Massage Therapy Anatomy And Technique - Leg And Foot
This is a quiz for massage therapists in training. However, anyone can benefit from this including med students, nurses, personal trainers, fitness enthusiasts or anybody else interested in learning about human anatomy. This particular quiz is on the anatomical leg and foot, with an emphasis on origin, insertion, and action of various muscles and muscle groups. Note that for short answer questions you must type in the complete name for anatomical structures - abbreviations will be marked wrong!
- 1.
How many bones are in the foot?
Explanation
The foot consists of 26 bones. This includes the tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges. The tarsals are a group of 7 bones that make up the ankle and back part of the foot. The metatarsals are 5 long bones that connect the tarsals to the phalanges. Finally, the phalanges are the toe bones, with each foot having a total of 14 phalanges. Therefore, the total number of bones in the foot is 26.Rate this question:
- 2.
Name the bone that is commonly referred to as the 'heel':
Explanation
The bone commonly referred to as the 'heel' is the calcaneus. The calcaneus is the largest bone in the foot and is located at the back of the foot, forming the heel. It plays a crucial role in weight-bearing and provides stability and support to the foot. The calcaneus also serves as an attachment point for various muscles and tendons, including the Achilles tendon.Rate this question:
- 3.
Name all of the tarsals in the mid foot:
- A.
Cuboid, navicular, lateral cuneiform, middle cuneiform, medial cuneiform.
- B.
Cuboid, navicular, cuneiform, middle cuneiform, medial cuneiform.
- C.
Cuboid, triquetrum, lunate, scaphoid, medial cuneiform, lateral cuneiform.
- D.
Pisiform, triquetrum, lunate, scaphoid, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate.
- E.
Pisiform, cuboid, navicular, scaphoid, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate.
Correct Answer
A. Cuboid, navicular, lateral cuneiform, middle cuneiform, medial cuneiform.Explanation
The correct answer includes the tarsals in the mid foot, which are the cuboid, navicular, lateral cuneiform, middle cuneiform, and medial cuneiform. These are the specific bones that make up the mid foot region.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What is the bone that sits on top of the calcaneus?
Correct Answer
talusExplanation
The bone that sits on top of the calcaneus is called the talus. The talus is a large bone in the foot that connects the leg to the foot and forms part of the ankle joint. It sits on top of the calcaneus, which is the largest bone in the foot and forms the heel. The talus plays a crucial role in allowing movement and stability in the ankle joint.Rate this question:
- 5.
What is the anatomical name for the big toe?
Correct Answer
hallucisExplanation
The anatomical name for the big toe is hallucis.Rate this question:
- 6.
What muscles lie in the anterior compartment of the leg?
- A.
Tibialis anterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, peroneus longus, peroneus brevis.
- B.
Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius.
- C.
Gastrocnemius, soleus, peroneus anterior.
- D.
Tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus.
- E.
Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus.
Correct Answer
B. Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius.Explanation
The correct answer is Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius. These muscles are located in the anterior compartment of the leg. The tibialis anterior is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot. The extensor hallucis longus extends the big toe, while the extensor digitorum longus extends the other toes. The peroneus tertius assists in dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What muscles lie in the lateral compartment of the leg?
- A.
Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, peroneus tertius.
- B.
Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, extensor hallucis longus.
- C.
Peroneus longus.
- D.
Peroneus lateralis, tibialis lateralis.
- E.
Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis.
Correct Answer
E. Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis.Explanation
The correct answer is Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis. These muscles are located in the lateral compartment of the leg. The peroneus longus muscle runs along the outer side of the leg, from the upper part of the fibula to the first metatarsal bone of the foot. The peroneus brevis muscle is located just below the peroneus longus, and it also runs along the outer side of the leg, attaching to the fifth metatarsal bone of the foot. Together, these muscles help with ankle eversion and foot plantarflexion.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The muscles of the lateral compartment provide what movement(s) of the ankle?
- A.
Eversion.
- B.
Dorsiflexion.
- C.
Plantarflexion.
- D.
Inversion.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Eversion.
C. Plantarflexion.Explanation
The muscles of the lateral compartment of the ankle are responsible for eversion and plantarflexion movements. Eversion refers to the movement of the foot away from the midline of the body, while plantarflexion refers to the movement of pointing the toes downward. These movements are controlled by the muscles in the lateral compartment, which include the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis muscles.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The muscles of the posterior compartment provide what movement(s) of the ankle?
- A.
Dorsiflexion.
- B.
Inversion.
- C.
Eversion.
- D.
Plantarflexion.
Correct Answer
D. Plantarflexion.Explanation
The muscles of the posterior compartment of the ankle are responsible for plantarflexion, which is the movement of pointing the foot downwards, as in standing on tiptoes. Dorsiflexion refers to pulling the foot upwards, inversion is the movement of turning the sole of the foot inward, and eversion is the movement of turning the sole of the foot outward. However, the question specifically asks for the movement(s) provided by the muscles of the posterior compartment, which is plantarflexion.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The muscles of the deep posterior compartment provide what movement(s) of the ankle?
- A.
Dorsiflexion.
- B.
Inversion.
- C.
Eversion.
- D.
Plantarflexion.
Correct Answer(s)
B. Inversion.
D. Plantarflexion.Explanation
The muscles of the deep posterior compartment of the ankle provide the movement of inversion, which is the movement of turning the sole of the foot inward. Additionally, these muscles also provide plantarflexion, which is the movement of pointing the toes downward.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Name all the muscles responsible for plantar flexion of the foot:
- A.
Gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus (assists), peroneus brevis (assists), extensor digitorum longus (weak), extensor hallucis longus (weak), plantaris (weak).
- B.
Gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis longus, peroneus longus (assists), peroneus brevis (assists), flexor digitorum longus (weak), flexor hallucis longus (weak), plantaris (weak).
- C.
Gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis longus.
- D.
Gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior.
- E.
Gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus (assists), peroneus brevis (assists), flexor digitorum longus (weak), flexor hallucis longus (weak), plantaris (weak).
Correct Answer
E. Gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus (assists), peroneus brevis (assists), flexor digitorum longus (weak), flexor hallucis longus (weak), plantaris (weak).Explanation
The correct answer is Gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus (assists), peroneus brevis (assists), flexor digitorum longus (weak), flexor hallucis longus (weak), plantaris (weak). These muscles are responsible for plantar flexion of the foot, which is the movement of pointing the toes downwards. The gastrocnemius and soleus muscles are the main plantar flexors, while the tibialis posterior, peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and plantaris muscles assist in this movement. The extensor muscles mentioned in the other options are responsible for dorsiflexion, the movement of pulling the toes upwards.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Name all the muscles responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot:
- A.
Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus.
- B.
Tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis longus.
- C.
Tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus.
- D.
Gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus (assists), peroneus brevis (assists), flexor digitorum longus (weak), flexor hallucis longus (weak), plantaris (weak).
- E.
Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, extensor digitorum longus.
Correct Answer
A. Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus.Explanation
The correct answer is Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus. These muscles are responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot, which is the movement of pulling the toes upward towards the shin. The tibialis anterior muscle is located in the front of the leg and is the primary muscle responsible for dorsiflexion. The extensor digitorum longus muscle extends the toes and assists in dorsiflexion, while the extensor hallucis longus muscle extends the big toe and also assists in dorsiflexion.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Name all the muscles responsible for eversion of the foot:
- A.
Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus.
- B.
Tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis longus.
- C.
Tibialis anterior, flexor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis longus.
- D.
Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, extensor digitorum longus.
- E.
Tibialis anterior.
Correct Answer
D. Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, extensor digitorum longus.Explanation
The correct answer is Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, extensor digitorum longus. These muscles are responsible for eversion of the foot, which is the movement of turning the sole of the foot outward. The Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, and extensor hallucis longus are responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot, not eversion. The Tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis longus are involved in various other movements of the foot, but not eversion.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Name all the muscles responsible for extension of the second through fifth toes:
- A.
Extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis (2nd-4th toes).
- B.
Extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis (2nd-4th toes), lumbricals.
- C.
Extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis (2nd-4th toes), lumbricals, quadratus plantae (assists).
- D.
Extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis (2nd-4th toes), lumbricals, quadratus plantae (assists), abductor digiti minimi (5th toe).
- E.
Extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis (2nd-4th toes), dorsal interossei (2nd-4th toes).
Correct Answer
B. Extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis (2nd-4th toes), lumbricals.Explanation
The correct answer is Extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis (2nd-4th toes), lumbricals. The extensor digitorum longus and extensor digitorum brevis muscles are responsible for extending the second through fourth toes. The lumbrical muscles also assist in the extension of these toes.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Give the action(s) of gastrocnemius:
- A.
Flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).
- B.
Plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).
- C.
Dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).
- D.
Eversion of the foot.
- E.
Inversion of the foot.
Correct Answer
A. Flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).Explanation
The correct answer is flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint) and plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint). The gastrocnemius is a two-headed muscle located in the calf region of the leg. It crosses both the knee and ankle joints, allowing it to perform these actions. When the gastrocnemius contracts, it causes flexion of the knee joint, bringing the lower leg closer to the thigh. Additionally, it causes plantar flexion of the ankle joint, pointing the foot downwards. These actions are important for activities such as walking, running, and jumping.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Give the complete origin of gastrocnemius:
- A.
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.
- B.
Soleal line, posterior surface of tibia and proximal, posterior surface of fibula.
- C.
Condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces.
- D.
Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon.
- E.
Lateral condyle of the femur.
Correct Answer
C. Condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces.Explanation
The gastrocnemius muscle originates from the condyles of the femur, specifically the posterior surfaces.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Give the insertion of gastrocnemius:
- A.
Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia.
- B.
Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform.
- C.
Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal.
- D.
Distal phalange of first toe.
- E.
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.
Correct Answer
E. Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.Explanation
The correct answer is "Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon." The gastrocnemius muscle inserts into the calcaneus bone through the calcaneal tendon. This tendon is also known as the Achilles tendon and is located at the back of the ankle. When the gastrocnemius muscle contracts, it pulls on the calcaneal tendon, causing plantarflexion of the foot and extension of the ankle joint. This insertion point allows for the powerful movement of the foot during activities such as walking, running, and jumping.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Give the action of soleus:
- A.
Plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).
- B.
Flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint).
- C.
Dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).
- D.
Eversion of the foot.
- E.
Inversion of the foot.
Correct Answer
A. Plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).Explanation
The soleus muscle is responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle joint, which means it helps to point the foot downwards. This action is important for activities such as walking, running, and standing on tiptoes. The other options listed, such as flexion of the knee, dorsiflexion of the ankle, eversion of the foot, and inversion of the foot, are not actions primarily performed by the soleus muscle.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Give the insertion of soleus:
- A.
Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia.
- B.
Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform.
- C.
Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal.
- D.
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.
- E.
Distal phalange of first toe.
Correct Answer
D. Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.Explanation
The correct answer is "Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon". The insertion of the soleus muscle is on the calcaneus bone through the calcaneal tendon. The soleus muscle is located in the posterior aspect of the leg and plays a role in plantar flexion of the foot. Its insertion on the calcaneus bone allows it to exert force and contribute to movements such as walking, running, and jumping.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Give the action of plantaris:
- A.
Plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint).
- B.
Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), weak inversion of the foot.
- C.
Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint).
- D.
Weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint), weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), weak inversion of the foot.
- E.
Plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).
Correct Answer
C. Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint).Explanation
The correct answer is "Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint)." This is because the plantaris muscle assists in plantar flexion of the ankle, which is the movement of pointing the foot downwards. Additionally, it weakly assists in flexion of the knee, which is the movement of bending the knee joint.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Give the origin of plantaris:
- A.
Lateral condyle of the femur.
- B.
Condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces.
- C.
Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon.
- D.
Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia.
- E.
Posterior surface of fibula.
Correct Answer
A. Lateral condyle of the femur.Explanation
The plantaris muscle originates from the lateral condyle of the femur.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Give the insertion of plantaris:
- A.
Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform.
- B.
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.
- C.
Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal.
- D.
Distal phalange of first toe.
- E.
Distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.
Correct Answer
B. Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.Explanation
The plantaris muscle inserts into the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon. This means that the muscle attaches to the heel bone through a strong tendon. The other options listed, such as the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform, tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal, and distal phalanges of the toes, are not correct insertions for the plantaris muscle.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Give the action of popliteus:
- A.
Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), weak flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint).
- B.
Weak inversion of the foot.
- C.
Medial rotatation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint).
- D.
Eversion of the foot.
- E.
Inversion of the foot.
Correct Answer
C. Medial rotatation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint).Explanation
The action of popliteus is to medially rotate the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint) and to flex the knee (tibiofemoral joint). This muscle helps to unlock the knee joint from full extension and initiates the bending of the knee. It also plays a role in stabilizing the knee during weight-bearing activities.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Give the origin of popliteus:
- A.
Medial epicondyle of the femur.
- B.
Lateral condyle of the femur.
- C.
Condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces.
- D.
Lateral epicondyle of the femur.
- E.
Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia.
Correct Answer
D. Lateral epicondyle of the femur.Explanation
The popliteus muscle originates from the lateral epicondyle of the femur.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Give the insertion of popliteus:
- A.
Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform.
- B.
Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal.
- C.
Distal phalange of first toe.
- D.
Distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.
- E.
Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia.
Correct Answer
E. Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia.Explanation
The correct answer is "Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia." The popliteus muscle originates from the proximal, posterior aspect of the tibia. It is a small muscle located deep in the back of the knee joint. Its main function is to help unlock the knee joint by internally rotating the tibia, allowing for flexion and extension of the knee.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Give the origin of peroneus longus:
- A.
Condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces.
- B.
Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon.
- C.
Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia.
- D.
Proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula.
- E.
Tibial tuberosity.
Correct Answer
D. Proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula.Explanation
The correct answer is "Proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula." The peroneus longus muscle originates from the proximal two-thirds of the lateral fibula. This means that the muscle begins its attachment on the outer side of the fibula bone, specifically in the upper two-thirds of its length. This origin allows the peroneus longus muscle to play a role in ankle stabilization and eversion of the foot.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Give the insertion of peroneus longus:
- A.
Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform.
- B.
Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal.
- C.
Distal phalange of first toe.
- D.
Distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.
- E.
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.
Correct Answer
A. Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform.Explanation
The peroneus longus inserts at the base of the first metatarsal and the medial cuneiform.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Give the action of peroneus brevis:
- A.
Inversion of the foot, assists to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint).
- B.
Weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), weak eversion of the foot.
- C.
Eversion of the foot, assists to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint).
- D.
Eversion of the foot, strong plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).
- E.
Dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), assists to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint).
Correct Answer
C. Eversion of the foot, assists to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint).Explanation
The peroneus brevis is a muscle located on the outside of the lower leg. It is responsible for eversion of the foot, which means it helps to turn the foot outward. Additionally, it also assists in plantar flexion of the ankle, which means it helps to point the foot downward. Therefore, the correct answer is "Eversion of the foot, assists to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint)."Rate this question:
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- 29.
Give the origin of peroneus brevis:
- A.
Proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula.
- B.
Condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces.
- C.
Lateral condyle of the femur.
- D.
Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula.
- E.
Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia.
Correct Answer
D. Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula.Explanation
The peroneus brevis muscle originates from the distal two-thirds of the lateral fibula. This means that it begins at the lower two-thirds of the bone located on the outer side of the leg.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Give the insertion of peroneus brevis:
- A.
Tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal.
- B.
Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform.
- C.
Distal phalange of first toe.
- D.
Distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.
- E.
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.
Correct Answer
A. Tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal.Explanation
The peroneus brevis muscle inserts into the tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Give the action of tibialis anterior:
- A.
Extension of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), eversion of the foot.
- B.
Extension of the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot.
- C.
Eversion of the foot, assists to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint).
- D.
Medial rotatation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint).
- E.
Inversion of the foot, dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).
Correct Answer
E. Inversion of the foot, dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).Explanation
The tibialis anterior is responsible for inversion of the foot, which means it moves the sole of the foot inward. It also dorsiflexes the ankle, which means it lifts the foot upward. Therefore, the correct answer is "Inversion of the foot, dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint)."Rate this question:
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- 32.
Give the origin of tibialis anterior:
- A.
Proximal anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane.
- B.
Middle anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane.
- C.
Proximal lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane.
- D.
Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon.
- E.
Tibial tuberosity.
Correct Answer
C. Proximal lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane. -
- 33.
Give the insertion of tibialis anterior:
- A.
Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.
- B.
Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal.
- C.
Distal phalange of first toe.
- D.
Distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.
- E.
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon.
Correct Answer
B. Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal.Explanation
The insertion of tibialis anterior is the medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal. This means that the tibialis anterior muscle attaches to these specific bones in the foot. The tibialis anterior is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot, and its insertion at the medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal allows it to control these movements effectively.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Give the action of extensor digitorum longus:
- A.
Extension of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), eversion of the foot.
- B.
Inversion of the foot, dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).
- C.
Extension of the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot.
- D.
Eversion of the foot, assists to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint).
- E.
Medial rotatation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint), flexion of the knee (tibiofemoral joint).
Correct Answer
A. Extension of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), eversion of the foot.Explanation
The action of extensor digitorum longus is the extension of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), and eversion of the foot.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Give the insertion of extensor digitorum longus:
- A.
Navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of second through fourth metatarsals.
- B.
Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.
- C.
Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal.
- D.
Distal phalange of first toe.
- E.
Proximal lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane.
Correct Answer
B. Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.Explanation
The correct answer is "Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes." This is the correct insertion of the extensor digitorum longus muscle. The extensor digitorum longus originates from the proximal lateral surface of the tibia and interosseous membrane, and it inserts into the middle and distal phalanges of the second through fifth toes. It is responsible for extending these toes at the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Give the action of extensor hallucis longus:
- A.
Extension of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), eversion of the foot.
- B.
Extension of the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot.
- C.
Eversion of the foot, assists to plantar flex the ankle (talocrural joint).
- D.
Extension of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), eversion of the foot.
- E.
Medial rotatation of the flexed knee (tibiofemoral joint), extension of the knee (tibiofemoral joint).
Correct Answer
B. Extension of the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot.Explanation
The correct answer is extension of the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), dorsiflexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot. This means that the action of the extensor hallucis longus muscle is to extend the first toe, lift the foot upwards (dorsiflexion) at the ankle joint, and turn the foot inward (inversion).Rate this question:
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- 37.
Give the origin of extensor hallucis longus:
- A.
Proximal posterior shaft of tibia, proximal fibula and interosseous membrane.
- B.
Middle posterior surface of tibia.
- C.
Proximal anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane.
- D.
Middle anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane.
- E.
Proximal lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane.
Correct Answer
D. Middle anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane.Explanation
The correct answer is "Middle anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane." This is the origin of the extensor hallucis longus muscle.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Give the insertion of extensor hallucis longus:
- A.
Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.
- B.
Navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of second through fourth metatarsals.
- C.
Distal phalange of first toe.
- D.
Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal.
- E.
Medial cuneiform and base of the second metatarsal.
Correct Answer
C. Distal phalange of first toe.Explanation
The correct answer is the distal phalange of the first toe. This is because the extensor hallucis longus muscle is responsible for extending the big toe, and it inserts onto the distal phalanx of the first toe.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Give the origin of tibialis posterior:
- A.
Proximal posterior shaft of tibia, proximal fibula and interosseous membrane.
- B.
Middle posterior surface of tibia.
- C.
Middle half of posterior fibula.
- D.
Proximal posterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane.
- E.
Interosseous membrane.
Correct Answer
A. Proximal posterior shaft of tibia, proximal fibula and interosseous membrane.Explanation
The origin of tibialis posterior is from the proximal posterior shaft of the tibia, proximal fibula, and interosseous membrane.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Give the insertion of tibialis posterior:
- A.
Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.
- B.
Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal.
- C.
Navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of second through fourth metatarsals.
- D.
Proximal posterior shaft of tibia, proximal fibula and interosseous membrane.
- E.
Middle phalanges of second through fifth toes.
Correct Answer
C. Navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of second through fourth metatarsals.Explanation
The insertion of tibialis posterior is on the navicular bone, cuneiform bones, cuboid bone, and the bases of the second through fourth metatarsal bones. This means that the tendon of the tibialis posterior muscle attaches to these specific structures, allowing it to have an effect on their movement and function.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Give the action of flexor digitorum longus:
- A.
Inversion of the foot, plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).
- B.
Flexion of the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot.
- C.
Flexion of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), eversion of the foot.
- D.
Flexion of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot.
- E.
Flexion of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints).
Correct Answer
D. Flexion of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot.Explanation
The correct answer is flexion of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot. This is because the flexor digitorum longus muscle is responsible for flexing the toes and assisting in plantar flexion of the ankle. It also helps in inversion of the foot.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Give the origin of flexor digitorum longus:
- A.
Proximal posterior shaft of tibia, proximal fibula and interosseous membrane.
- B.
Middle half of posterior fibula.
- C.
Middle posterior surface of tibia.
- D.
Proximal posterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane.
- E.
Interosseous membrane.
Correct Answer
C. Middle posterior surface of tibia.Explanation
The correct answer is "Middle posterior surface of tibia." The flexor digitorum longus originates from the middle posterior surface of the tibia.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Give the action of flexor hallucis longus:
- A.
Inversion of the foot, plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint).
- B.
Flexion of the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak dorsal flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot.
- C.
Flexion of the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot.
- D.
Flexion of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), eversion of the foot.
- E.
Flexion of the second through fifth toes (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints).
Correct Answer
C. Flexion of the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot.Explanation
The correct answer is "Flexion of the first toe (metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints), weak plantar flexion of the ankle (talocrural joint), inversion of the foot." This is because the flexor hallucis longus is responsible for flexing the first toe, which means bending it downwards. It also contributes to weak plantar flexion of the ankle, which is pointing the foot downwards, and inversion of the foot, which is turning the sole of the foot inward.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Give the insertion of flexor hallucis longus:
- A.
Distal phalange of first toe.
- B.
Distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.
- C.
Navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of second through fourth metatarsals.
- D.
Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth toes.
- E.
Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal.
Correct Answer
A. Distal phalange of first toe.Explanation
The insertion of the flexor hallucis longus is the distal phalanx of the first toe. This means that the muscle attaches to the bone at the end of the big toe.Rate this question:
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Mar 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Sep 15, 2008Quiz Created by
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