Infection Prevention Final Quiz

1. Five moments have been identified as critical times when hand hygiene should be performed. These are:

After a procedure or contact with blood or body fluids; after contact with the patient's environment ,before using toilet

Hand should be washed only when you recieved the pt

5 movements of hand hygiene according to all WHO guidelines to prevent transmission of infections.

Explanation

5 movements of hand hygiene according to all WHO guidelines to prevent transmission of infections.

2. 1.Standard precautions are work practices required for the basic level of infection control. Which of the following do they apply to?

All Hep B patients

All patients regardless of suspected or confirmed infection status .

Only TB pts.

Because according to recent CDC guidelines ,All pts should be consider as Infected Pt.

Explanation

Because according to recent CDC guidelines ,All pts should be consider as Infected Pt.

3. When are additional transmission based precautions required?

When standard precautions are not useful

When standard precautions alone are not sufficient to prevent the transmission of disease or infectious

When pt have hepatitis C

Additional transmission-based precautions are required when standard precautions alone are not sufficient to prevent the transmission of disease or infectious. This means that in certain situations, such as when dealing with highly contagious diseases or patients with weakened immune systems, additional precautions beyond standard measures like hand hygiene and personal protective equipment are necessary to prevent the spread of infection.

Explanation

Additional transmission-based precautions are required when standard precautions alone are not sufficient to prevent the transmission of disease or infectious. This means that in certain situations, such as when dealing with highly contagious diseases or patients with weakened immune systems, additional precautions beyond standard measures like hand hygiene and personal protective equipment are necessary to prevent the spread of infection.

4. Standard precautions include:

Hand hygiene

PPE

All of the above

The correct answer is "All of the above" because standard precautions in healthcare settings include practicing hand hygiene and using personal protective equipment (PPE). Hand hygiene, such as washing hands with soap and water or using hand sanitizer, helps prevent the spread of germs. PPE, such as gloves, masks, and gowns, are used to protect healthcare workers and patients from exposure to infectious agents. By following all of these precautions, healthcare workers can minimize the risk of transmission of infections.

Explanation

The correct answer is "All of the above" because standard precautions in healthcare settings include practicing hand hygiene and using personal protective equipment (PPE). Hand hygiene, such as washing hands with soap and water or using hand sanitizer, helps prevent the spread of germs. PPE, such as gloves, masks, and gowns, are used to protect healthcare workers and patients from exposure to infectious agents. By following all of these precautions, healthcare workers can minimize the risk of transmission of infections.

5. Mrs fatima is admitted to Hospital A with a leg wound which is infected with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The wound has moderate purulent ooze. Mr Jones is admitted to hospital A and because he was in the hospital with an MRSA infected surgical wound one month ago. He has his nose and groin swabbed for MRSA and is found to be colonised with MRSA. Mrs Smith is placed in contact precautions. Should Mr Jones also be placed in contact precautions?

Both conditions will be ok

No,there is no need

Yes, because colonisation may be a form of carriage and is a potential source of transmission

if proper precaution will not follow ;colonized pt may transmit the infections

Explanation

if proper precaution will not follow ;colonized pt may transmit the infections

6. Three patients present to a small rural hospital on Monday morning. Six year old Will is covered in a florid rash with a high temperature and a cough. His mother does not believe in vaccinating her children. They recently returned from a trip to India. Two month old Jade has been admitted with bronchiolitis probably caused by respiratory syncitial virus (RSV). Ten year old Blake has a nasty infected cut on his hand. His brother was recently discharged from the hospital following treatment for community acquired MRSA infection of his leg. The hospital only has one single room available. Which of the three patients should be placed in the single room?

No one need to be isolated.

Blake's brother should be isolated

Will because he probably has measles and since this is spread by the airborne route he needs a single room with negative pressure air conditioning. If that is not available he must be put in a single room.

Explanation

Will because he probably has measles and since this is spread by the airborne route he needs a single room with negative pressure air conditioning. If that is not available he must be put in a single room.

7. Cohort isolation means:

Diffrent pts with same infection

Diffrent infections in same age group

Only old age people

The correct answer is "different patients with the same infection." Cohort isolation refers to the practice of isolating a group of individuals who have been diagnosed with the same infectious disease. This is done to prevent the spread of the infection to other patients or individuals. By isolating the cohort, healthcare providers can implement specific infection control measures and provide targeted treatment to effectively manage the infection within the group.

Explanation

The correct answer is "different patients with the same infection." Cohort isolation refers to the practice of isolating a group of individuals who have been diagnosed with the same infectious disease. This is done to prevent the spread of the infection to other patients or individuals. By isolating the cohort, healthcare providers can implement specific infection control measures and provide targeted treatment to effectively manage the infection within the group.

8. What three elements are needed for a healthcare associated infection to occur?

An infectious agent, a source and a susceptible host

An infectious agent;carrier;pathogen

Source,carrier and contact

To have a healthcare-associated infection, three elements are necessary. First, there must be an infectious agent, such as a bacteria or virus, that can cause the infection. Second, there needs to be a source from which the infectious agent can spread, such as contaminated surfaces or equipment. Finally, there must be a susceptible host, someone who is vulnerable to the infection, such as a patient with a weakened immune system. These three elements together create the conditions for a healthcare-associated infection to occur.

Explanation

To have a healthcare-associated infection, three elements are necessary. First, there must be an infectious agent, such as a bacteria or virus, that can cause the infection. Second, there needs to be a source from which the infectious agent can spread, such as contaminated surfaces or equipment. Finally, there must be a susceptible host, someone who is vulnerable to the infection, such as a patient with a weakened immune system. These three elements together create the conditions for a healthcare-associated infection to occur.

9. Contact precautions not include:

N-95 Mask.

Negative pressure room

All of the above

The correct answer is "all of the above." This means that contact precautions do not include N-95 masks or negative pressure rooms. Contact precautions typically involve measures such as hand hygiene, gloves, gowns, and dedicated equipment to prevent the spread of infectious diseases through direct contact. N-95 masks and negative pressure rooms are used for airborne precautions, which are separate from contact precautions.

Explanation

The correct answer is "all of the above." This means that contact precautions do not include N-95 masks or negative pressure rooms. Contact precautions typically involve measures such as hand hygiene, gloves, gowns, and dedicated equipment to prevent the spread of infectious diseases through direct contact. N-95 masks and negative pressure rooms are used for airborne precautions, which are separate from contact precautions.

10. Air borne precautions includes?

N-95 Mask positive pressure room

N-95 Mask.Negative pressure room

None of the above

Airborne precautions are necessary to prevent the transmission of infectious agents that are spread through the air. These precautions include the use of N-95 masks, which are designed to filter out small particles in the air. Additionally, a negative pressure room is recommended to prevent the escape of airborne contaminants from the room. This combination of N-95 masks and negative pressure rooms helps to protect healthcare workers and prevent the spread of airborne diseases.

Explanation

Airborne precautions are necessary to prevent the transmission of infectious agents that are spread through the air. These precautions include the use of N-95 masks, which are designed to filter out small particles in the air. Additionally, a negative pressure room is recommended to prevent the escape of airborne contaminants from the room. This combination of N-95 masks and negative pressure rooms helps to protect healthcare workers and prevent the spread of airborne diseases.