Living Organisms & Their Environment

The correct answer is Homo sapien. This is the scientific name for the human species. "Homo" refers to the genus to which humans belong, and "sapien" means wise or intelligent. Therefore, Homo sapien represents the scientific classification for humans, distinguishing them from other species.

The correct answer is "genus & species" because the binomial system of nomenclature, developed by Carl Linnaeus, assigns every organism a unique two-part scientific name consisting of its genus (a group of closely related species) and its species (a specific type within the genus). This system allows for precise identification and classification of organisms based on their evolutionary relationships and shared characteristics. The genus and species names together form the scientific name of an organism, which is universally recognized and used by scientists worldwide.

Plants are called primary producers in a food chain/web because they are capable of photosynthesis, which allows them to convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into energy-rich organic compounds. This energy is then transferred to other organisms in the food chain/web. As primary producers, plants play a crucial role in providing energy and nutrients to the rest of the ecosystem.

A lobster is not a vertebrate because it belongs to the phylum Arthropoda, which includes animals with an exoskeleton and jointed appendages. Vertebrates, on the other hand, belong to the phylum Chordata and have a backbone or spinal column. Fish, cat, turkey, and bear are all vertebrates as they possess a backbone, while the lobster does not.

Burning fossil fuels is the human activity that has added the most carbon to the atmosphere. When fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are burned for energy, carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere. This process is a major contributor to the increase in greenhouse gases and the subsequent warming of the planet. Other activities like mining fossil fuels, cutting down rain forests, and increasing soil erosion can also have negative environmental impacts, but they do not directly release as much carbon into the atmosphere as burning fossil fuels does.

The correct order for a classification system is Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. This order follows the hierarchical structure of taxonomy, starting from the broadest category (Kingdom) and gradually narrowing down to the most specific category (Species). Each level represents a different level of similarity and relatedness among organisms.

The correct answer is B and D because both birds and snakes are classified as animals in the Kingdom Animalia. Tapeworms are also animals, but lichens are not.

The pyramid of energy is the most accurate way of determining energy loss in a food web. This is because it represents the flow of energy through different trophic levels, with each level representing the amount of energy available. As energy is transferred from one level to another, there is always a loss of energy due to metabolic processes and heat production. The pyramid of energy provides a visual representation of this energy loss, with each level becoming smaller as you move up the pyramid. This makes it a reliable tool for understanding the energy dynamics within a food web.

Mutualism is considered beneficial for both organisms because it involves a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit from each other. In mutualism, both organisms provide resources or services to each other, resulting in a mutually advantageous situation. This type of relationship promotes cooperation and the exchange of resources, leading to increased survival and reproductive success for both organisms involved.

Bacteria and fungi both act as decomposers in an ecosystem. Bacteria break down organic matter and release nutrients back into the environment, while fungi decompose dead organisms and organic material. Both of these organisms play a crucial role in recycling nutrients and breaking down dead matter, thus contributing to the overall health and balance of the ecosystem. Viruses and parasites, on the other hand, do not typically act as decomposers.

The correct answer is 0.03%. This is because carbon dioxide makes up only a small fraction of the Earth's atmosphere. While it is an important greenhouse gas, it is present in trace amounts, accounting for approximately 0.03% of the atmosphere.

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, using sunlight as the source of energy. During this process, carbon is fixed into the plants, meaning it is taken from the atmosphere and incorporated into organic molecules. Therefore, photosynthesis is the correct answer as it accurately describes the process of carbon fixation in green plants.

Carl Linnaeus developed the classification system that is used today. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy and his system, known as Linnaean taxonomy, is still the basis for organizing and categorizing living organisms. Linnaeus introduced the hierarchical system of classifying organisms into kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species. His system also included the use of binomial nomenclature, where each species is given a unique two-part scientific name. Linnaeus's contributions revolutionized the field of biology and his classification system is still widely used by scientists around the world.

The statement "only scientists can understand how organisms are classified" is false. While scientists may have a deeper understanding of the classification system and its intricacies, classification is not limited to scientists alone. Classification systems are designed to be accessible and understandable to a wide range of people, including students, researchers, and the general public. The goal of classification is to organize and categorize organisms in a way that is logical and comprehensible to all individuals interested in studying and learning about the natural world.

Water is the only compound listed that does not contain carbon. Carbon is an essential element in proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and glucose, as they all contain carbon atoms in their chemical structure. However, water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, and it does not contain any carbon.

Nitrogen gas (N2) is the most abundant form of nitrogen in the atmosphere, but it is not readily usable by most organisms. Only a few specialized organisms, such as certain bacteria, have the ability to directly convert atmospheric nitrogen gas into a usable form through a process called nitrogen fixation. This limitation makes it difficult for nitrogen gas to be integrated into the nitrogen cycle, as it requires specific organisms to convert it into forms that can be utilized by other organisms in the cycle.

Nitrogen fixation is the process in the nitrogen cycle where atmospheric nitrogen is converted into a more usable form for plants and other organisms. This process is carried out by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which convert nitrogen gas into ammonia or nitrate. Nitrification, on the other hand, is the process where ammonia is converted into nitrite and then into nitrate. Denitrification is the process where nitrate is converted back into nitrogen gas. Detoxification is not a term used in the nitrogen cycle. Therefore, the correct answer is nitrogen fixation.

Taxonomy is the correct answer because it refers to the scientific discipline of naming and classifying organisms based on their characteristics and evolutionary relationships. Binomial nomenclature, on the other hand, is a specific naming system within taxonomy that assigns each species a unique two-part scientific name. Systematics is another term used in taxonomy, which focuses on the evolutionary relationships and classification of organisms. Mutualism, however, is not related to the science of naming and classifying organisms.

The Fungi kingdom is classified as eukaryotic, multicellular because fungi are made up of eukaryotic cells, which means they have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Additionally, most fungi are multicellular organisms, meaning they are composed of many cells that work together to form a larger organism.

The level at which an organism feeds in a food web is known as a trophic level. Trophic levels represent the different positions in a food chain or web, indicating the transfer of energy and nutrients from one organism to another. Each trophic level represents a different feeding level, with primary producers at the base, followed by primary consumers, secondary consumers, and so on. The concept of trophic levels helps to understand the flow of energy and the interactions between different organisms in an ecosystem.

The secondary consumers in the given diagram are the hawk, snake, and frog. Secondary consumers are organisms that feed on primary consumers, which in turn feed on producers. In this case, the hawk preys on smaller animals such as snakes and frogs, making it a secondary consumer. Similarly, the snake and frog feed on smaller organisms, making them secondary consumers as well. The deer and trees mentioned in the options are not secondary consumers as they do not directly feed on other animals.

Detritivores are organisms that feed on dead organic matter, including faeces and waste material, in an ecosystem. They play a crucial role in breaking down and recycling nutrients, returning them to the environment. Unlike decomposers, which primarily break down organic matter into simpler compounds, detritivores physically consume the dead material. Denitrifying bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are involved in the nitrogen cycle, while garbage collectors is a term not commonly used in ecology. Therefore, the correct answer is detritivores.

This pyramid is an example of a pyramid of numbers. The pyramid of numbers represents the number of organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem. In this type of pyramid, the number of individuals decreases as you move up the food chain, with the highest number of organisms at the base and the lowest number at the top. This pyramid helps to visualize the energy flow and the relationship between different organisms in an ecosystem.

Humans can be considered as an example of both a predator and an omnivore. As predators, humans have the ability to hunt and consume other animals for food. Additionally, as omnivores, humans have a diverse diet that includes both plant and animal sources. This combination of characteristics makes humans capable of consuming a wide variety of food items, making them both predators and omnivores.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide into oxygen, therefore it does not release carbon into the atmosphere. Fossilisation is the process by which organic material is preserved in the earth's crust, and it does not release carbon into the atmosphere either.