Language Principles
ESOL test prep
- 1.
Define Acquisition of Phonology
- A.
The study of word formation and its internal structure
- B.
The study of the meaning of words, phrases and sentences
- C.
Breaking words into smaller units of sound pronunciation and how those sounds are organized
- D.
Minimal meaningful units in a language
Correct Answer
C. Breaking words into smaller units of sound pronunciation and how those sounds are organized -
- 2.
What is the difference between a morpheme and a phoneme?
- A.
Morphemes are the minimal meaningful units in a language ex. play er s and phonemes are the smallest units of sound when a word is pronounced
- B.
Morphemes are the smallest sounds in a word, phonemes are the minimal meaningful units of language
- C.
They both have roots in the meaning of words, phrases, and sentences
Correct Answer
A. Morphemes are the minimal meaningful units in a language ex. play er s and phonemes are the smallest units of sound when a word is pronounced -
- 3.
Which words are homonyms?
- A.
Left and left
- B.
Weight and wait
- C.
Produce and produce
- D.
Close and close
- E.
Their and there
Correct Answer(s)
A. Left and left
C. Produce and produce
D. Close and close -
- 4.
Which words are homophones?
- A.
Wait and weight
- B.
Wind and wind
- C.
Fair and fare
- D.
Tear and tear
Correct Answer(s)
A. Wait and weight
C. Fair and fare -
- 5.
Most errors made in the student's L1 and L2 are considered to be
- A.
Are because the student is trying to speak at a level higher than their ability in L2
- B.
Are due to a student trying to speak in their L1
- C.
Because they don't have models of good L2 speakers
- D.
Developmental due to context and learning environment
Correct Answer(s)
A. Are because the student is trying to speak at a level higher than their ability in L2
D. Developmental due to context and learning environment -
- 6.
Pragmatics is the study of how people use language within a context. What is the physical?
- A.
Refers to the background knowledge that the speakers share
- B.
When the conversation takes place, what objects are present, and what actions are happening
- C.
Refers to things that were said previously
- D.
Refers to the social relationship and setting of the speakers and listeners
Correct Answer
B. When the conversation takes place, what objects are present, and what actions are happening -
- 7.
What is the order of acquisition of syntax (how sentences are formed)?
- A.
Questions, length, plurals, negatives
- B.
Negatives, plurals, questions, length
- C.
Questions, negatives, plurals, length
- D.
Length, plurals, negatives, questions
Correct Answer
D. Length, plurals, negatives, questions -
- 8.
What should teachers do instead of asking students to answer in complete sentences?
- A.
Help students string words together into coherent groupings
- B.
Focus only on the literal meaning of words
- C.
Carefully evaluate directions for words that students may need help to understand as a beginning L1
- D.
Focus and correct contextual errors
Correct Answer(s)
A. Help students string words together into coherent groupings
C. Carefully evaluate directions for words that students may need help to understand as a beginning L1 -
- 9.
What term is used to describe the learner's ability to appropriately engage in conversation?
- A.
Syntax
- B.
Grammatical structure
- C.
Discourse competence
- D.
Developmental pragmatics
Correct Answer
C. Discourse competence -
- 10.
What should teachers encourage an ESL student to do?
- A.
Speak and write only in their L2
- B.
Speak and write in their L1 and learn to master the L2
- C.
Speak the L2 fluently and then focus on writing
- D.
Speak the L1 at home and the L2 in school
Correct Answer
B. Speak and write in their L1 and learn to master the L2 -
- 11.
In what ways has the English language changed?
- A.
Syllable reduction
- B.
Phonologically sounds have been omitted, grammatical structure has been simplified, and the shaw sound is used
- C.
Lexically definitions have changed
- D.
The Great Vowel Shift happened
Correct Answer
B. Phonologically sounds have been omitted, grammatical structure has been simplified, and the shaw sound is used -
- 12.
Why is English a hard language to master for some cultures?
- A.
Their L1 doesn't use the tip of their tongue so the sounds are difficult to make
- B.
Some languages are timed with syllables that change word meanings
- C.
Intonation patterns are different
- D.
Standard English has 20 vowel sounds and 24 consonants
Correct Answer(s)
A. Their L1 doesn't use the tip of their tongue so the sounds are difficult to make
B. Some languages are timed with syllables that change word meanings
C. Intonation patterns are different -
- 13.
Young children learning English as their first language may say such things as /aks/ for "ask" and/wed/ for "red." The phonological process involved in these examples are:
- A.
Metathesis and substitution
- B.
Dissimulation and insertion
- C.
Assimilation and deletion
- D.
Substitution and insertion
Correct Answer
A. Metathesis and substitution -
- 14.
Metathesis is
- A.
Replacing one phoneme with another /dog/ for "dig"
- B.
Altering one phoneme with another /ska/ for "Sack"
- C.
A sound becomes identical with or similar to a neighboring sound /grampa/ for "grandpa"
Correct Answer
B. Altering one phoneme with another /ska/ for "Sack" -
- 15.
How many phonemes does the word skaters have?
- A.
4
- B.
3
- C.
2
- D.
1
Correct Answer
B. 3 -
- 16.
What is the first phoneme most ELLs acquire first?
- A.
Un-
- B.
Re-
- C.
-ing
- D.
-ly
Correct Answer
C. -ing -
- 17.
Person A: The phone!Person B: I'm in the kitchen.Person A: Ok! I'll get it.To understand this dialogue English speakers use:
- A.
Morphophonemic knowledge
- B.
Pragmatics knowledge
- C.
Syntactic knowledge
- D.
Semantic knowledge
Correct Answer
B. Pragmatics knowledge -
- 18.
In the word unreasonableness, the underlined part is the
- A.
Prefix
- B.
Root
- C.
Compound
- D.
Suffix
Correct Answer
B. Root -
- 19.
"The minister married my cousin""They're moving sidewalks"Misinterpretation of the statments above is the result of
- A.
Over-extension
- B.
Structural ambiguity
- C.
Redundancy
- D.
Lexical anomaly
Correct Answer
B. Structural ambiguity -
- 20.
In an assigned essay for a language arts class, a student writes, "If you are interested in dinosaurs and like a good mystery, then you should definitely read this book!" This sentence serves which of the following language functions:
- A.
Commanding
- B.
Reporting
- C.
Persuading
- D.
Requesting
Correct Answer
C. Persuading -
Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Jan 16, 2013Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Jul 14, 2010Quiz Created by
Rtaco2
Back to top