Lower GI - Topic Examination

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| By Iptmajorproject2

Iptmajorproject2

Community Contributor

Quizzes Created: 3 | Total Attempts: 1,375

Questions: 10 | Attempts: 85 | Updated: Nov 1, 2023

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Questions and Answers

1.

The main function of the lower GI is to:
- A.
  
  Remove solid wastes from your body
- B.
  
  Digest nutrients
- C.
  
  Extracts salts and water from your stool
- D.
  
  Do nothing
Correct Answer
A. Remove solid wastes from your body

Explanation
The lower GI, also known as the large intestine or colon, is responsible for removing solid wastes from the body. It absorbs water and electrolytes from the stool, forming it into solid waste and facilitating its elimination through the rectum and anus. This process is essential for maintaining proper bowel function and eliminating waste products from the body.

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2.

What is the correct spelling of the middle section of your small intestines?
- A.
  
  Dujenum
- B.
  
  Jejunum
- C.
  
  Dudenum
- D.
  
  Jedunum
Correct Answer
B. Jejunum

Explanation
The correct spelling of the middle section of the small intestines is Jejunum. The other options provided (Dujenum, Dudenum, Jedunum) are incorrect spellings and do not correspond to any anatomical term.

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3.

The caecum is located closest to which other structure?
- A.
  
  Ileum
- B.
  
  Ascending Colon
- C.
  
  Appendix
- D.
  
  Rectum
Correct Answer
C. Appendix

Explanation
The caecum is located closest to the appendix. The appendix is a small, finger-like pouch attached to the caecum, which is the first part of the large intestine. The appendix is located in the lower right abdomen, near the junction of the small and large intestines. It is considered a vestigial organ with no known essential function in humans.

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4.

Which part of the colon has an arterial supply to the left of the abdominal cavity?
- A.
  
  Ascending colon
- B.
  
  Transverse colon
- C.
  
  Descending colon
- D.
  
  Sigmoid colon
Correct Answer
C. Descending colon

Explanation
The descending colon is the part of the colon that extends downward on the left side of the abdominal cavity. It receives its arterial blood supply from branches of the left colic artery, which is a branch of the inferior mesenteric artery. This artery provides oxygenated blood to the descending colon, allowing it to function properly.

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5.

How long is the rectum (in millimetres)?
- A.
  
  1.2
- B.
  
  12
- C.
  
  120
- D.
  
  1200
Correct Answer
C. 120

Explanation
The rectum is a part of the digestive system located between the sigmoid colon and the anus. It is responsible for storing feces before elimination. The length of the rectum varies among individuals, but on average, it measures around 120 millimeters.

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6.

Which of the following food types does the small intestine break down?
- A.
  
  Fats
- B.
  
  Lipids
- C.
  
  Carbohydrates
- D.
  
  Proteins
Correct Answer(s)
A. Fats
B. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Proteins

Explanation
The small intestine is responsible for breaking down fats, lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins. It does so through the secretion of various enzymes such as lipase, amylase, and protease. These enzymes help to break down these food types into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body for energy and other functions.

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7.

Fill in the blanks. As the walls of the rectum begin to expand, the _________ signal the need to defacate. If defacation is delayed for a long period of time, then the stools harden and constipation may occur.

Correct Answer(s)
Nerves
Nerve Cells

Explanation
The walls of the rectum have nerves and nerve cells that send signals to the brain indicating the need to defecate. These signals prompt the individual to have a bowel movement. If defecation is delayed for a long time, the stools can become hard and cause constipation.

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4
8.

Fill in the blanks. The anus is the final section of the rectum. Its function is to expel the ________ from the rectum.

Correct Answer(s)
Faeces
Stool
Stools
Poop
Poo
Waste
Wastes

Explanation
The anus is the final section of the rectum. Its function is to expel the waste material, which can be referred to as faeces, stool, stools, poop, poo, waste, or wastes.

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4
9.

True or False? Diffusion is where all of the nutrients are absorbed.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Diffusion is a process where molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. It does not specifically refer to the absorption of nutrients. Nutrient absorption occurs through various mechanisms such as active transport and facilitated diffusion, which are different from simple diffusion. Therefore, the statement that diffusion is where all of the nutrients are absorbed is false.

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10.

Describe the anatomical location of the transverse colon, and describe its function.

Lower GI - Topic Examination

The main function of the lower GI is to:

What is the correct spelling of the middle section of your small intestines?

The caecum is located closest to which other structure?

Which part of the colon has an arterial supply to the left of the abdominal cavity?

How long is the rectum (in millimetres)?

Which of the following food types does the small intestine break down?

Fill in the blanks. As the walls of the rectum begin to expand, the _________ signal the need to defacate. If defacation is delayed for a long period of time, then the stools harden and constipation may occur.

Fill in the blanks. The anus is the final section of the rectum. Its function is to expel the ________ from the rectum.

True or False? Diffusion is where all of the nutrients are absorbed.

Describe the anatomical location of the transverse colon, and describe its function.