Living Systems Test - 5th Grade (Mrs. Nicholas 2017)

The correct answer is bladder. The bladder is an empty, muscular organ that stores urine. It is located in the pelvis and expands as it fills with urine. When it is full, the bladder sends signals to the brain, indicating the need to urinate. The bladder then contracts to expel the urine through the urethra.

The circulatory system is responsible for the transportation of blood throughout the body. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products to and from various tissues and organs. It also helps regulate body temperature and pH levels. Without the circulatory system and the circulation of blood, the body's cells would not receive the necessary oxygen and nutrients, leading to organ failure and death.

The heart is the main organ in the circulatory system because it is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body's tissues and organs, delivering oxygen and nutrients while removing waste products. The heart's continuous contractions ensure that blood flows in a coordinated and efficient manner, allowing for the proper functioning of the circulatory system.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and is essential for the plant's survival. During photosynthesis, plants absorb sunlight through their leaves and use this energy to produce glucose, which serves as a source of food for the plant. Oxygen is also released as a byproduct of this process. Therefore, photosynthesis is the correct answer as it accurately describes the process by which leaves use light to make food for the plant.

All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. They are responsible for carrying out all the necessary processes and functions within an organism. Cells contain genetic material (DNA) and are enclosed by a cell membrane, which separates the internal contents from the external environment. Whether it is a single-celled organism or a complex multicellular organism, cells are the building blocks of life.

The human body is composed of approximately 60% water. This is because water is essential for various bodily functions such as regulating body temperature, transporting nutrients and oxygen, lubricating joints, and removing waste products. It is crucial to maintain proper hydration levels to support overall health and well-being.

The excretory system is responsible for removing waste from the body. It includes organs such as the kidneys, bladder, and urethra, which filter and eliminate waste products from the bloodstream through urine. This system also helps regulate the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body.

Both plant and animal cells have a nucleus. The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA and controls the cell's activities. It is present in both plant and animal cells and plays a crucial role in maintaining the cell's structure and function. Therefore, the statement is true.

The diaphragm is a large muscle that plays a crucial role in the process of breathing. It is located between the chest cavity and the abdominal cavity. When we inhale, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, creating more space in the chest cavity. This allows the lungs to expand and fill with air. When we exhale, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, pushing the air out of the lungs. Thus, the diaphragm is responsible for the movement of air in and out of the lungs, enabling us to breathe.

Cells are considered the smallest unit of life because they are the basic building blocks of all living organisms. They are the smallest functional and structural units that carry out all the necessary processes for life, such as metabolism, reproduction, and response to stimuli. Cells can exist as single-celled organisms or as part of a multicellular organism, but in both cases, they are essential for life to exist.

An organ is a part of the body that performs a specific function or job. It is made up of different types of tissues working together to carry out a particular task. Organs are essential for the proper functioning of the body and are found in various systems such as the heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys. Each organ has a unique structure and function that contributes to the overall health and well-being of an individual.

The pulmonary artery is where blood gets oxygen. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, where it is oxygenated. Once the blood is oxygenated, it returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins and is then pumped to the rest of the body. Therefore, the pulmonary artery is responsible for delivering blood to the lungs to receive oxygen.

Organelles are "little organs" that are found in both animal cells and plant cells. They are specialized structures within the cells that perform specific functions necessary for the cell's survival and proper functioning. Organelles can vary in size, shape, and function, but they are present in both animal and plant cells. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above".

Digestion actually begins in the mouth, where food is broken down into smaller pieces by chewing and mixed with saliva. The food then travels down the esophagus into the stomach, where further digestion occurs. However, the majority of digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place in the small intestine, not the stomach. Therefore, the statement that digestion begins in the stomach is false.

Oxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the rest of the body, while deoxygenated blood returns to the heart. This is because the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs to be oxygenated before it is circulated to the rest of the body again. Therefore, the statement is false.

The liver is part of the digestive system because it plays a crucial role in the digestion and metabolism of nutrients. It produces bile, which helps in the breakdown and absorption of fats. Additionally, the liver is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins.

The liver is also part of the excretory system because it filters and detoxifies harmful substances from the bloodstream. It metabolizes and eliminates drugs, toxins, and waste products from the body. The liver also produces urea, a waste product of protein metabolism, which is excreted through the kidneys.

Leaves are responsible for producing food through the process of photosynthesis, which is why they are able to convert sunlight into energy. They contain chlorophyll, a pigment that gives them their green color and is essential for photosynthesis. Leaves also carry water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant through specialized tissues called xylem. However, leaves do not carry resources upward or downward within the plant, nor do they carry sugars.

Xylem is a specialized tissue in plants that is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. It carries resources from the roots upward to the plant, which is the correct answer. Xylem does not carry resources downward, produce food, or contain chlorophyll. Additionally, xylem does not carry sugars, as that is the role of another tissue called phloem.

Phloem is a vascular tissue in plants responsible for transporting resources such as sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves (where they are produced) to other parts of the plant, including roots and fruits. Therefore, it carries resources downward and carries sugars. It does not produce food or contain chlorophyll, and it does not carry water and minerals, which are transported by the xylem.