IGCSE Geography Quiz

Migration refers to the movement of people from one place to another. It involves the relocation of individuals or groups of people from their place of origin to a different destination. This movement can be temporary or permanent and can be motivated by various factors such as economic opportunities, political instability, or social reasons. Migration can occur within a country (internal migration) or between different countries (international migration). It is an essential aspect of human history and plays a significant role in shaping societies and cultures.

Geothermal energy is the correct answer because it refers to the energy derived from the intense heat beneath the Earth's surface. This heat is generated by the radioactive decay of minerals and the residual heat from the formation of the Earth. Geothermal energy can be harnessed through various methods such as using steam from geothermal reservoirs to generate electricity or utilizing heat pumps to heat and cool buildings.

Commercial farming refers to the practice of rearing animals and growing crops with the intention of selling them in the market to make a profit. Unlike subsistence farming, where the main aim is to sustain the farmer's family, commercial farming focuses on generating income by producing agricultural products for the market. This type of farming involves large-scale production, advanced technology, and efficient marketing strategies to maximize profitability.

Moving to a new location to find employment is considered an economic factor because it directly relates to the financial aspect of an individual's life. It involves the search for better job opportunities, higher wages, and improved economic conditions. This decision is driven by the desire to improve one's financial situation and achieve economic stability.

Farming is considered a primary industry because it involves the extraction or production of raw materials from the earth. In the case of farming, the raw materials are the crops or livestock that are grown or raised. Labor is required to cultivate and harvest the crops or take care of the animals. Capital is needed to invest in equipment, seeds, fertilizers, and other resources necessary for farming. Therefore, the inputs for farming include raw materials (crops or livestock), labor, and capital.

A pull factor is a factor that attracts people to migrate to a new location. These factors can include better job opportunities, higher wages, improved standard of living, access to better education and healthcare, political stability, and a safer environment. Pull factors are positive aspects that entice individuals to move and settle in a different place in search of a better life and opportunities.

Water scarcity is becoming a big problem due to a combination of factors. The increasing population puts a strain on water resources as more people require water for their daily needs. Pollution also contributes to water scarcity as contaminated water sources become unusable. Additionally, the growing demand for agriculture requires a significant amount of water for irrigation, further depleting water supplies. Therefore, all of these factors together contribute to the problem of water scarcity.

Approximately 2.5 percent of water on Earth is fresh. This includes water found in lakes, rivers, groundwater, and glaciers. The majority of Earth's water, about 97.5 percent, is saltwater found in oceans. Freshwater is essential for various purposes such as drinking, agriculture, and industrial use. However, the availability of freshwater is limited, making it a valuable and precious resource that needs to be conserved and managed effectively.

Cotton is the best example of a cash crop because it is grown specifically for the purpose of selling and generating income. It is a highly profitable crop that is in high demand for its use in the textile industry. Cotton farmers cultivate it on a large scale and sell it to textile manufacturers, making it a significant source of revenue for them. Rice and wheat, on the other hand, are primarily grown for consumption and are not typically considered cash crops.