ITEC A&p (Skin) A&q

The role of the sebaceous glands is to secrete sebum, which acts as a natural moisturizer for the skin. Sebum helps to keep the skin hydrated and prevents it from drying out. It also helps to protect the skin by forming a protective barrier against bacteria and other harmful substances. Additionally, sebum helps to lubricate the hair follicles and prevents them from becoming dry and brittle.

The sebaceous gland secretes sebum, which is an oily substance that helps to moisturize and protect the skin. Sebum helps to keep the skin hydrated and prevents it from becoming dry and cracked. It also helps to lubricate the hair follicles, preventing them from becoming brittle and breaking. Therefore, the role of the sebaceous gland is to secrete sebum as a natural moisturizer for the skin.

The sebaceous glands are responsible for producing sebum, an oily substance that helps moisturize and protect the skin. Sebum helps to keep the skin and hair lubricated, preventing them from becoming dry and brittle. It also has antimicrobial properties that help to protect against bacteria and other pathogens. Therefore, the correct answer is "to produce sebum."

Eccrine glands are sweat glands that are found all over the body. They excrete a watery sweat, which helps to regulate body temperature by evaporating and cooling the skin. This sweat is composed mainly of water, electrolytes, and small amounts of waste products. Sebum is produced by sebaceous glands and is an oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair. Therefore, sebum is not excreted by eccrine glands. Milky fluid and oil are also not excreted by eccrine glands as they are not part of their normal function.

The erector pili muscle is responsible for causing the hair follicle to stand erect, which leads to the formation of goosebumps. When this muscle contracts, it pulls the hair follicle upright, causing the hair to stand on end. This response is often triggered by cold temperatures, fear, or emotional stimuli.

Eccrine glands excrete watery sweat. These glands are responsible for regulating body temperature through the production of sweat, which is primarily composed of water. Sweat helps to cool down the body by evaporating from the skin's surface, thereby dissipating heat. Unlike apocrine glands, which produce a thicker and milky fluid, eccrine glands secrete a watery substance that is odorless. Sebum, on the other hand, is produced by sebaceous glands and is an oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair. Therefore, the correct answer is watery sweat.

Sebum is a fatty acid that keeps the skin moist and lubricates the hair shaft. It is produced by the sebaceous glands in the skin. Sebum helps to moisturize the skin, keeping it soft and supple, and also helps to lubricate the hair, preventing it from becoming dry and brittle. It plays an important role in maintaining the health and condition of the skin and hair.

Eccrine glands are responsible for excreting watery sweat. These glands are found all over the body and are particularly abundant on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and forehead. Watery sweat helps regulate body temperature by evaporating from the skin surface, cooling the body down. It also helps to eliminate waste products and toxins from the body. Sebum, on the other hand, is produced by the sebaceous glands and is an oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair.

Chloasma is a type of pigmentation disorder. It is characterized by the appearance of dark, irregular patches on the skin, typically on the face. This condition is often triggered by hormonal changes, such as those that occur during pregnancy or while taking certain medications. Chloasma is not caused by a viral or bacterial infection, nor is it an infestation. Instead, it is a result of an overproduction of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color.

The skin produces melanin, which is responsible for giving color to the skin, hair, and eyes. It also produces Vitamin D when exposed to sunlight, which is essential for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the body.

Vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by the loss of pigment cells, resulting in white patches of skin. This is the most distinct and common symptom of vitiligo. Yellow, red, or brown patches of skin are not typically associated with vitiligo.

The correct order of the layers of the skin is Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Germinativum. The layers of the skin are arranged in a specific order, with the outermost layer being the stratum corneum, followed by the stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and finally the stratum germinativum. Each layer has its own unique characteristics and functions in maintaining the integrity and protection of the skin.

The masseter muscle is responsible for raising the lower jaw. This muscle is one of the main muscles involved in chewing and biting. When the masseter muscle contracts, it causes the lower jaw to move upwards, allowing for the closing of the mouth and the exertion of force during chewing and biting actions.

Folliculitis is an example of a bacterial skin disease. It is characterized by inflammation of the hair follicles, usually caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Symptoms include small red bumps or white-headed pimples around hair follicles, itching, and sometimes pain. It can occur anywhere on the body where there are hair follicles. Treatment options include topical or oral antibiotics, antiseptic washes, and warm compresses. Tinea corporis is a fungal infection, warts are caused by a viral infection, and eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin condition.

Folliculitis is an example of a bacterial skin disease. It is characterized by the inflammation of hair follicles, usually caused by bacterial infection. This condition can result in red, swollen, and pus-filled bumps on the skin. It is commonly caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and can occur on any part of the body where hair follicles are present. Other options such as tinea corporis (a fungal infection), warts (caused by a viral infection), and eczema (a chronic inflammatory skin condition) are not caused by bacteria.

Psoriasis is an example of a congenital skin disease. Congenital means that the condition is present at birth or develops shortly after. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that affects the skin, causing red, scaly patches to form. It is not contagious and is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Acne vulgaris is a type of skin disorder caused by bacteria. Bacteria called Propionibacterium acnes, which normally reside on the skin, can multiply and cause inflammation in the hair follicles, leading to the development of acne. This is why bacterial treatments, such as antibiotics or topical creams that target bacteria, are often used to treat acne vulgaris.

Eczema is an example of a congenital skin disease because it is a chronic condition that often begins in infancy or early childhood and is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is characterized by inflamed, itchy, and dry skin, and can vary in severity from mild to severe. Eczema is not contagious and cannot be spread from person to person.

Melanocytes can be found in the epidermis. These are specialized cells that produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. Melanocytes are located at the base of the epidermis and distribute melanin to the surrounding skin cells, providing protection against harmful UV radiation from the sun.

A verruca is a type of skin growth caused by a viral infection. It is commonly known as a wart and is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Verrucas are contagious and can be spread through direct contact with the virus. They often appear on the hands, feet, or other areas of the body and can be painful or itchy. Treatment options for verrucas include over-the-counter medications, cryotherapy, or surgical removal.

The pterygoids are muscles located in the jaw. They are responsible for moving the jaw from side to side and are important for chewing and speaking.

Chloasma, also known as melasma, is a skin condition characterized by the development of dark, irregularly shaped patches of hyperpigmentation on the skin. These patches are typically brown or grayish-brown in color and are often found on areas of the skin that are exposed to the sun, such as the face, forehead, cheeks, and upper lip.