Latin America, 1945-present Form Ab Chapter 22

1. Where did the military first stage a takeover?

Argentina

Chile

Panama

Peru

The military first staged a takeover in Argentina.

Explanation

The military first staged a takeover in Argentina.

2. 23. When did Latin America have the greatest population increase?

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

In the 1980s, Latin America experienced the greatest population increase. This can be attributed to several factors such as improved healthcare, decreased infant mortality rates, and increased access to education. Additionally, during this time, there was a significant increase in urbanization and migration from rural to urban areas, leading to a higher concentration of population in cities. Economic growth and political stability in some countries also contributed to a higher birth rate and overall population growth in the region during the 1980s.

Explanation

In the 1980s, Latin America experienced the greatest population increase. This can be attributed to several factors such as improved healthcare, decreased infant mortality rates, and increased access to education. Additionally, during this time, there was a significant increase in urbanization and migration from rural to urban areas, leading to a higher concentration of population in cities. Economic growth and political stability in some countries also contributed to a higher birth rate and overall population growth in the region during the 1980s.

3. "It is not easy to live in a war zone. The least of it was my being kidnapped by contras earlier this year. The hard part is seeing people die and consoling families.... In those eight hours I was held, as I walked in a column of 60 or so men and a few women—all in uniform—I could hear shooting and I realized that people I knew were being killed. Earlier I had seen bodies being brought back to town some burned, some cut to pieces." —Latin American Civilization: History and Society, 1492 to the Present, Benjamin Keene,
27. Whom did the person speaking identify as her captors?

Marxist guerrillas

Contras

Sandinistas

Bandits

The person speaking identified the contras as her captors. This is evident from the statement "The least of it was my being kidnapped by contras earlier this year." The term "contras" refers to the counter-revolutionary groups that opposed the Sandinista government in Nicaragua during the 1980s.

Explanation

The person speaking identified the contras as her captors. This is evident from the statement "The least of it was my being kidnapped by contras earlier this year." The term "contras" refers to the counter-revolutionary groups that opposed the Sandinista government in Nicaragua during the 1980s.

4. "Beginning in 1986, Brazil's gross domestic product grew at an annual rate of 10 [percent]. .. . The consequences of this 'miracle' were the impoverishment of Brazilian people. Between 1960 and 1970 the 20 [percent] of the population with the highest income increased its share of the national income from 54.5 [percent] to 64.1 [percent], while the remaining 80 [percent] saw its share reduced from 45.5 [percent] to 36.8 [percent]. ... In the same period the 1 [percent] of the population that represented the richest group increased its share of the national income from 11.7 [percent] to 17 [percent]." —Latin American Civilization: History and Society, 1492 to the Present, Benjamin Keene, 1996
According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Between 1960 and 1970, the share of national income received by the top 1 percent increased by about half.

All of the statements are true.

The passage states that between 1960 and 1970, the share of national income received by the richest 1 percent increased from 11.7 percent to 17 percent. This supports the statement that between 1960 and 1970, the share of national income received by the top 1 percent increased by about half. The passage also mentions that in 1970, the 20 percent of the population with the highest income increased its share of the national income from 54.5 percent to 64.1 percent, while the remaining 80 percent saw its share reduced from 45.5 percent to 36.8 percent. This supports the statement that in 1970, the division of national income between the top 20 percent and the remaining 80 percent was roughly two-thirds to one-third. Finally, the passage does not provide specific information about the share of national income received by the poorest 80 percent in 1970, so it is possible that it was roughly half the share received by the richest 1 percent. Therefore, all of the statements are true.

Explanation

The passage states that between 1960 and 1970, the share of national income received by the richest 1 percent increased from 11.7 percent to 17 percent. This supports the statement that between 1960 and 1970, the share of national income received by the top 1 percent increased by about half. The passage also mentions that in 1970, the 20 percent of the population with the highest income increased its share of the national income from 54.5 percent to 64.1 percent, while the remaining 80 percent saw its share reduced from 45.5 percent to 36.8 percent. This supports the statement that in 1970, the division of national income between the top 20 percent and the remaining 80 percent was roughly two-thirds to one-third. Finally, the passage does not provide specific information about the share of national income received by the poorest 80 percent in 1970, so it is possible that it was roughly half the share received by the richest 1 percent. Therefore, all of the statements are true.

5. Where did a military leader nullify election results?

Argentina

Chile

Panama

Peru

In Panama, a military leader nullified election results.

Explanation

In Panama, a military leader nullified election results.