt, or lake asphalt. This classification based on viscosity helps in determining the appropriate use and application of different types of asphalt in construction and paving projects.

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22. Sample for CBR determination should be soaked for how many days?

Explanation

The sample for CBR determination should be soaked for 4 days. Soaking the sample allows it to reach its maximum swelling potential, which is important for accurately determining its California Bearing Ratio (CBR). A longer soaking period may lead to over-swelling, while a shorter period may result in an underestimation of the CBR value. Therefore, soaking the sample for 4 days ensures that it is adequately saturated and ready for testing.

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23. A compacted bituminous pavement shall have a minimum density of equal to or greater than __ %

Explanation

A compacted bituminous pavement should have a minimum density of 95% or greater. This means that the pavement should have at least 95% of the maximum possible density when it is compacted. Achieving a high density is important for the durability and longevity of the pavement, as it helps to ensure that the pavement is strong and resistant to damage from traffic and environmental factors. A higher density also helps to reduce the permeability of the pavement, preventing water from seeping into the layers below and causing damage.

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24. Mortar ratio for riprap

Explanation

The correct answer is 1:3. This ratio means that for every part of cement (1), there should be three parts of sand (3) in the mortar mixture. This ratio is commonly used for riprap, which is a layer of large stones or concrete blocks used to protect shorelines or slopes from erosion. The 1:3 ratio ensures a strong and durable mortar that can withstand the forces of water and weathering.

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25. In extraction test of compacted mix the Wt, of original sample is 850 gms. And the Wt. After extraction is 802 gms. The bitumen content percent by mass of aggregate will be __ percent.

Explanation

The bitumen content percent by mass of aggregate can be calculated by subtracting the weight after extraction (802 g) from the weight of the original sample (850 g), which gives us the weight of the bitumen (48 g). Then, we divide the weight of the bitumen by the weight of the original sample and multiply by 100 to get the percentage. Therefore, the bitumen content percent by mass of aggregate is 5.65 percent.

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26. The maximum required plasticity index for base course is 6. What is for the subbase course.

Explanation

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27. The actual cementing power in asphalt is called the __

Explanation

Bitumen is the correct answer because it is the actual cementing power in asphalt. Bitumen is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum. It acts as a binder, holding the asphalt mixture together and providing its adhesive properties. Bitumen is responsible for the strength and durability of asphalt pavement, allowing it to withstand heavy traffic and harsh weather conditions.

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28. Mortar ratio for stone masonry

Explanation

The correct answer is 1:2. In stone masonry, the mortar ratio refers to the proportion of cement to sand used in the mixture. A ratio of 1:2 means that for every part of cement, two parts of sand are used. This ratio is commonly used in stone masonry as it provides a good balance between strength and workability. It ensures that the mortar has enough cement content to bond the stones together effectively while also allowing for easy application and manipulation during construction.

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29. Another name for joint filler is

Explanation

Blown asphalt is another name for joint filler. This substance is commonly used to fill gaps and joints in construction projects. Blown asphalt is a type of asphalt cement that has been modified by a process called blowing, which increases its viscosity and makes it suitable for filling joints and gaps. It is a durable and flexible material that helps to prevent water infiltration and maintain the structural integrity of the construction.

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30. Emulsified asphalt that has a positive charge particle is usually classified

Explanation

Emulsified asphalt that has a positive charge particle is usually classified as cationic. This classification is based on the type of emulsifying agent used, which is typically a cationic surfactant. The positive charge of the emulsifying agent allows it to effectively stabilize the asphalt particles in water, resulting in a stable emulsion. Cationic emulsified asphalt is commonly used in road construction and maintenance due to its superior adhesion and durability.

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31. Civil Service law

Explanation

RA 1080 is the correct answer because it is the law that governs the civil service in the Philippines. It establishes the qualifications and standards for entrance and promotion in the civil service, as well as the rules and regulations for disciplinary actions and removal from office. RA 1080 ensures that the civil service operates in a fair and efficient manner, promoting professionalism, integrity, and meritocracy in public service. The other options, RA 554, RA 544, and RA 344, are not relevant to the civil service law and do not pertain to the regulation of the civil service.

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32. The type of asphaltic material that is being referred to by penetration grade is

Explanation

Penetration grade refers to the measure of hardness or consistency of asphalt. It is determined by the depth in tenths of a millimeter that a standard needle will penetrate vertically into an asphalt sample under specified conditions of loading, time, and temperature. Asphalt cement is the correct answer because it is the base material used in the production of asphalt concrete. It is a semi-solid form of petroleum that is heated and mixed with aggregates to create asphalt pavement. Emulsified asphalt, cutback asphalt, and mastic asphalt are different forms of asphalt that have undergone additional processing or have additives mixed in.

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33. For thickness determination of compacted asphalt concrete cores shall done,

Explanation

The correct answer is "in 4 measurement". This means that the thickness determination of compacted asphalt concrete cores should be done by taking measurements at four different points. This is likely the most accurate and reliable method to determine the thickness of the asphalt concrete cores.

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34. The softness and hardness of an asphaltic materials can be determined by ___ test

Explanation

Penetration test is used to determine the softness and hardness of asphaltic materials. It measures the depth to which a standard needle penetrates the asphalt sample under specific conditions of time, temperature, and applied force. The penetration value obtained from the test indicates the consistency and stiffness of the asphalt, with higher penetration values indicating softer materials and lower values indicating harder materials. Therefore, penetration test is the appropriate method for evaluating the softness and hardness of asphaltic materials.

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35. Minimum required flexural strength for concrete beam sample for concrete pavement

Explanation

The minimum required flexural strength for a concrete beam sample for a concrete pavement is 3.8 Mpa. This means that the concrete beam must be able to withstand a minimum bending stress of 3.8 Mpa without breaking or failing. This is an important requirement for concrete pavements as they need to be able to support heavy loads and resist cracking or breaking under traffic.

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36. Initial compaction of asphalt mis is done by

Explanation

The initial compaction of asphalt mix is done by a pneumatic tired roller not less than 10 tons. This type of roller is specifically designed for compacting asphalt surfaces. It uses a combination of weight and pneumatic tires to effectively compact the asphalt mix, ensuring proper density and smoothness. The use of a roller with a minimum weight of 10 tons is important to achieve the required compaction levels and ensure the durability and longevity of the asphalt pavement.

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37. Bituminous material used for treating an aggregate base course before an asphalt mix overlay

Explanation

A prime coat is a bituminous material that is applied to the aggregate base course before an asphalt mix overlay. It serves as a bonding agent between the base course and the asphalt mix, improving the adhesion and preventing water infiltration. The prime coat also helps to seal the surface of the base course, reducing dust and providing a smooth and uniform surface for the overlay. Therefore, the prime coat is the correct answer for the given question.

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38. The required speed of roller in compacting asphalt concrete mix

Explanation

The required speed of the roller in compacting asphalt concrete mix is 5 kph. This speed is determined based on the optimal compaction and smoothness of the asphalt surface. A speed of 5 kph allows the roller to apply the right amount of pressure and vibration to effectively compact the asphalt mix, ensuring proper density and durability of the pavement. Higher speeds may lead to inadequate compaction, while lower speeds may result in over-compaction or uneven surfaces.

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39. Materials smaller than 0.001mm

Explanation

Colloids are substances that have particles smaller than 0.001mm in size. They are larger than molecules but smaller than particles found in clay, silt, and sand. Colloids have the ability to remain suspended in a solution without settling due to their small size and the repulsion between their particles. This property makes colloids useful in various industries such as medicine, food, and cosmetics.

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40. The control of temperature during the mixing and compaction is of great significance in the __ of the resulting pavement

Explanation

Controlling the temperature during the mixing and compaction process is crucial because it directly affects the strength, skid resistance, and flexibility of the resulting pavement. Temperature control ensures that the pavement achieves the desired strength, which is essential for withstanding heavy loads and traffic. It also helps in maintaining the appropriate skid resistance, which is necessary for vehicles to have proper traction on the road surface. Additionally, temperature control plays a role in ensuring the flexibility of the pavement, allowing it to withstand thermal expansion and contraction without cracking or deteriorating. Thus, all of the mentioned factors are influenced by temperature control during the mixing and compaction process.

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41. The following are the responsibility of the materials engineer, except

Explanation

The materials engineer is responsible for various tasks related to materials testing and quality control. They are responsible for witness testing of materials, which involves observing and verifying the testing process to ensure accurate results. They also supervise sampling to ensure that proper procedures are followed and representative samples are collected. Additionally, they are responsible for preparing or checking concrete design mix to ensure that it meets the required specifications. However, checking and inspecting materials logbook is not typically a responsibility of a materials engineer. This task is usually assigned to a materials technician or a quality control inspector.

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42. Minimum cement content per cu.m for class P concrete.

Explanation

The minimum cement content per cubic meter for class P concrete is 11. This means that for every cubic meter of class P concrete, a minimum of 11 kilograms of cement should be used. This requirement ensures that the concrete has sufficient strength and durability for its intended use. Using a lower cement content could result in weaker and less durable concrete.

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43. __ test compares the compressive strength of dry and wet specimen of bituminous mix

Explanation

The correct answer is immersion-compression. Immersion-compression test is used to compare the compressive strength of dry and wet specimens of bituminous mix. This test involves immersing the specimen in water for a specific period of time and then subjecting it to compressive loading. By comparing the compressive strength of the dry and wet specimens, the effect of moisture on the stability of the bituminous mix can be determined. This test helps in evaluating the durability and performance of the bituminous mix under wet conditions.

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44. Minimum soaked CBR for aggregate base course

Explanation

The correct answer is 80%. In the context of aggregate base course, CBR (California Bearing Ratio) is a measure of the strength of the material. A higher CBR indicates a stronger material. Therefore, a minimum soaked CBR of 80% is required for the aggregate base course, meaning that the material needs to have a high strength and stability when subjected to moisture.

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45. Minimum dry compressive strength for asphalt mix

Explanation

The minimum dry compressive strength for asphalt mix is 1.4 Mpa. This means that the asphalt mix must have a compressive strength of at least 1.4 Mpa when it is dry. This requirement ensures that the asphalt mix is strong enough to withstand the weight and pressure of vehicles and other loads without experiencing significant deformation or damage. A compressive strength of 1.4 Mpa is considered to be the minimum acceptable level for asphalt mix in terms of its ability to provide a durable and long-lasting pavement surface.

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46. The thinnest and most fluid grade of medium curing cutback asphalt is: 

Explanation

MC-30 is the correct answer because it refers to the thinnest and most fluid grade of medium curing cutback asphalt. The "MC" in the answer options stands for medium curing, and the number following it indicates the viscosity of the asphalt. Since MC-30 has the lowest number, it indicates the thinnest and most fluid grade among the options provided.

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47. For 5,000 units of hollow blocks. How many samples shall be taken for strength, moisture and absorption determination.

Explanation

To determine the strength, moisture, and absorption of the hollow blocks, it is necessary to take samples. The correct answer is 6 units because taking multiple samples ensures a more accurate representation of the overall quality of the entire batch of 5,000 units. By taking 6 units as samples, a sufficient number of blocks are tested to provide reliable data on the strength, moisture, and absorption levels.

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48. The test in emulsified asphalt which determines the resisitance of the emulsion to break when mixed with mineral aggregates

Explanation

Cement mixing is the correct answer because it refers to the test in emulsified asphalt that determines the resistance of the emulsion to break when mixed with mineral aggregates. This test involves mixing the emulsion with cement and observing whether it breaks or remains stable. The result of this test helps determine the quality and effectiveness of the emulsion in binding the mineral aggregates together.

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49. An asphalt cement can be a good bituminous binder material for Item

Explanation

An asphalt cement can be a good bituminous binder material for Item 310.

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50. Require plasticity index for base course

Explanation

The plasticity index is a measure of the range of moisture content over which a soil can exhibit plastic behavior. For a base course, which is the layer of material beneath the pavement, a plasticity index of 6 is required. This indicates that the soil should have a moderate range of moisture content where it can be easily compacted and provide sufficient stability for the pavement above. A plasticity index of 6 suggests that the soil is neither too plastic nor too non-plastic, making it suitable for the base course application.

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51. Rate of application to use bituminous prime coat

Explanation

The correct answer is 1.0 to 2.0 liters per sq.m. This range of application rate is suitable for bituminous prime coat. It ensures proper coverage and penetration of the prime coat on the surface, providing a good bonding layer for the subsequent asphalt layers. Applying too little can result in inadequate coverage and bonding, while applying too much can lead to excess material and potential runoff. Therefore, the recommended range of 1.0 to 2.0 liters per sq.m is the most appropriate for achieving the desired results.

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52. Required percent air voids for asphalt mix

Explanation

The required percent air voids for an asphalt mix is typically between 3 to 5. This range allows for proper compaction and durability of the asphalt pavement. If the air voids are too low, it can lead to rutting and moisture damage. On the other hand, if the air voids are too high, it can result in a weaker pavement and reduced resistance to cracking. Therefore, the optimal range of 3 to 5 percent air voids ensures a balance between strength and flexibility in the asphalt mix.

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53. In placing concrete for slab using buggies the correct method will be

Explanation

The correct method for placing concrete for a slab using buggies is to dump the concrete into the face of previously placed concrete. This ensures a smooth and continuous flow of concrete, preventing any gaps or weak spots in the slab. Dumping the concrete away from previously placed concrete could result in uneven distribution and potential issues with the integrity of the slab. Therefore, the correct approach is to dump the concrete into the face of the previously placed concrete.

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54. Test results from specimen taken from a recently rolled asphalt pavement showed that is total asphalt content is 5.45% by weight of mix. If the asphalt absorbed by the aggregate is 0.95%, the effective asphalt content by weight of mix is

Explanation

The effective asphalt content by weight of mix can be calculated by subtracting the asphalt absorbed by the aggregate from the total asphalt content. In this case, the asphalt absorbed by the aggregate is 0.95%. Therefore, the effective asphalt content is 5.45% - 0.95% = 4.552%.

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55. What Item in the DPWH standards and specification is bituminous tack coat?

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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56. The primary quality control mechanism for the production of asphalt mixtures which will have a high degree of uniformity that will satisfy job requirements is called

Explanation

The job mix formula is the primary quality control mechanism for the production of asphalt mixtures that ensures a high degree of uniformity to meet job requirements. It is a specific formula that determines the proportions of different materials, such as aggregates and binders, to be used in the asphalt mixture. By following the job mix formula, the producer can consistently achieve the desired properties and performance of the asphalt mixture, ensuring uniformity and meeting job specifications. The marshall stability test and immersion-compression stability test are testing methods used to evaluate the performance of the asphalt mixture, but they are not the primary quality control mechanisms for achieving uniformity.

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57. The voids in the mineral aggregate (VMA) is

Explanation

The voids in the mineral aggregate (VMA) is the difference between the volume of the mix and the volume of aggregate. This means that VMA represents the space within the mix that is not occupied by the aggregate particles. It includes both the air voids and any additional voids between the aggregate particles. By calculating the VMA, engineers can determine the amount of space available for the asphalt binder to occupy, which is important for ensuring proper compaction and durability of the asphalt mix.

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58. Minimum time of initial setting of concrete mix as tested by Vicat needle.

Explanation

The minimum time of initial setting of concrete mix, as tested by the Vicat needle, is 45 minutes. This means that after the concrete mix is prepared, it takes at least 45 minutes for it to start hardening and setting. The Vicat needle test is used to determine the setting time of concrete, and in this case, the minimum time required for the initial setting is 45 minutes.

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59. Mineral filler for asphalt is passing __ sieve

Explanation

The correct answer is #200. In asphalt production, mineral filler is used to improve the performance and durability of the asphalt mixture. The mineral filler is typically a fine powder that is added to the asphalt mix to fill in the voids between the larger aggregate particles. The size of the mineral filler particles is important to ensure proper distribution and filling of the voids. A #200 sieve refers to a sieve with 200 openings per inch, indicating that the mineral filler particles should be fine enough to pass through this sieve. Therefore, #200 is the correct answer for the size of the mineral filler particles in asphalt.

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60. Give an indication of clay contents in soil

Explanation

The plasticity index is a measure of the range of moisture content over which a soil exhibits plastic behavior. It is calculated by subtracting the liquid limit from the plastic limit. A higher plasticity index indicates a higher clay content in the soil, as clays have a greater ability to retain water and exhibit plastic behavior. Therefore, the plasticity index can be used as an indication of clay contents in soil.

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61. A 5.00 cu.m of asphalt mix was loaded by truck. Upon delivery at site the temperature was 115 degrees celsius. If you are the materials engineer of your firm, what will you recommend?

Explanation

Based on the given information, the asphalt mix was delivered at a high temperature of 115 degrees Celsius. Asphalt is typically compacted at temperatures between 100-150 degrees Celsius. Therefore, it is recommended to spread the mix little by little and compact it in order to achieve the desired compaction and density. This will ensure that the asphalt pavement has adequate strength and durability.

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62. Using three concrete cylinder samples in determination of the compressive strength of concrete used in casting reinforced concrete pipe culvert will represent

Explanation

Using three concrete cylinder samples in determination of the compressive strength of concrete used in casting reinforced concrete pipe culvert will provide a more accurate and reliable measurement. By testing multiple samples, any variations or inconsistencies in the concrete mixture can be identified and accounted for, resulting in a more representative average strength value. This helps ensure that the concrete used in the pipe culvert meets the required strength specifications and will perform effectively in its intended application.

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63. In determining the "Gmb" of compacted asphalt mixtures, the result are as follows wt. of sample in air = 2050 gms. wt. of sample in water = 1170gms. wt. of sample saturated surface dry = 2052 gms.

Explanation

To determine the Gmb (Bulk Specific Gravity) of compacted asphalt mixtures, you can use the following formula:



Gmb = (Wt. of sample in air / (Wt. of sample in air - Wt. of sample in water)) * (Wt. of sample saturated surface dry / Wt. of sample in air)



Plug in the provided values:



Gmb = (2050 g / (2050 g - 1170 g)) * (2052 g / 2050 g)



Now, calculate it step by step:



1. Calculate the difference in weights: (2050 g - 1170 g) = 880 g

2. Calculate the first part of the formula: (2050 g / 880 g) = 2.3295 (rounded to four decimal places)

3. Calculate the second part of the formula: (2052 g / 2050 g) = 1.0009756 (rounded to seven decimal places)

4. Multiply the two parts together: 2.3295 * 1.0009756 = 2.3304562



Rounded to three decimal places, the Gmb (Bulk Specific Gravity) is approximately 2.330. So, the closest provided option is 2.324.

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64. Minimum size for class A stones

Explanation

The minimum size for class A stones is 300mm. This means that any stone that is smaller than 300mm would not be classified as a class A stone.

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65. In asphalt pavement, prior to acceptance, a sample of full depth, 150mm x 150mm or 100mm diameter shall be taken by a saw or core drill for __ test

Explanation

In asphalt pavement, prior to acceptance, a sample of full depth is taken for thickness determination and density test. This is done by using a saw or core drill to extract a sample measuring 150mm x 150mm or 100mm in diameter. The thickness determination test is important to ensure that the pavement meets the required specifications, while the density test is conducted to assess the compactness and quality of the asphalt. Therefore, options a and b are both correct.

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66. Item 310, bituminous surface course, hot laid provides an air voids between

Explanation

The correct answer is 3-5%. Bituminous surface course, when hot laid, provides an air voids percentage of 3-5%. This means that during the paving process, the bituminous mixture will have a certain amount of air voids within it. These air voids are important as they allow for proper compaction and drainage, ensuring that the surface course is durable and long-lasting. Having too many or too few air voids can lead to issues such as rutting, cracking, or poor skid resistance. Therefore, maintaining the correct air voids percentage is crucial for the performance of the bituminous surface course.

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67. Minimum index of retained strength IRS of compacted asphalt mix

Explanation

The minimum index of retained strength (IRS) of compacted asphalt mix refers to the minimum percentage of strength that the mix retains after compaction. In this case, the correct answer is 70%, which means that the asphalt mix should retain at least 70% of its strength after compaction. This indicates that the mix is able to maintain a significant portion of its original strength and durability, making it suitable for use in various applications.

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68. Minimum size for stone masonry

Explanation

The minimum size for stone masonry is 150mm. Stone masonry refers to the construction technique of using stones as building materials. The size of the stones used in masonry plays a crucial role in the strength and stability of the structure. Smaller stones are easier to handle and place, and they also provide a better bond between the stones. Therefore, a minimum size of 150mm is considered adequate for stone masonry to ensure a durable and stable construction.

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69. Required maximum mass tolerance for reinforcing steel bars.

Explanation

The required maximum mass tolerance for reinforcing steel bars is 6. This means that the actual mass of the steel bars should not exceed 6 units more or less than the specified mass. It is important to have a tolerance limit to ensure that the steel bars used in construction meet the required standards and specifications. A tolerance of 6 allows for slight variations in mass without compromising the structural integrity of the reinforced concrete.

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70. To determine the total thickness composing subbase, base and asphalt surfacing in certain roadway for designing, the CBR value of ____ will be used.

Explanation

To determine the total thickness composing subbase, base, and asphalt surfacing in a roadway design, the CBR value of subgrade materials is used. The CBR (California Bearing Ratio) is a measure of the strength of the subgrade soil. By knowing the CBR value of the subgrade materials, engineers can determine the appropriate thickness of the subbase, base, and asphalt layers to ensure the road's stability and durability. The CBR value helps in determining the load-bearing capacity of the subgrade and therefore plays a crucial role in road design.

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71. Require plasticity index for subbase course

Explanation

The plasticity index is a measure of the range of moisture content within which a soil changes from a plastic to a liquid state. In the context of a subbase course, a higher plasticity index indicates that the soil has a wider range of moisture content where it can become unstable and lose its load-bearing capacity. Therefore, a higher plasticity index is undesirable for a subbase course as it can lead to settlement and deformation. The answer of 12 suggests that a plasticity index of 12 is required for the subbase course, which is within the acceptable range of 4 to 9.

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72. To certify that water used in mixing concrete in the field that was found to be clean, clear, odorless and tasteless is the responsibility of

Explanation

The project engineer is responsible for certifying that water used in mixing concrete in the field is clean, clear, odorless, and tasteless. This is because the project engineer oversees the overall construction project and ensures that all materials used meet the required standards and specifications. They work closely with the materials engineer, material laboratory technician, and chief of materials and quality control division to ensure the quality of the water and other materials used in the construction process.

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73. Civil Engineering law

Explanation

RA 544 is the correct answer because it is a specific law related to Civil Engineering. The other options, RA 1080, RA 554, and RA 344, do not pertain to Civil Engineering.

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74. Required sample of asphalt mix per 130 metric ton

Explanation

The given question asks for the required sample of asphalt mix per 130 metric tons. The answer provided is 20kg. This means that for every 130 metric tons of asphalt mix, a sample of 20kg is needed.

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75. Hard blown asphalt is also called 

Explanation

Hard blown asphalt is also called oxidized asphalt because it is produced by blowing air through hot asphalt to increase its viscosity and hardness. This process oxidizes the asphalt, making it more resistant to temperature changes and aging. The resulting oxidized asphalt is commonly used in road construction and roofing applications due to its durability and ability to withstand heavy traffic and weather conditions.

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76. Sample require for asphaltic materials for 40 metric ton

Explanation

The given question is asking for the required amount of asphaltic materials for 40 metric tons. The correct answer is 5 liters. This means that only 5 liters of asphaltic materials are needed to cover the 40 metric tons.

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77. The characteristics of a butuminous mix that indicates to disintegration is called

Explanation

Durability is the characteristic of a bituminous mix that indicates its resistance to disintegration. A durable mix will be able to withstand the effects of traffic, weather, and aging without breaking down or deteriorating. This is an important quality for road surfaces as it ensures the longevity and performance of the pavement. Stability refers to the ability of the mix to resist deformation under traffic loads, flexibility refers to its ability to withstand bending without cracking, and integrity refers to its overall soundness and completeness. While these characteristics are also important, they do not specifically indicate resistance to disintegration like durability does.

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78. Require plasticity index for aggregate surface course

Explanation

The plasticity index is a measure of the range of moisture content over which a soil exhibits plastic behavior. For an aggregate surface course, it is important to have a certain level of plasticity to ensure that the material can be compacted and shaped properly during construction. A plasticity index of 4 to 9 indicates a moderate level of plasticity, which would be suitable for achieving the desired compaction and shaping of the aggregate surface course.

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79. The temperature of bituminous hot mix delivered in the project site should not be less than its __ temperature.

Explanation

The temperature of bituminous hot mix should not be less than its compaction temperature. Compaction is the process of reducing the air voids in the mix by applying pressure, which helps in achieving a dense and durable pavement. If the temperature of the mix is lower than its compaction temperature, it may not achieve the desired density, leading to poor pavement performance. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure that the mix temperature is maintained at or above its compaction temperature during construction.

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80. Fine-grained soils smaller than 0.002mm

Explanation

Clay is the correct answer because it refers to fine-grained soils smaller than 0.002mm. Clay particles are smaller than silt and sand particles, and they have a high plasticity and cohesive nature. Clay soils have a high water-holding capacity and tend to shrink and swell significantly with changes in moisture content.

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81. When loads have been arriving at the spreader with the material peaked or doomed up and a load suddenly appears in which the material lies flat, it indicates

Explanation

When loads have been arriving at the spreader with the material peaked or doomed up and a load suddenly appears in which the material lies flat, it indicates excess asphalt. This means that there is an excessive amount of asphalt in the mixture, causing the material to become flat instead of having the typical peaked or doomed shape. This can lead to issues such as poor compaction and uneven pavement surfaces.

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82. The coarse aggregate used in bituminous mix are those retained at sieve no.

Explanation

The coarse aggregate used in bituminous mix is the one that is retained at sieve no. 8. This means that the aggregate particles are larger than the openings in sieve no. 8, but smaller than the openings in sieve no. 10. The use of this specific size of coarse aggregate is important in bituminous mixes as it helps to provide stability, strength, and durability to the pavement. The larger particles help to interlock with each other, creating a strong and stable structure.

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83. The proportion of bituminous material, on the basis of total gry aggregates

Explanation

The correct answer is 5 to 8%. This means that the proportion of bituminous material, based on the total dry aggregates, should be between 5% and 8%. This range ensures that there is enough bituminous material to provide strength and durability to the mixture, while also allowing for proper compaction and workability during construction.

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84. In job-mix formula, what is the tolerance in grading of aggregates for 3/8" (9.5mm) sieve

Explanation

The tolerance in grading of aggregates for the 3/8" (9.5mm) sieve in the job-mix formula is +-7. This means that the aggregate can deviate by plus or minus 7% from the specified grading limits for this particular sieve size.

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85. When a completed asphalt pavement exhibits too much voids, it is usually caused by the following except of

Explanation

When a completed asphalt pavement exhibits too much voids, it is usually caused by factors such as rolling the mixture below the temperature requirements, too much coarse aggregates, or too little binder. However, too much fine aggregates is not a cause for excessive voids in the pavement. Fine aggregates help in filling the voids and improving the density of the mixture, so an excess of fine aggregates would not lead to excessive voids.

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86. If the dry stability of a bituminous mix is 3,950 lbs and its wet stability is 2,380 lbs., the index of retained strength (IRS) is

Explanation

To calculate the Index of Retained Strength (IRS), you can use the following formula:



IRS = (Wet Stability / Dry Stability) * 100%



Plug in the provided values:



IRS = (2,380 lbs / 3,950 lbs) * 100%



Now, calculate it:



IRS = (0.6012658) * 100%



IRS ≈ 60.13%



Rounded to two decimal places, the Index of Retained Strength (IRS) is approximately 60.13%.

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87. Job mix tolerance for bituminous material

Explanation

The correct answer is +-0.4%. The job mix tolerance for bituminous material refers to the allowable range of variation in the percentage of bituminous material used in a specific job. A tolerance of +-0.4% means that the actual percentage of bituminous material used can vary by plus or minus 0.4% from the specified target percentage. This level of tolerance ensures that there is a small margin for error and allows for slight variations in the material without significantly affecting the quality or performance of the final product.

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88. In job-mix formula, what is the tolerance in grading of aggregates for 1/2" ( 12.5mm) sieve

Explanation

The tolerance in grading of aggregates for the 1/2" (12.5mm) sieve in the job-mix formula is +-7. This means that the aggregates can vary by plus or minus 7% from the desired grading size.

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89. In job-mix formula, what is the tolerance in grading of aggregates for #4 ( 4.75mm) sieve

Explanation

The tolerance in grading of aggregates for the #4 (4.75mm) sieve in the job-mix formula is +-7. This means that the aggregate can vary by plus or minus 7% from the specified size. This tolerance allows for some variation in the size of the aggregate particles, ensuring that the mix remains within acceptable limits and meets the desired specifications.

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90. Proportion of asphaltic materials to be added to the dry soil- aggregate in Asphalt Stabilized Road Mix Base Course

Explanation

The correct answer is 4 to 7. This refers to the proportion of asphaltic materials that should be added to the dry soil-aggregate in Asphalt Stabilized Road Mix Base Course. This means that for every 4 to 7 parts of dry soil-aggregate, 1 part of asphaltic materials should be added. This ratio ensures the proper binding and stability of the road mix base course.

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91. An asphalt pavement needs sufficient ___ to avoid flushing or bleeding

Explanation

Air voids in an asphalt pavement are necessary to prevent flushing or bleeding. Flushing occurs when excess asphalt binder rises to the surface of the pavement, creating a slick and shiny appearance. Bleeding, on the other hand, happens when the asphalt binder seeps out of the pavement, leading to a sticky and tacky surface. By having sufficient air voids in the pavement, the excess binder has space to move and distribute evenly, reducing the likelihood of flushing or bleeding.

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92. In an Immersion-Compression test, molding of specimen is done into ___ layers

Explanation

In an Immersion-Compression test, the molding of the specimen is done into two layers. This means that the specimen is divided into two distinct parts or sections. This could be done for various reasons such as ensuring uniformity in the test, separating different materials or components within the specimen, or facilitating the application of compression force. By dividing the specimen into two layers, it becomes easier to analyze and evaluate its behavior under compression.

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93. In job-mix formula, what is the tolerance in grading of aggregates for #8 to #100 sieve

Explanation

The correct answer is +-4. In job-mix formula, the tolerance in grading of aggregates for #8 to #100 sieve is +-4. This means that the maximum allowable deviation in the grading of aggregates for these sieves is plus or minus 4%. Any deviation beyond this tolerance range may affect the quality and performance of the concrete mix.

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94. Resistance to deformation of bituminous mixture is measured by ___

Explanation

The resistance to deformation of bituminous mixture is measured by the flow index. The flow index is a measure of the ability of the bituminous mixture to flow under a specified load and temperature. It indicates the viscosity and stiffness of the mixture, with a higher flow index indicating a more fluid and less resistant mixture. This test is commonly used in the evaluation of bituminous materials for road construction to ensure their durability and performance under traffic loads.

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95. Minimum time of initial setting of concrete mix as tested by Gilmore test

Explanation

The correct answer is 60 minutes because the Gilmore test is used to determine the initial setting time of concrete mix. This test measures the time it takes for the concrete to reach a certain level of stiffness. The minimum time for initial setting is usually specified by industry standards, and in this case, it is determined to be 60 minutes.

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96. In Marshall Stability, molding of specimen is done into __ layer

Explanation

In Marshall Stability, the molding of the specimen is done into one layer. This means that the specimen is compacted and formed into a single layer before testing. Molding the specimen into one layer allows for consistent and accurate testing of its stability and strength. It ensures that the specimen is uniformly compacted and eliminates any variations that may occur if it were molded into multiple layers.

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97. The amount of asphalt in a typical asphalt emulsion is

Explanation

The correct answer is 60% because a typical asphalt emulsion contains a mixture of asphalt binder and water, with the asphalt binder typically making up around 60% of the total emulsion. This ratio ensures that the emulsion has the right consistency and properties for various construction and paving applications.

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98. In job-mix formula, what is the tolerance in grading of aggregates for #200 sieve

Explanation

The tolerance in grading of aggregates for the #200 sieve in job-mix formula is +-2. This means that the size of the aggregates can vary by plus or minus 2 units from the specified size for the #200 sieve. This tolerance allows for some variation in the size of the aggregates while still maintaining the desired mix proportions in the job-mix formula.

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99. Minimum required compressive strength for load bearing hollow blocks

Explanation

The minimum required compressive strength for load bearing hollow blocks is 9 Mpa. This means that the blocks must be able to withstand a compressive force of at least 9 megapascals without breaking or crumbling. This requirement ensures that the blocks are strong enough to support the load placed on them and maintain the structural integrity of the building.

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100. Require plasticity index materials passing #4 (4.75mm) for lime stabilized road mix base course

Explanation

The plasticity index is a measure of the plasticity or workability of a soil. In lime stabilized road mix base course, it is important to have materials with a certain plasticity index to ensure proper compaction and stability. The answer "4 to 10" indicates that materials with a plasticity index ranging from 4 to 10 are required for this purpose. This range allows for a certain level of workability while still maintaining the necessary stability for the road mix base course.

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Civil Service law
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Materials smaller than 0.001mm
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Give an indication of clay contents in soil
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Minimum index of retained strength IRS of compacted asphalt mix
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Required maximum mass tolerance for reinforcing steel bars.
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Require plasticity index for subbase course
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Civil Engineering law
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Hard blown asphalt is also called 
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Fine-grained soils smaller than 0.002mm
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Job mix tolerance for bituminous material
In job-mix formula, what is the tolerance in grading of aggregates for...
In job-mix formula, what is the tolerance in grading of aggregates for...
Proportion of asphaltic materials to be added to the dry soil-...
An asphalt pavement needs sufficient ___ to avoid flushing or bleeding
In an Immersion-Compression test, molding of specimen is done into ___...
In job-mix formula, what is the tolerance in grading of aggregates for...
Resistance to deformation of bituminous mixture is measured by ___
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