Imaging Ch. 1, 2, 3

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  • 1/25 Questions

    Which of the following are possible effects of excessive heat within an x-ray tube?

    • Bearing failure and decreased anode speed.
    • Roughened target surface.
    • Arcing.
    • All of the above.
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About This Quiz

VT 181 review questions from chapters 1, 2 & 3 of Radiography in Veterinary Technology, 4th ed. By Lisa M. Lavin.

Imaging Ch. 1, 2, 3 - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Scatter depends on:

    • The intensity of the beam

    • The composition of the structure being radiographed

    • Kilovoltage (kVp) level

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    Scatter refers to the deflection of X-ray photons from their original path as they interact with the structure being radiographed. The intensity of the beam, the composition of the structure, and the kilovoltage (kVp) level all play a role in determining the amount of scatter produced. The intensity of the beam affects the number of photons available for scattering, while the composition of the structure determines how likely the photons are to scatter. The kilovoltage level influences the energy of the photons, which in turn affects their scattering behavior. Therefore, all of these factors contribute to scatter production.

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  • 3. 

    The negatively charged particle of an atom is the:

    • Proton

    • Neutron

    • Electron

    • Nucleus

    Correct Answer
    A. Electron
    Explanation
    The negatively charged particle of an atom is the electron. Protons and neutrons are both found in the nucleus of an atom and have no charge or a positive charge, respectively. The electron, on the other hand, orbits around the nucleus and carries a negative charge. It plays a crucial role in determining the chemical behavior of atoms and is involved in the formation of chemical bonds.

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  • 4. 

    Veterinary patients have a tendency to move while being positioned for radiographs to be taken. The radiographer should help to safely prevent artifacts of movement by:

    • Using the shortest exposure time possible.

    • Altering the direction in which x-rays move.

    • Selecting a longer exposure time than is recommended.

    • Sedating all patients before taking radiographs.

    Correct Answer
    A. Using the shortest exposure time possible.
    Explanation
    Using the shortest exposure time possible is the correct answer because it helps to minimize the chances of artifacts caused by patient movement during radiography. By using a shorter exposure time, the image is captured quickly, reducing the likelihood of blurring or distortion caused by the patient's movement. This allows for a clearer and more accurate radiograph to be obtained.

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following is recommended to reduce unnecessary radiation of the patient or persons restraining the patient and to decrease scatter radiation?

    • Opening the collimator as wide as possible.

    • Placement of a lead apron over the area of interest on the patient.

    • Selection of full-wave rectification as opposed to half-wave rectification.

    • Adjustment of the collimator so that the smallest field size possible is used.

    Correct Answer
    A. Adjustment of the collimator so that the smallest field size possible is used.
    Explanation
    Adjusting the collimator to the smallest field size possible helps to reduce unnecessary radiation by limiting the area being exposed to radiation. This reduces scatter radiation and also minimizes radiation exposure to the patient and any persons restraining the patient. Opening the collimator as wide as possible would have the opposite effect, increasing the area exposed to radiation and potentially increasing scatter radiation. Placement of a lead apron over the area of interest on the patient can help shield that specific area, but it does not address reducing unnecessary radiation overall. The selection of full-wave rectification or half-wave rectification does not directly impact unnecessary radiation or scatter radiation.

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  • 6. 

    As x-rays pass through materials, they have the ability to:

    • Cause substances to fluoresce

    • Completely remove an electron from an atom, leaving the atom positively charged

    • Cause chemical changes that can kill cells

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    X-rays have the ability to cause substances to fluoresce by exciting the atoms in the material, causing them to emit light. They can also completely remove an electron from an atom, leaving the atom positively charged, through a process called ionization. Additionally, x-rays can cause chemical changes that can kill cells, making them useful in medical treatments such as radiation therapy. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above" as x-rays possess all these abilities.

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  • 7. 

    On the electromagnetic spectrum, in relation to visible light, x-rays:

    • Have a longer wavelength.

    • Have a lower frequency.

    • Have a shorter wavelength.

    • Are closer in wavelength to infrared rays than light waves.

    Correct Answer
    A. Have a shorter wavelength.
    Explanation
    X-rays have a shorter wavelength compared to visible light. The electromagnetic spectrum consists of various types of waves, with visible light being a part of it. X-rays have shorter wavelengths than visible light, which means they have higher energy and can penetrate through certain materials. This property makes them useful in medical imaging and other applications where the ability to pass through objects is required.

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  • 8. 

    The anode's target:

    • Is composed of tungsten.

    • Reaches temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees C during x-ray production.

    • Usually has a copper base.

    • All of the above.

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "All of the above." This is because the anode's target in an x-ray machine is composed of tungsten, which is a high melting point material that can withstand the high temperatures generated during x-ray production. These temperatures can reach in excess of 1000 degrees C. Additionally, the anode's target usually has a copper base, which helps to dissipate heat and improve the efficiency of the x-ray production process. Therefore, all of the statements mentioned in the options are true.

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  • 9. 

    Electrons travel:

    • Toward the cathode in an x-ray tube.

    • Away from the anode in an x-ray tube.

    • Toward the anode in an x-ray tube.

    • Within the nucleus of an atom.

    Correct Answer
    A. Toward the anode in an x-ray tube.
    Explanation
    In an x-ray tube, electrons are accelerated from the cathode towards the anode. The anode is positively charged, while the cathode is negatively charged. This creates an electric field that attracts the electrons towards the anode. As the electrons travel towards the anode, they gain energy and collide with the target material, producing x-rays. Therefore, the correct answer is "toward the anode in an x-ray tube."

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  • 10. 

    In x-ray tubes, the majority of energy produced by the movement of electrons is in the form of:

    • Light

    • Heat

    • Sound

    • X-ray energy

    Correct Answer
    A. Heat
    Explanation
    In x-ray tubes, the majority of energy produced by the movement of electrons is in the form of heat. This is because when high-speed electrons collide with the target material, their kinetic energy is converted into thermal energy. X-rays are also produced in this process, but the amount of heat generated is much higher compared to the amount of x-ray energy. Therefore, heat is the primary form of energy produced in x-ray tubes.

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  • 11. 

    X-ray electromagnetic radiation travels in a straight line, the direction of which can be altered.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    X-ray electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy that travels in a straight line. This means that it does not curve or bend unless acted upon by an external force. However, the direction of X-ray radiation can be altered by using devices such as mirrors or lenses. Therefore, the statement that X-ray electromagnetic radiation travels in a straight line and its direction can be altered is true.

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  • 12. 

    Genetic damage is not detectable until future generations are produced.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    This statement is true because genetic damage refers to changes or mutations in the DNA that can be passed on to future generations. These changes may not be immediately apparent or detectable in the individual who carries the damaged genes. Instead, they may manifest in the offspring or subsequent generations. Therefore, it is accurate to say that genetic damage is not detectable until future generations are produced.

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  • 13. 

    X-rays were discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in the year _____?

    Correct Answer
    1895
    Explanation
    Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895.

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  • 14. 

    How can the technician help to prolong the life of the filament in the x-ray tube?

    • Enter the proper exposure settings in the control panel before the final positioning of the animal.

    • Leave the s-ray unit on at all times to ensure that the filament is heated when the radiograph is requested.

    • Always leave the x-ray unit in the standby mode.

    • The technician can do nothing because filament defects are largely the fault of the maufacturer.

    Correct Answer
    A. Enter the proper exposure settings in the control panel before the final positioning of the animal.
    Explanation
    By entering the proper exposure settings in the control panel before the final positioning of the animal, the technician can help to prolong the life of the filament in the x-ray tube. This ensures that the appropriate amount of radiation is used for the specific procedure, preventing overexposure and potential damage to the filament. Proper exposure settings also help to produce clear and accurate radiographs, reducing the need for retakes and minimizing the wear and tear on the filament.

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  • 15. 

    Which of the following statements is true?

    • X-rays with longer wavelengths penetrate farther than x-rays with shorter wavelengths.

    • X-rays with shorter wavelengths penetrate farther than x-rays with longer wavelengths.

    • Electromagnetic radiation with lower frequency has more penetrating power through space and matter.

    • Gamma rays are required for the production of a radiograph

    Correct Answer
    A. X-rays with shorter wavelengths penetrate farther than x-rays with longer wavelengths.
    Explanation
    The given answer is correct because it states that x-rays with shorter wavelengths penetrate farther than x-rays with longer wavelengths. This is because shorter wavelengths have higher energy and can penetrate through materials more easily. X-rays with longer wavelengths have lower energy and are more likely to be absorbed or scattered by the material they encounter, limiting their penetration. Therefore, x-rays with shorter wavelengths are able to travel deeper into the body or through thicker materials.

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  • 16. 

    What is the thickness of the lead-lined rubber lining protective apparel in veterinary radiography?

    • 1 cm

    • 10 mm

    • 0.5 mm

    • 0.5

    Correct Answer
    A. 0.5 mm
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 0.5 mm. In veterinary radiography, the lead-lined rubber lining protective apparel is used to protect against radiation exposure. The thickness of the lining is crucial in determining the level of protection provided. A thickness of 0.5 mm is considered appropriate for this purpose, as it provides sufficient shielding against radiation while still allowing for ease of movement and flexibility in the apparel.

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  • 17. 

    Bundles of energy that travel in a wave are called:

    • Photons

    • Quanta

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "all of the above" because both photons and quanta are terms used to describe bundles of energy that travel in a wave. Photons are specifically used in the context of electromagnetic radiation, while quanta is a more general term that can be used to describe bundles of energy in various physical systems. Therefore, both terms are correct and can be used interchangeably to refer to bundles of energy that travel in a wave.

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  • 18. 

    Filaments located in an x-ray tube:

    • Are made of molybdenum.

    • Must have a low melting point and low atomic number.

    • Are found in the anode.

    • Emit electrons when heated.

    Correct Answer
    A. Emit electrons when heated.
    Explanation
    Filaments located in an x-ray tube emit electrons when heated. This is because the filament, typically made of tungsten, is heated to a high temperature by passing an electric current through it. This process, known as thermionic emission, causes the electrons to be released from the surface of the filament. These emitted electrons then travel towards the anode, creating the electron beam necessary for the production of x-rays.

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  • 19. 

    A small amount of air within the glass envelope is beneficial because it helps to dissipate heat.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Air molecules interfere with the path of electrons, thus decreasing the number of electrons reaching the target.

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  • 20. 

    All of the following are true except:

    • Animals cells are not as susceptible to damage from irradiation as human cells.

    • Radiation can affect the body's ability to produce red and white blood cells.

    • Exposure to radiation can affect the lens by causing cataracts.

    • Individuals younger than 18 years of age may not assist with animal restraint while radiographs are taken.

    Correct Answer
    A. Animals cells are not as susceptible to damage from irradiation as human cells.
    Explanation
    The answer is "Animals cells are not as susceptible to damage from irradiation as human cells." This statement is not true because both animal cells and human cells can be damaged by irradiation. Radiation can affect the DNA in cells, leading to mutations and potentially causing cancer. Therefore, both animal cells and human cells are equally susceptible to damage from irradiation.

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  • 21. 

    What type of dosimeter can be stored for years, maintain its information, and can be reused?

    • Pocket ionization chamber

    • Collimator

    • Thermoluminescent dosimeter

    • Film badge

    Correct Answer
    A. Thermoluminescent dosimeter
    Explanation
    A thermoluminescent dosimeter is a type of dosimeter that can be stored for years, maintain its information, and can be reused. It works by measuring the amount of radiation exposure an individual receives. The dosimeter contains a material that emits light when heated, and this light emission is proportional to the amount of radiation absorbed. This makes it a reliable and long-lasting option for monitoring radiation exposure over time.

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  • 22. 

    Which of the following are limitations of the stationary anode?

    • The target is made of tungsten.

    • It is unable to withstand large amounts of heat.

    • If the target becomes pitted, radiographs appear darker.

    • It is limited to a larger focal spot to accomodate higher temperatures.

    Correct Answer
    A. It is unable to withstand large amounts of heat.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that the stationary anode is unable to withstand large amounts of heat. This means that it has a limited capacity to handle high temperatures, which can be a limitation in certain applications.

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  • 23. 

    What is the upper limit of exposure that an occupationally exposed individual may receive according to state and federal regulations?

    • 0.5 Sv/year

    • 100 rem/year

    • 0.05 Sv/year

    • 0.005 Sv/year

    Correct Answer
    A. 0.05 Sv/year
    Explanation
    According to state and federal regulations, the upper limit of exposure that an occupationally exposed individual may receive is 0.05 Sv/year. This limit is set to ensure the safety and well-being of individuals who are exposed to radiation in their work environment. It is important to adhere to this limit to prevent any potential harmful effects of radiation exposure.

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  • 24. 

    A radiograph is synonymous with an x-ray

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    A radiograph is the radiographic record of an object on film produced by the passage of x-rays, a form of electromagnetic radiation, through that object.

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  • 25. 

    Which of the following is a type of somatic damage caused by radiation?

    • Gene mutation

    • Cataracts

    • Sterility

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Cataracts
    Explanation
    Cataracts is a type of somatic damage caused by radiation. Radiation exposure can lead to the formation of cataracts, which are characterized by the clouding of the lens in the eye. This occurs when the radiation damages the proteins in the lens, causing them to clump together and obstruct vision. Cataracts can develop over time after exposure to ionizing radiation, such as X-rays or nuclear radiation.

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  • Mar 17, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Mar 03, 2011
    Quiz Created by
    Kbeaver
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